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AGRAM (Hungarian Zagreb, Croatian Zag...

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Originally appearing in Volume V01, Page 382 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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AGRAM (Hungarian Zagreb, Croatian Zagreb)  , the capital of Croatia-Slavonia, and a royal
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free
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town of Hungary; pleasantly situated between the north
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bank of the Save and the mountains which culminate in Sljeme (3396 ft.); 187 m. by
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rail S. of Vienna . Pop . (189o) 38,742; (1900) 57,930, or with garrison 61,002 . Agram is the seat of the
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ban, or viceroy, of Croatia-Slavonia, of the Banal and Septemviral courts, the highest in the
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land, and of a chamber of commerce: It is also the meeting-place of the parliament; but
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local affairs are
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con-ducted by a municipal council . The city is divided into three districts . The Kapitel-Stadt, sometimes called the Bishop's Town, with the palace of the
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Roman Catholic archbishop, and his
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late
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Gothic
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cathedral, dating from the 15th century, lies eastward of the Medvescak, a
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brook which flows into the Save . The Upper Town, on high ground west of the Medvescak, contains the palace of the ban and the natural
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history museum . On the south, the
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Lower Town is separated from the other districts by the Ilica, a long street, traversed by a cable
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tramway . In it are the business and
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industrial quarters; the palace of justice; the academy of science, with picture-galleries, a library and a collection of antiquities; the theatre; the Franz Josef University, founded in 1874 to teach
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theology, law and philosophy; the synagogue; and the only
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Protestant church existing in the country at the beginning of the 20th century . Roman Catholic churches and
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schools are numerous . Besides the large Maximir park and botanical gardens, many of the squares are planted with trees and adorned with statues; while the whole city is surrounded by vineyards and country houses .
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Tobacco, leather,
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linen, carpets and war-material are manufactured in Agram, which also contains the
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works of the Hungarian state
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railways, and has a brisk trade in grain, wine, potash, honey,
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silk and
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porcelain .

In 1094 Agram was founded by

Ladislaus I. of Hungary, as the seat of a bishop; and on the expulsion of its Mongol colony, in 1242, it was raised to the rank of a royal free city . For centuries a bitter
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feud raged between the Kapitel-Stadt and the Upper Town, until these rivals were forced to join hands against the
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Turks . Agram, already the
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political centre of Croatia, . Slavonia, was selected as the capital in 1867 . It suffered severely from
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earthquake in 188o and ;got .

End of Article: AGRAM (Hungarian Zagreb, Croatian Zagreb)
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