ALTON  , a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of See also:

• MADISON
• MADISON, JAMES (1751–1836)

Madison See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county, See also:

• ILLINOIS

Illinois, U.S.A., in the W. See also:

• PART

part of the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state, on the See also:

• MISSISSIPPI

Mississippi See also:

• RIVER

river, about 10 m. above the mouth of the See also:

• MISSOURI

Missouri, and about 25 M . N. of St See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis, Missouri . Pop . (1890) 10,294; (1900) 14,210, of whom 1638 were See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign-See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born; (1910) 17,528 . Alton is served by the See also:

• CHICAGO
• CHICAGO, UNIVERSITY OF

Chicago & Alton, the Chicago, See also:

• PEORIA

Peoria & St Louis, the Cleve-See also:

• LAND

land, See also:

• CINCINNATI

Cincinnati, Chicago & St Louis, and the Illinois Terminal See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways . The river is here spanned by a See also:

• BRIDGE

bridge . The residential portion of the city lies on the river bluffs, some of which rise to a height of 250 ft. above the See also:

• WATER

water level, and the business streets are on the bottom lands of the river . Alton has a public library and a public See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

park . Upper Alton (pop . 2918 in 1910), about r1 m . N.E. of Alton, is the seat of the Western Military See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy (founded in 1879 as Wyman See also:

• INSTITUTE (from Lat. instituere, to establish or set up)

Institute; chartered in 1892), and of Shurtleff See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College (Baptist, founded in 1827 at See also:

• ROCK
• ROCK (O.Fr. rake, Sp. rota, Ital. rocca; possibly from a Lat. form rupica, from rupes, rock)
• ROCK, DANIEL (1799–187t)

Rock See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

Spring, removed to Upper Alton in 1831, and chartered in 1833), which has a college of liberal arts, a divinity school, an academy and a school of See also:

• MUSIC

music; and the See also:

• VILLAGE

village of See also:

• GODFREY, SIR EDMUND BERRY (1621-1678)

Godfrey, 5, M . N. of Alton, is the seat of the Monticello Ladies' See also:

• SEMINARY (Lat. seminarium, from semen, seed)

Seminary, founded by See also:

• BENJAMIN
• BENJAMIN, JUDAHPHILIP (1811-1884)

Benjamin Godfrey, opened in 1838, and chartered in 1841 .

Among the manufactures of Alton are See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron and See also:

• GLASS
• GLASS (O.E. glees, cf. Ger. Glas, perhaps derived from an old Teutonic root gla-, a variant of glo-, having the general sense of shining, cf. " glare," " glow ")
• GLASS, STAINED

glass See also:

• WARE

ware, miners' tools, shovels, See also:

• COAL

coal-mine cars, See also:

• FLOUR

flour, and agricultural implements; and there are a large oil refinery and a large See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead smelter . The value of the city's factory products increased from $4,250,389 in 1900 to $8,696,814 in 1905, or 104.6 %: The first See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement on the site of Alton was made in 1807, when a trading See also:

• POST

post was established by the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French . The See also:

• TOWN

town was laid out in 1817, was first incorporated in 1821, and in 1827 was made the seat of a state See also:

• PENITENTIARY (med. Lat. poenitentiarius, from poenitentia, penance, poena, punishment, a term used both as adjective and substantive, referring either to the means of repentance or that of punishment. In its ecclesiastical use the word is used as the equi

penitentiary, which was later removed to See also:

• JOLIET

Joliet, the last prisoners being transferred in 186o . Alton was first chartered as a city in 1837 . In 1836 the Rev . See also:

• ELIJAH (a Hebrew name meaning " Yah[weh] is God ")

Elijah P . Lovejoy (1802-1837), a native of See also:

• ALBION
• ALBION (in Ptolemy 'A)wviw; Lat. Albion, Pliny 4.16[301,102)

Albion, See also:

• MAINE
• MAINE, ANNE LOUISE BENEDICTE DE BOURBON
• MAINE, SIR HENRY JAMES SUMNER (1822–1888)

Maine, removed the Observer, a religious (Presbyterian) periodical of which he was the editor, from St Louis to Alton . He had attracted considerable See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention in St Louis by his criticisms of See also:

• SLAVERY

slavery, but though he believed in emancipation, he was not a See also:

• RADICAL (Lat. radix, a root)

radical abolitionist . After coming to Alton his See also:

• ANTI, or CAMPA

anti-slavery views soon became more radical, and in a few months he was an avowed abolitionist . His views were shared by his See also:

• BROTHER

brother, See also:

• OWEN, JOHN (1616-1683)
• OWEN, JOHN [OVENUS Or AUDOENUS] (c. 1560-1622)
• OWEN, ROBERT (1771-1858)
• OWEN, SIR HUGH (1804-1881)
• OWEN, SIR RICHARD (1804–1892)

Owen Lovejoy (181r-1864), a Congregational See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister, who also at that See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time lived in Alton, and who from 1857 until his See also:

• DEATH

death was an able anti-slavery member of See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

Congress . Most of the See also:

• PEOPLE

people of See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern Illinois were in sympathy with slavery, and consequently the Lovejoys became very unpopular . The See also:

• PRESS (through Fr. presse from Lat. pressare, frequentative of premere, to crush, squeeze, press)

press of the Observer was three time destroyed, and on the 7th of .

See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1837 E . P . Lovejoy was killed while attempting to defend against a See also:

• MOB

mob a See also:

• FOURTH

fourth press which he had recently obtained and which was stored in a warehouse in Alton . His death caused intense excitement throughout the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, and he was everywhere regarded by abolitionists as a See also:

• MARTYR (Gr. pimp or µaprvs)

martyr to their cause . In 1897 a See also:

• MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

monument, a See also:

• GRANITE (adapted from the Ital. granite, grained; Lat. granum, grain)

granite See also:

• COLUMN (Lat. columna)

column surmounted by a See also:

• BRONZE

bronze statue of Victory, was erected in his See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour by the citizens of Alton and by the state . See See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry See also:

• TANNER, HENRY OSSAWA (1859- )
• TANNER, THOMAS (1674-1735)

Tanner, The Martyrdom of Lovejoy (Chicago, 1.881), and " The Alton Tragedy " in S . J . May's Some Recollections of Our Anti-Slavery Conflict (See also:

• BOSTON
• BOSTON, THOMAS (1676-1732)

Boston, 1869) .