Online Encyclopedia

ALMERIA

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V01, Page 714 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ALMERIA  , the

capital of the province of Almeria, and one of the
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principal seaports on the Mediterranean coast of
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southern Spain; in 36° 5' N. and 20 32' W.,,on the
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river Almeria, at its outflow into the Gulf of Almeria, and at the
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terminus of a railway from
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Madrid . Pop . (1900) 47,326 . The city occupies
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part of a rich alluvial valley enclosed by hills . It is an episcopal see, and possesses a
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Gothic
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cathedral, dating from 1524, and constructed with massive embattled walls and belfry so as to resemble a fortress . A dismantled castle, the
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Castillo de
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San Cristobal, overlooks the city, which contains four Moorish towers rising conspicuously above its
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modern streets . Two long piers shelter the harbour, and vessels
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drawing 25 ft. can lie against the quays . About 1400
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ships, of nearly 1,000,000 tons, enter the
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port every
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year, bringing fuel and
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timber, and taking cargoes of iron, lead, esparto and fruit . White grapes are exported in very large quantities . Under its ancient name of Urci, Almeria was one of the chief
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Spanish harbours after the final
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conquest of Spain by the Romans in 19 B.C . It reached the
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summit of its prosperity in the
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middle ages, as the foremost seaport of the Moorish
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kingdom of Granada . At this time its population numbered 150,000; its cruisers preyed upon the fleets of the neighbouring Christian states; and its merchant ships traded with countries as distant as
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Egypt and
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Syria .

Almeria was captured in 1147 by

King
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Alphonso VII. of Castile and his Genoese troops, but speedily retaken and held by the Moors until 1489, when it was finally secured by the Spaniards . See D . F . Margall, Almeria, (
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Barcelona, 1886) .

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