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ALPHORN See also: horn of conical See also: bore, having. a cup-shaped mouthpiece, used by mountaineers in See also: Switzerland and elsewhere
.
The See also: tube is made of thin strips of birchwood soaked in See also: water until they have become quite pliable; they are then wound into a tube of conical See also: form from 4 to 8 ft. long, and neatly covered with bark
.
A cup-shaped mouthpiece carved out of a See also: block of hard See also: wood is added and the instrument is See also: complete
.
The See also: alpenhorn has no lateral openings and therefore gives the pure natural See also: harmonic series of the open See also: pipe
.
The harmonics are the more readily obtained by reason of the small diameter of the bore in relation to the length
.
An alpenhorn made,at Rigi-See also: Kulm, Schwytz, and now in the See also: South See also: Kensington Museum, See also: measures 8 ft. in length and has a straight tube
.
The well-known Ranz See also: des Vaches is the traditional melody of the alpenhorn, which has been immortalized by See also: Beethoven in the See also: finale of the Pastoral See also: Symphony, where the See also: music is generally rendered by a See also: cor anglais (q.v.)
.
Rossini has introduced the melody into his See also: opera See also: William Tell
.
Wagner, in the third
See also: act of See also: Tristan and Isolde, was not entirely satisfied with the See also: tone quality of the cor anglais for representing the natural pipe of the peasant
.
Having in his mind the timbre of the alpenhorn, he had a wooden horn made for him with one valve only and a small See also: pear-shaped See also: bell, which is used at See also: Bayreuth (see See also: HOLZTROMPETE)
.
The Swiss alpenhorn varies in shape according to the locality, being curved near the bell in the Bernese Oberland
.
Michael See also: Praetorius mentions the alpenhorn under the name of holzern trummet in Syntagma Musicum (See also: Wittenberg, 1615-1619)
.
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