See also:

• HENRI

HENRI See also:

• FRANCOIS (1558-1614)

FRANCOIS See also:

• HENRI FRANCOIS AGUESSEAU

AGUESSEAU  D' (1668-1751), See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, illustrious for his virtues, learning and talents, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• LIMOGES

Limoges, of a See also:

• FAMILY

family of the magistrature . His See also:

• FATHER

father, See also:

• HENRI

Henri d' See also:

• AGUESSEAU, HENRI FRANCOIS

Aguesseau, a hereditary councillor of the See also:

• PARLEMENT (see PARLIAMENT)

parlement of See also:

• METZ

Metz, was a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of singular ability and breadth of view who, after holding successively the posts of See also:

• INTENDANT (from Lat. intendens, pres. part. of intendere, to apply the mind to, to watch over; cf. " superintendent ")

intendant of See also:

• LIMOUSIN (Lat. Pagus Lemovicinus, ager Lemovicensis, regio Lemovicum, Lemozinum, Limosinium, &c.)
• LIMOUSIN (or LIMOSIN), LEONARD (c. 1505-c. 1577)

Limousin, Guyenne and See also:

• LANGUEDOC

Languedoc, was in 1685 called to See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris as councillor of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state, appointed director-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general of See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

commerce and manufactures in 1695, See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president of the See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council of commerce in 1700 and a member of the council of the regency for See also:

• FINANCE

finance . By him See also:

• FRANCOIS (1558-1614)

Francois d'Aguesseau was See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early initiated into affairs and brought up in religious principles deeply tinged with See also:

• JANSENISM

Jansenism . He studied See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law under See also:

• JEAN

Jean See also:

• DOMAT, or DAUMAT, JEAN (1625-1696)

Domat, whose See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence is apparent in both the legal writings and legislative See also:

• WORK

work of the chancellor . When little more than twenty-one years of See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age he was, through his father's influence with the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king, appointed one of the three See also:

• ADVOCATES, FACULTY OF

advocates-general to the parlement of Paris; and the eloquence and learning which he displayed in his first speech gained him a very high reputation . D'Aguesseau was in fact the first See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master of forensic eloquence in France . In 1700 he was appointed See also:

• PROCURATOR (Lat. procurare, to take care of)

procurator-general; and in this See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office, which he filled for seventeen years, he gained the greatest popularity by his See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence of the rights of the Gallican See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church in the Quietist troubles and in those connected with the See also:

• BULL
• BULL, GEORGE (1634–1710)
• BULL, JOHN (c. 1562–1628)
• BULL, OLE BORNEMANN (18ro-188o)

bull Unigenitus (see JANSENISM) . In See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1717 he was made chancellor by the See also:

• REGENT (from Lat. regere, to rule)

regent See also:

• ORLEANS
• ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
• ORLEANS, DUKES OF
• ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
• ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
• ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
• ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
• ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
• ORLEANS, PHILIP I
• ORLEANS, PHILIP II

Orleans; but was deprived of the See also:

• SEALS

seals in See also:

• JANUARY

January of the following See also:

• YEAR

year and exiled to his See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate of Fresnes in See also:

• BRIE (Briegus saltus, from Celtic briek, clay)

Brie, on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of his steady opposition to the projects of the famous See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Law, which had been adopted by the regent and his ministers . In See also:

• JUNE

June 1720 he was recalled to satisfy public See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion; and he contributed not' a little by the firmness and sagacity of his counsels to See also:

• CALM

calm the public disturbance and repair the See also:

• MISCHIEF

mischief which had been done . Law himself had acted as the messenger of his recall; and it is said that d'Aguesseau's consent to accept the seals from his See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand greatly diminished his popularity . The parlement continuing its opposition to the registering of the bull Unigenitus, d'Aguesseau, fearing a See also:

• SCHISM

schism and a religious See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war in 'France, assisted See also:

• GUILLAUME
• GUILLAUME, JEAN BAPTISTE CLAUDE EUGENE (1822-1905)

Guillaume See also:

• DUBOIS
• DUBOIS, FRANCOIS CLEMENT THEODORE (1837– )
• DUBOIS, GUILLAUME (1656–1723)
• DUBOIS, JEAN ANTOINE (1765-1848)
• DUBOIS, PAUL (1829-1905)
• DUBOIS, PIERRE (c. 1250-c. 1312)

Dubois, the favourite of the regent, in his endeavour to force the parlement to See also:

• REGISTER

register the bull, acquiesced in the See also:

• EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

exile of the magistrates and allowed the Great Council to assume the See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power of See also:

• REGISTRATION

registration, which legally belonged to the parlement alone . The See also:

• PEOPLE

people unjustly attributed his conduct to a See also:

• BASE

base compliance with the favourite .

He certainly opposed Dubois in other matters; and when Dubois became See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister d'Aguesseau was deprived of his office (See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1, 1722) . He retired to his estate, where he passed five years of which he always spoke with delight . The Scriptures, which he read and compared in various See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages, and the See also:

• JURISPRUDENCE (Lat. jurisprudenlia, knowledge of law, from jus, right, and prudentia, from providere, to foresee)
• JURISPRUDENCE, COMPARATIVE

jurisprudence of his own and other countries, formed the subjects of his more serious studies; the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of his See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time was devoted to See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy, literature and gardening . From these occupations he was recalled to See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court by the See also:

• ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice of See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

Cardinal See also:

• FLEURY [ABRAHAM JOSEPH BENARD] (1750-.1822)
• FLEURY, ANDRE HERCULE DE (1653-1743)
• FLEURY, CLAUDE (1640-1723)

Fleury in 1727, and on the 15th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August was named chancellor for the third time, but the seals were not restored to him till ten years later . During these years he endeavoured to mediate in the disputes between the court and the parlement . When he was at last reinstated in office, he completely withdrew from all See also:

• POLITICAL

political affairs, and devoted himself entirely to his duties as chancellor and to the achievement of those reforms which had See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long occupied his thoughts . He aimed, as others had tried before him, to draw up in a single See also:

• CODE (Lat. codex)

code all the See also:

• LAWS

laws of France, but was unable to accomplish his task . Besides some important enactments regarding donations, testaments and successions, he introduced various regulations for improving the forms of See also:

• PROCEDURE (Fr. procedure, from Lat. procedere, to go for-ward)

procedure, for ascertaining the limits of jurisdictions and for effecting a greater uniformity in the See also:

• EXECUTION (from Lat. ex-sequor, exsecutus, follow or carry out)

execution of the laws throughout the several provinces . These reforms constitute an See also:

• EPOCH (Gr. E7roxij, holding in suspense, a pause, from E1rxav, to hold up, to stop)

epoch in the See also:

• HISTORY

history of See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French jurisprudence, and have placed the name of d'Aguesseau in the same See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank with those of L'H6pital and See also:

• LAMOIGNON

Lamoignon . As a See also:

• MAGISTRATE (Lat. magistratus, from magister, master, properly a public office, hence the person holding such an office)

magistrate also he was so conscientious that the duc de See also:

• SAINT (lat. sanctus, " holy ")

Saint-See also:

• SIMON, ABRAHAM (1622-1692)
• SIMON, JULES FRANCOIS (1814–1896)
• SIMON, RICHARD (1638–1712)
• SIMON, SIR JOHN (1816–1904)
• SIMON, THOMAS (c. 1623-1665)

Simon in his See also:

• MEMOIRS

Memoirs complained that he spent too much time over the cases that came before him . In 1750, when upwards of eighty-two years of age, d'Aguesseau retired from the duties without giving up the rank of chancellor . He died on the 9th of February of the following year .

His See also:

• GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson, HENRI CARDIN JEAN See also:

• BAPTISTE

BAPTISTE, See also:

• MARQUIS

MARQUIS D'AGUESSEAU (1746–1826), was See also:

• ADVOCATE (Lat. advocatus, from advocare, to summon, especially in law to call in the aid of a counsel or witness, and so generally to summon to one's assistance)

advocate-general in the parlement of Paris and See also:

• DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim, prune)

deputy in the Estates-General . Under the Consulate he became president of the court of See also:

• APPEAL

appeal and laterminister at See also:

• COPENHAGEN (Danish Kjobenhavn)

Copenhagen . He was elected to the French See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy in 1787 . Of d'Aguesseau's See also:

• WORKS

works the most See also:

• COMPLETE

complete edition is that of the eminent lawyer Jean See also:

• MARIE

Marie See also:

• PARDESSUS, JEAN MARIE (1772-1853)

Pardessus, published in 16 vols . (1818-182o) ; his letters were edited separately by See also:

• RIVES, WILLIAM CABELL (1793-1868)

Rives (1823) ; a selection of his works, tEuvres choisies, was issued, with a See also:

• BIOGRAPHICAL

biographical See also:

• NOTICE

notice, by E . Falconnet in 2 vols . (Paris, 1865) . The far greater See also:

• PART

part of his works relate to matters connected with his profession, but they also contain an elaborate See also:

• TREATISE

treatise on See also:

• MONEY

money ; several theological essays; a See also:

• LIFE

life of his father, which is interesting from the account which it gives of his own early See also:

• EDUCATION

education; and Metaphysical Meditations, written to prove that, independently of all See also:

• REVELATION, BOOK OF

revelation and all See also:

• POSITIVE (or PORTABLE) ORGAN

positive law, there is that in the constitution of the human mind which renders man a law to himself . See Boullee, Histoire de la See also:

• VIE

vie et See also:

• DES

des ouvrages du chancelier d'Aguesseau (Paris, 1835) ; Fr . See also:

• MONNIER, MARC (1827-1885)

Monnier, Le Chancelier d'Aguesseau (Paris, 186o; 2nd ed., 1863) ; See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles See also:

• BUTLER
• BUTLER (or BOTELER), SAMUEL (1612–168o)
• BUTLER (through the O. Fr. bouteillier, from the Late Lat. buticularius, buticula, a bottle)
• BUTLER, ALBAN (1710-1773)
• BUTLER, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN (1818-1893)
• BUTLER, CHARLES (1750–1832)
• BUTLER, GEORGE (1774-1853)
• BUTLER, JOSEPH (1692-1752)
• BUTLER, NICHOLAS MURRAY (1862– )
• BUTLER, SAMUEL (1774-1839)
• BUTLER, SAMUEL (1835-1902)
• BUTLER, SIR WILLIAM FRANCIS (1838– )
• BUTLER, WILLIAM ARCHER (1814-1848)

Butler, Mem. of Life of H . F. d'Aguesseau, &c . (183o) .