ALDBOROUGH  , a

village in the Ripon parliamentary division of the West Riding of Yorkshire, England, 16 m . W.N.W. of York, and 1 m . E. of the market town of Boroughbridge, which has a station on a branch of the North-Eastern railway . Aldborough formerly returned two members to parliament, but was disfranchised by the Reform Act of 1832 . The place is remarkable from its numerous ancient remains . It was the Isurium Brigantum of the Romans, originally perhaps a capital of the Brigantes tribe, and afterwards a Romano-British town of considerable size . Inscriptions, beautiful mosaics and other traces of comfortable houses have been found, with many potsherds, coins and bronze, iron and other objects; and a large part of the town walls, several mosaics and parts of buildings, can be seen.' A fine collection is kept in the Museum Isurianum in the grounds, of The aldehydes may be prepared by the careful oxidation of primary alcohols with a mixture of potassium dichromate and sulphuric acid,—3R•CH2OH+K2Cr207+4H2S03=K2S0,+ Cr2(SO.03+7H2O+3R•CHO; by distilling the calcium salts of the fatty acids with calcium formate; and by hydrolysis of the acetals . L . Bouveault (Bull. sac. shim., 1904 [31,31,p.1306) prepares aldehydes by the gradual addition of 'disubstituted formamides (dissolved in anhydrous ether) to magnesium alkyl haloids, the best yields being obtained by the use of diethyl formamide . Secondary reactions take place at the same time, yielding more particularly hydrocarbons of the paraffin series . G . Darzens (Comptes Rendus, 1904, 139, p .

1214) prepares.

esters of disubstituted glycidic acids, by condensing the corresponding ketone with monochloracetic ester, in the presence of sodium ethylate . These esters on hydrolysis yield the free acids, which readily decompose, with loss of carbon dioxide and formation of an aldehyde, the manor-house .