ALBUQUERQUE  , a

city and the county-seat of Bernalii'.o county, New Mexico, U . S . A., situated in the central part of the state, about 325 M . S. by W. of Denver, on the E. bank of the Rio Grande, at an altitude of 4950 ft . Pop . (ago) 3785; (1900) 6238 (956 foreign-born and 226 negroes); (1910 census) 11,020 . In 190o Albuquerque was the largest city in New Mexico . It is the connecting point of two main lines of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe railway system . A short distance E. of the city is the university of New Mexico, under state control, founded in 1889 and opened in 1892; in 1908 it had a college of letters and science, a school of engineering, a school of education, a preparatory school and a commercial school . Albuquerque is also the seat of the Harwood Industrial School (Methodist) for Mexican girls, of the Menaul Mission School (Presbyterian) for Mexican boys, and of a government Indian training school (1881) for boys and girls . The city has a public library . The excellent climate has given Albuquerque and the surrounding country a reputation as a health resort .

The city is an important railway centre, has extensive railway repair shops and stock-yards, and exports large quantities of live-stock, hides and

wool . The largest industrial establishment is the American Lumber Company's plant, including a saw-mill, a sash, door and blind factory and a box factory . The timber used, chiefly white pine, is obtained from the Zuni mountains . The city-has also flour and woollen mills, breweries and ice factories . The old Spanish town of Albuquerque (pop. in 1900 about 1200) lies about 1 m . W. of the present city; it was founded in 1706, and was named in honour of the duke of Albuquerque, viceroy of New Spain from 1702 to 1710 . During the Civil War it was occupied, late in February 1862, by Confederate troops under General Henry Hopkins Sibley (1816-1886), who soon afterwards advanced with his main body into northern New Mexico . In his retreat back into Texas he made a stand on the 8th of April 1862 at Albuquerque, where during the whole day there was a fight at long range and with few casualties against a detachment of Union soldiers commanded, by Colonel Edward R . S . Canby (1819-1873) . The modern city dates its origin from the completion of the first railway to Albuquerque in 1880 .