See also:

• ALCAVALA (Spanish, from Arab. al-quabalah, "tax," quabala, " to receive "; cf. Fr. gabelle)

ALCAVALA (See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish, from Arab. al-quabalah, "tax," quabala, " to receive "; cf. Fr. See also:

• GABELLE (French, from the Med. Lat. gabulum, gablum, a tax, for the origin of which see GAVELKIND)

gabelle)  , a See also:

• DUTY (from " due," that which is owing, O. Fr. deu, dil, past participle of devoir; Lat. debere, debitum; cf. " debt ")

duty formerly charged in See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain and its colonies on all transfers of See also:

• PROPERTY

property, whether public or private . Originally imposed in 1341 by See also:

• ALPHONSO

Alphonso XI. to secure freedom from the See also:

• MOORS (Lat. Mauri; Gr. Mavpot, dark men)
• MOORS, KABYLES, MZABITES

Moors, it was an ad valorem tax of 1o, increased afterwards to 14%, on the selling See also:

• PRICE
• PRICE, BARTHOLOMEW (1818–1898)
• PRICE, BONAMY (1807-1888)
• PRICE, RICHARD (1723-1791)

price of all commodities, whether raw or manufactured, chargeable as often as they were sold or exchanged . It subjected every See also:

• FARMER, RICHARD (1735–1787)

farmer, manufacturer, See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant and shopkeeper to the continual visits and examination of the tax-gatherers, whose number was necessarily very See also:

• GREAT

great . This monstrous See also:

• IMPOST (through the O. Fr. from Lat. impositum, a thing laid upon another; the modern French is impot)

impost was permitted to ruin the See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry and See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

commerce of the greater See also:

• PART

part of the See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom up to the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of the invasion of See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon . See also:

• CATALONIA (Cataluna)

Catalonia and See also:

• ARAGON, or ARRAGON (in Span. Aragon)

Aragon See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased from See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip V. an exemption from the See also:

• ALCAVALA (Spanish, from Arab. al-quabalah, "tax," quabala, " to receive "; cf. Fr. gabelle)

alcavala, and, though still burdened with other heavy taxes, were in consequence in a comparatively flourishing See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state .