NIELS HENRIK See also:

• ABEL (better ABELL), THOMAS (d. 1540)
• ABEL (Hebrew for breath)
• ABEL, KARL FRIEDRICH (1725-1787)
• NIELS HENRIK ABEL (1802-1829)
• ABEL, SIR FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, BART

ABEL (1802-1829)  , See also:

• NORWEGIAN

Norwegian mathematician, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Findoe on the 25th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1802 . In 1815 he entered the See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral school at See also:

• CHRISTIANIA (officially KRISTIANIA)

Christiania, and three years later he gave See also:

• PROOF (in M. Eng. preove, proeve, preve, &°c., from O. Fr . prueve, proeve, &c., mod. preuve, Late. Lat. proba, probate, to prove, to test the goodness of anything, probus, good)

proof of his mathematical See also:

• GENIUS (from Lat. genere, gignere)

genius by his brilliant solutions of the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original problems proposed by B . Holmboe . About this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, his See also:

• FATHER

father, a poor See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister, died, and the See also:

• FAMILY

family was See also:

• LEFT

left in straitened circumstances; but a small See also:

• PENSION (Lat. pensio, a payment, from pendere, to weigh, to pay)

pension from the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state allowed See also:

• ABEL (better ABELL), THOMAS (d. 1540)
• ABEL (Hebrew for breath)
• ABEL, KARL FRIEDRICH (1725-1787)
• ABEL, NIELS HENRIK (1802-1829)
• ABEL, SIR FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, BART

Abel to enter Christiania University in 1821 . His first notable See also:

• WORK

work was a proof of the impossibility of solving the quintic See also:

• EQUATION (from Lat. aequatio, aequare, to equalize)

equation by radicals . This investigation was first published in 1824 and in abstruse and difficult See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form, and afterwards (1826) more elaborately in the first See also:

• VOLUME

volume of Crelle's See also:

• JOURNAL
• JOURNAL (through Fr. from late Lat. diurnalis, daily)

Journal . Further state aid enabled him to visit See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany and See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France in 1825, and having visited the astronomer Heinrich See also:

• SCHUMACHER, HEINRICH CHRISTIAN (1780-1850)

Schumacher (1780-185o) at See also:

• HAMBURG

Hamburg, he spent six months in See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, where he became intimate with August See also:

• LEOPOLD (M.H. Ger. Liupolt; O.H. Ger. Liupald, from hut, Mod. Ger. Leute, " people," and paid, " bold," i.e. " bold for the people ")

Leopold Crelle, who was then about to publish his mathematical journal . This project was warmly encouraged by Abel, who contributed much to the success of the venture . From Berlin he passed to See also:

• FREIBERG, or FREYBERG

Freiberg, and here he made his brilliant researches h the theory of functions, elliptic, hyperelliptic and a new class known as Abelians being particularly studied . In 1826 he moved to See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, and during a ten months' stay he met the leading mathematicians of France ; but he was little appreciated, for his work was scarcely known, and his modesty restrained him from See also:

• PRO

pro-claiming his researches . Pecuniary embarrassments, from which he had never been See also:

• FREE

free, finally compelled him to abandon his tour, and on his return to See also:

• NORWAY
• NORWAY (Norge)

Norway he taught for some time at Christiania . In 1829 Crelle obtained a See also:

• POST

post for him at Berlin, but the offer did not reach Norway until after his See also:

• DEATH

death near See also:

• ARENDAL

Arendal on the 6th of See also:

• APRIL

April .

The See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early death of this talented mathematician, of whom See also:

• LEGENDRE, ADRIEN MARIE (1752–1833)
• LEGENDRE, LOUIS (1752-1797)

Legendre said " quelle te"te See also:

• CELLE

celle du jeune Norvegien l ", cut See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short a career of extraordinary brilliance and promise . Under Abel's guidance, the prevailing obscurities of See also:

• ANALYSIS (Gr. avci and Meta, to break up into parts)

analysis began to: be cleared, new See also:

• FIELDS, JAMES THOMAS (1817-1881)

fields were entered upon and the study of functions so advanced as to provide mathematicians with numerous ramifications along which progress could be made . His See also:

• WORKS

works, the greater See also:

• PART

part of which originally appeared in Crelle's Journal, were edited by Holmboe and published in 1839 by the See also:

• SWEDISH

Swedish See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, and a more See also:

• COMPLETE

complete edition by L . Sylow and S . See also:

• LIE, JONAS LAURITZ EDEMIL (1833—1908)
• LIE, MARIUS SOPHUS (1842–1899)

Lie was published in 1881 . For further details of his mathematical investigations see the articles See also:

• GROUPS
• GROUPS, THEORY

GROUPS, THEORY OF, and FUNCTIONS OF COMPLEX VARIABLES . See C . A . Bjerknes, Niels Henrik Abel: Tableau de sa See also:

• VIE

vie et son See also:

• ACTION

action scientifique (Paris, 1885) ; See also:

• LUCAS, CHARLES (1713–1771)
• LUCAS, JOHN SEYMOUR (1849– )
• LUCAS, SIR CHARLES (d. 1648)

Lucas de Peslouan, Niels Henrik Abel (Paris, 1906) .