ALESSANDRIA  , a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city and episcopal see of See also:

• PIEDMONT (Ital. Piemonte; Low Lat. Pedemons and Pedemontium)

Piedmont, See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of a See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province which bears its name, situated on the See also:

• RIVER

river Tanaro, 57 M . E. by S. of See also:

• TURIN

Turin by See also:

• RAIL

rail . Pop . (1901) 71,298, of which about See also:

• HALF

half reside in the actual See also:

• TOWN

town: the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest are distributed over the suburbs . Alessandria was founded in 1168 by the inhabitants of the See also:

• DISTRICT

district in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to defend themselves against the See also:

• MARQUIS

marquis of Monferrato and the town of See also:

• PAVIA (anc. Ticinum, q.v.)

Pavia, at whose See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request it was besieged in 1174 by See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick See also:

• BARBAROSSA ("Redbeard")

Barbarossa for six months, but without success . The Lombard See also:

• LEAGUE

League now included it among the allied cities and named it Alessandria, after See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

Pope See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander III . The traditional See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of its See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation by the Lombard League has been disproved by F . See also:

• GRAF, ARTURO (1848– )
• GRAF, KARL HEINRICH (1815–1869)

Graf, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Griindung Alessandrias: ein Britrag zur Geschichte See also:

• DES

des Lombarden.bundes (1888) . After falling into various hands, it was ceded to See also:

• SAVOY, HOUSE
• SAVOY, HOUSE OF

Savoy by the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace of See also:

• UTRECHT
• UTRECHT, TREATY OF

Utrecht in 1713, and itskcitadel was begun in 1728 . During the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French occupation (1800-1814), which began after the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• MARENGO

Marengo, it was still more strongly fortified; the See also:

• WORKS

works were entirely destroyed by the Austrians in 1815, but were afterwards reconstructed, and Alessandria is still an important fortress and the headquarters of the second See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps . The citadel is on the See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• BANK

bank of the Tanaro, the town being on the right bank . It is regularly built and contains few buildings of architectural See also:

• INTEREST

interest, but is a flourishing and important commercial town, not merely owing to its own manufactures (which are See also:

• MISCELLANEOUS

miscellaneous) but for the products of the district, and one of the greatest railway centres in Italy .

Lines diverge from it to Turin via See also:

• ASTI (anc. Hasta)

Asti, to Valenza (and thence to See also:

• VERCELLI (anc. Vercellae)

Vercelli, See also:

• MORTARA

Mortara—for See also:

• NOVARA

Novara or See also:

• MILAN
• MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

Milan—and Pavia), to See also:

• TORTONA (anc. Dertona)

Tortona, to Novi, ;.o See also:

• ACQUI

Acqui and to Bra .