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AJAIGARH, or ADJYGURH

AJANTA (more properly AJUNTHA)

AJAX (Gr. Alas)

AJMERE, or AJMER

MARK AKENSIDE (1721-1770)

JOHN YONGE AKERMAN (1806-1873)

AKHALTSIKH (Georgian Akhaltsikhe, "new fortress")

AKHTAL [GxrYATH IBN IIA1uTa] (c. 64o-71o)

AKKA (TIKKI-TI%II)

AKKAD (Gr. versions apxat and hXab)

AKKERMAN (in old Slay. Byelgorod, "white town")

AKSU (White Water)

ALABASTER, or ARBLASTIER, WILLIAM (1567-1640)

ALACOQUE, or AL COQ, MARGUERITE MARIE (1647-1690)

ALAIN DE LILLE [Alanus de Insulis] (c. 1128-1202)

ALAMANNI, or ALEMANNI, LUIGI (1495-1556)

ALAMANNI, or ALLEMANNI

ALAMBAGH, or ALUMBAGH

BALTASAR ALAMOS DE BARRIENTOS (1555-1640)

ALANI (Gr. 'AXavoi, 'AAavvoi ; Chinese 'O-lan-na; since the 9th century A.U. they have been called As, Russ. Jasy, Georgian Ossi)

HERNANDO DE ALARCON

JUAN RUIZ DE ALARCON (1518 ?-1639)

PEDRO ANTONIO DE ALARCON (1833-1891)

JEAN DELPHIN ALARD (1815-1888)

ALARIC (Ala-reiks, " All-ruler "), (c. 370-410)

DON MIGUEL RICARDO DE ALAVA (1770-1843)

ALB (Lat. alba, from albus, white)

ALBA FUCENS (mod. Albe)

ALBANI, or ALBANO, FRANCESCO

DUKES OF ALBANY

COUNTESS OF LOUISE MAXIMILIENNE CAROLINE ALBANY (1752-1824)

ALBATEGNIUS (c. 850-929)

ALBATROSS (from the Port. Alcatraz, a pelican)

ALBEDO (from Lat. albus, white)

EARLS AND DUKES OF ALBEMARLE

GIULIO ALBERONI (1664-1752)

ALBERT (1490'1545)

ALBERT (149o-1568)

ALBERT (1522–1557)

ALBERT (FRANCIS CHARLES AUGUSTUS ALBERT EMMANUEL) (1819—1861)

ALBERT (FRIEDRICH RUDOLF ALBRECHT)

ALBERT EDWARD NYANZA

FREDERICK AUGUSTUS ALBERT

MADAME ALBERT (c. 2805—2846)

DOMENICO ALBERTI (c. 1710–1740)

LEONE BATTISTA ALBERTI (1404–1472)

MARIOTTO ALBERTINELLI (1474-1515)

ALBERTUS MAGNUS (ALBERT OF COLOGNE, ? 1206-I280)

ERASMUS ALBERUS (c. 1500-1553)

JAMES ALBERY (1838–1889)

ALBIAN (Fr. Albien, from Alba = Aube in France)

TOMASSO ALBINONI (c. 1674-c. 1745)

ALBINOVANUS PEDO

ALBINUS (originally WEISS), BERNHARD SIEGFRIED (1697—1770)

ALBION (in Ptolemy 'A)wviw; Lat. Albion, Pliny 4.16[301,102)

ALBOIN (d. 572 or 573)

MARIETTA ALBONI (1823-1894)

GIL ALVAREZ DE ALBORNOZ

JOHANN GEORG ALBRECHTSBERGER (1736–2849)

JACOB ALBRIGHT (1759-1808)

ALBUERA, or ALBUHERA, LA

ALBUFERA DE VALENCIA

ALBUM (Lat. albus, white)

ALBUMIN, or ALBUMEN (Lat. albus, white)

ALBUMINURIA (Physiological or Functional)

ALPHONSO ALBUQUERQUE

ALBURNUM (sapwood)

ALCAEUS (Ar earos)

ALCALA (Moorish al Kala, the " Fortress " or " Castle ")

ALCALA DE HENARES

ALCALDE (from the Arab. al-quadi, the " Cadi " or judge ")

ALCAVALA (Spanish, from Arab. al-quabalah, "tax," quabala, " to receive "; cf. Fr. gabelle)

ALCAZAR DE SAN JUAN, or ALCAZAR

ALCESTER [pronounced Auster]

BARON FREDERICK BEAUCHAMP PAGET SEYMOUR ALCESTER (1821-1895)

ALCESTIS (A1,CEST1s)

ANDREA ALCIATI (1492-1550)

ALCIBIADES (c. 450-404 B.c.)

ALCINOUS (ALKINoos)

PIETRO ALCIONIO

ALCMAN, or ALCMAEON (the former being the Doric form of the name)

JOHN ALCOCK (c. 1430–1500)

SIR RUTHERFORD ALCOCK (1809–1897)

MARIANNA ALCOFORADO (1640-1723)

ALCOHOL AND KETONE

ALDEHYDES AND ALCOHOLS

METHYL ALCOHOL BUTYL ALCOHOLS BENZYL ALCOHOL ALCOHOLS

AMOS BRONSON ALCOTT (1799-1888)

LOUISA MAY ALCOTT (1832-1888)

ALCOVE (through the Span. akova, from the Arab. al-, the, and quobbah, a vault)

ALCUIN (Marmara)

ALCYONE, or HALCYONE

ALDEBURGH [ALDjIOROUGH]

ALDEGREVER, or ALDEGRAF, HEINRICH (1502-1558)

ALDERMAN (from A.-S. ealdorman, compounded of the comparative degree of the adjective eald, old, and man)

ALDERNEY (Fr. Aurigny)

ALDHELM (c. 640-709)

GIOVANNI ALDINI (1762-1834)

ALDRED, or EALDRED (d. 1069)

HENRY ALDRICH (1647-1710)

NELSON WILMARTH ALDRICH (1841- )

THOMAS BAILEY ALDRICH (1836-1907)

ALDRINGER (ALTRINGER, ALDRINGEN), JOHANN

ULISSI ALDROVANDI (1522-1605)

GIROLAMO ALEANDRO (HIERONYMt S ALEANDER) (1480-1542)

COUNT ALEARDO ALEARDI (1812-1878)

ALECSANDRI, or ALEXANDR1, VASILE (1821-f89o)

ALECTORORNITHES

LOUIS ALEMAN (c. 1390-1450)

JEAN LE ROND ALEMBERT

ALEMBIC (Arab. al, definite article, anbiq, a still; cognate to the • Gr. agOtE, a cup)

ALEMTEJO (i.e. " Beyond the Tagus ")

GIULIO ALENIO (1582-1649)

ALEPPO (native Haleb)

ALES (ALEsIus), ALEXANDER (1500-1565)

ALESSANDRO ALESSANDRI

ALETHIOLOGY (from the Gr. aX170sta, truth)

ALETRIUM (mod. Alatri)

ALEURITES (Gr. a))evpirlr, pertaining to iiXevpov, ground meal, from aXeiv, to grind)

ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (possibly from Chukchi aliat, " island ")

ALEXANDER (1461-1506)

ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)

ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)

ALEXANDER BALAS (i.e. " lord ")

ALEXANDER CORNELIUS

ALEXANDER JANNAEUS

SAINT ALEXANDER NEVSKY (1220-1263)

ALEXANDER OF APHRODISIAS

ALEXANDER OF HALES (ALEXANDER HALENSIS)

ALEXANDER OF TRALLES (ALEXANDER TRALLIANUS)

ALEXANDER ROMANOVICH VORONTSOV (1741–1805)

ALEXANDER SEVERUS (MARcus AURELIUS SEVERUS ALEXANDER) (208-235)

ALEXANDER YPSILANTI (1792-1828)

ARCHIBALD ALEXANDER (1772—1851)

FRANCIS ALEXANDER (1800—1881)

GEORGE ALEXANDER (1858— )

JOHN WHITE ALEXANDER (1856- )

JOSEPH ADDISON ALEXANDER (18o9—186o)

SIR JAMES EDWARD ALEXANDER (1803—1885)

WILLIAM ALEXANDER (1824— )

WILLIAM LINDSAY ALEXANDER (1808—1884)

ALEXANDERS (botanical name, Smyrnium Olusatrum, natural order Umbelliferae)

NOEL ALEXANDRE (NATALIS ALEXANDER) (1639-1724)

ALEXANDRETTA, or ISKANDERUN (med. Scanderoon)

ALEXANDRIA (Arab. Iskenderia)

ALEXANDRIA TROAS (mod. Eski Stambul)

ALEXANDRIAN SCHOOL

ALEXANDRINE VERSE

ALEXANDROPOL, or ALEXANDRAPOL

PRINCE ALEXIS FEDOROVICH ORLOV (1787–1862)

COUNT ALEXIS GRIGORIEVICH ORLOV (1737-1808)

ALEXIS GUIGNARD

WILLIBALD ALEXIS

ALEXIUS MIKHAILOVICH (1629-1676)

ALEXIUS PETROVICH (169o-1718)

DOMENICO ALFANI

COUNT VITTORIO ALFIERI (1749-1803)

HENRY ALFORD (1810–1871)

ALFRED ERNEST ALBERT

ALFUROS (ALFURES, HORAFORAS)

ALESSANDRO ALGARDI (1602-1654)

POWDER OF ALGAROTH

COUNT FRANCESCO ALGAROTTI (1712-1764)

ALGARVE, or ALGARVES

ALGAU, or ALLGAU

ALGEBRA (from the Arab. al-jebr wa'l-mugabala, transposition and removal [of terms of an equation], the name of a treatise by Mahommed ben Musa al-Khwarizmi)

ALGEBRAIC FORMS

ALGECIRAS, or ALGEZIRAS

ALGER OF LIEGE (d C. 1131)

RUSSELL ALEXANDER ALGER (1836-1907)

ALGERIA (Algerie)

ALGIERS (Fr. Alger, Arab. Jezair, i.e. The Islands)

ALGONQUIN, or ALGONKIN (a word formerly regarded as a Fjench contraction of Algomequin, " those on the other side " of the river, viz. the St Lawrence, but now believed to be from the Micmac algoomaking—" at the place of spearing fish ")

ALGUM, or ALMUG TREE

ALHAMA DE GRANADA

ALHAZEN (ABU ALI AL-HASAN IBN ALHASAN)

ALIAS (Lat. for " at another time ")

ALIBI (Lat. for "elsewhere")

ALICE MAUD MARY

ALIDADE (from the Arab.)

ALIEN (Lat. alienus)

ALIENATION (from Lat. alienus, belonging to another)

ALIENIST (Lat. alienus, that which belongs to another, i.e. is external to one's self)

ALIGNMENT (from Fr. d and ligne, the Lat. Linea, a line)

ALIMENT (from Lat. aliment-um, from alere to nourish)

ALIMENTARY CANAL

ALIMONY (from Lat. alere, to nourish)

OSCAR JOSEF ALIN (1846-1900)

ALIQUOT (a Lat. word meaning " some," " so many ")

ALISMACEAE (from the Gr. a us,aa, a water-plant.mentioned by Dioscorides)

ARCHIBALD ALISON (1757-1839)

ALKAHEST (a pseudo-Arabic word believed to have been invented by Paracclsus)

ALKALI MANUFACTURE

ALKALINE EARTHS

CHARLES HENRI VALENTIN MORHANGE ALKAN (1813-1888)

ALKANET (dim. from Span. alcana, Arab. al-henna=henna, Egyptian privet, or Lawsonia inermis)

FESTIVAL OF ALL SAINTS (Festum omnium sanctorum)

LEONE [LEO ALLATIUS] ALLACCI (1586-1669)

DAVID ALLAN (1744–1796)

SIR HUGH ALLAN (1810–1882)

SIR WILLIAM ALLAN (1782–1850)

C4H6N4O3 ALLANTOIN

ALLEGHANY, or THE ALLEGHANIES (a spelling now more common than Allegheny)

ALLEGIANCE (Mid. Eng. ligeaunce; med. Lat. ligeantia, &c.; the al- was probably added through confusion with another legal term, allegeance, an allegation; the Fr. allegeance comes from the English; the word is formed from " liege," of which the derivatio

ALLEGORY (iXXos, other, and ayopeuav, to speak)

GREGORIO ALLEGRI

ALLEGRO (an Italian word, meaning " cheerful," as in Milton's poem)

JOSEPH ALLEINE (1634-1668)

RICHARD ALLEINE (1611-1681)

ALLEMANDE (Fr. for danse allemande, or German dance)

ALLEN ALEXANDER

ETHAN ALLEN (1739–1789)

GRANT CHARLES GRANT BLAIRFINDIEI ALLEN (1848–1899)

JAMES LANE ALLEN (1850– )

JOHN ALLEN (1476–1534)

WILLIAM ALLEN (1532-1594)

WILLIAM FRANCIS ALLEN (183o-1889)

ALLEN, or ALLEYN, THOMAS (1542-1632)

ALLEPPI, or AULAPALAY

ALLESTREE, or ALLESTRY, RICHARD (1619-1681)

ALLEY (from the Fr. allee, a walk)

EDWARD ALLEYN (1566-1626)

ALLIA (mod. Fosso Bettina)

PIERRE ALLIA (1641-1717)

ALLIARIA OFFICINALIS

SAMUEL AUSTIN ALLIBONE (1816-1889)

ALLIER (anc. Slaver)

THOMAS WILLIAM ALLIES (1813-1903)

ALLIFAE (mod. Alife)

ALLIGATOR (Spanish el lagarto, " the lizard ")

WILLIAM ALLINGHAM (1824-1889)

WILLIAM BOYD ALLISON (1829-1908)

ALLITERATION (from Lat. ad, to, and littera, letter)

ALLIUM (Lat. for " garlic ")

GEORGE JAMES ALLMAN (1812-1898)

ALLOBROGES (in Gr. usually 'AXX6j3peryes)

ALLOCATUR (from med. Lat. allocatur, it is allowed)

ALLOCUTION (Lat. allocutio, an address)

ALLOMEROUS (Gr. (IX ?kris; other µEpos, part)

HENRY ALLON (1818-1892)

ALLONGE (from Fr. allonger, to draw out)

ALESSANDRO ALLORI (1535—1607)

ALLOTMENT (from O. Fr. a and toter, to divide by lot)

ALLOTMENTS AND SMALL HOLDINGS

ALLOTROPY (Gr. liXXor, other, and rpo7ros, manner)

ALLOWANCE (from "allow,' derived through 0. Fr. alouer from the two Lat. origins adlaudare, to praise, and allocare, to assign a place; so that the English word combined the general idea of "assigning with approval")

C8H4N407 ALLOXANTIN

ALLOYS (through the Fr. aloyer, from Lat. alligare, to combine)

SAMUEL ALLPORT (1816–1897)

SIR JAMES JOSEPH ALLPORT (1811-1892)

WASHINGTON ALLSTON (1779-1843)

ALLUVION (Lat. alluvio, washing against)

C3H5OH ALLYL ALCOHOL