ALGHERO  , a seaport and episcopal see on the W.

coast of Sardinia, in the province of Sassari, 21 M . S.S.W. by rail from the town of Sassari . Pop . (1901) 10,779 . The see was founded in 1503, but the cathedral itself dates from the 12th century,though it has been reconstructed . The town was strongly fortified by medieval walls, which have to some extent been demolished . It was originally founded by the Doria family of Genoa about 1102, but was occupied by the house of Aragon in 1354, who held it successfully against various attacks until it fell to the house of Savoy with the rest of Sardinia in 1720 . Catalonian is still spoken here . Charles V. visited Alghero on his way to Africa in 1541 . The coral and fishing industries are the most important in Alghero, but agriculture has made some progress in the district, which produces good wine . There is a large penal establishment containing over 700 convicts . Seven miles to the W.N.W. is the fine natural harbour of Porto Conte, secure in all weather, and on the W. of this harbour is the Capo Caccia, with two stalactite grottos, the finest of which, the Grotta di Nettuno, is accessible only from the sea .

The important prehistoric

necropolis of Anghelu Ruju was excavated in 1904 61 m . N. of Alghero (Notizie degli Scavi, 1904, 301 seq.) .