See also:

• ANAGRAM (Gr. ava, back, and ypa(beiv, to write)

ANAGRAM (Gr. See also:

• AVA

ava, back, and ypa(beiv, to write)  , the result of transposing the letters of a word or words in such a manner as to produce other words that possess meaning . The construction of anagrams is an amusement of See also:

• GREAT

great antiquity, its invention being ascribed without authority to the See also:

• JEWS
• JEWS (Heb. Y8hudi, man of Judah; Gr. 'Iovbaiot; Lat. Judaei)

Jews, probably because the later See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew writers, particularly the Kabbalists, were fond of it, asserting that " See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret mysteries are See also:

• WOVEN

woven in the See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers of letters." Anagrams were known to the Greeks and also to the See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans, although the known Latin examples of words of more than one syllable are nearly all imperfect . They were popular throughout See also:

• EUROPE

Europe during the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle ages and later, particularly in See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, where a certain See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas Billon was appointed " anagrammatist to the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king " by See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XIII . W . See also:

• CAMDEN
• CAMDEN, CHARLES PRATT, 1ST EARL (1714-1794)
• CAMDEN, JOHN JEFFREYS PRATT, 2ND EARL
• CAMDEN, WILLIAM (1551-1623)

Camden (Remains, ,7th ed., 1674) defines " Anagrammatisme " as " a See also:

• DISSOLUTION (from Lat. dissolvere, to break up into parts)

dissolution of a name truly written into his letters, as his elements, and a new connection of it by artificial transposition, without addition, subtraction or See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change of any See also:

• LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter, into different words, making some perfect sence applyable to the See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person named." See also:

• DRYDEN, JOHN (1631-1700)

Dryden disdainfully called the pastime the " torturing of one poor word ten thousand ways," but many men and See also:

• WOMEN

women of See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note have found amusement in it . A well-known See also:

• ANAGRAM (Gr. ava, back, and ypa(beiv, to write)

anagram is the change of See also:

• AVE, or FIRN

Ave Maria, gratia plena, See also:

• DOMINUS (from an Indo-European root dam-, cf. Gr. Sapav, to subdue, and Eng. " tame ")

Dominus tecum into See also:

• VIRGO (" the Virgin ")

Virgo See also:

• SERENA, or LA SERENA

serena, pia, munda et immaculata . Among others are the anagrammatic See also:

• ANSWER (derived from and, against, and the same root as swear)

answer to See also:

• PILATE, PONTIUS

Pilate's question, "Quid est veritas ? "—namely, " Esp. vir qui adest "; and the transposition of " Horatio See also:

• NELSON
• NELSON, HORATIO NELSON, VISCOUNT (1758-1805)
• NELSON, ROBERT (s656-1715)

Nelson !' into " Honor est a See also:

• NILE
• NILE, BATTLE OF THE
• NILE, SOBAT

Nile "; and of " See also:

• FLORENCE
• FLORENCE (Ital. Firenze, Lat. Florentia)

Florence See also:

• NIGHTINGALE (O. Eng. Nihtegale, literally " singer of the night ")
• NIGHTINGALE, FLORENCE (1820–191o)

Nightingale " into " Flit on, See also:

• CHEERING

cheering See also:

• ANGEL

angel." See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James I.'s courtiers discovered in " James See also:

• STUART, ARABELLA (1575-1615)
• STUART, GILBERT (1755-x828)
• STUART, JAMES EWELL BROWN (1833-1864)
• STUART, JOHN
• STUART, MOSES (1780-1852)
• STUART, SIR JOHN, COUNT

Stuart " " A just See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master," and converted " See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles James Stuart " into " Claimes See also:

• ARTHUR (Fr. Arius)
• ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN (1830 – 1886)

Arthur's seat." " Eleanor Audeley," wife of See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• DAVIES (DAvIslus), JOHN (1679-1732)
• DAVIES, DAVID CHARLES (1826-1891)
• DAVIES, RICHARD (c. 1505—1581)
• DAVIES, SIR JOHN (1569-1626)
• DAVIES, SIR LOUIS HENRY (1845— )

Davies, is said to have been brought before the High See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

Commission in 1634 for extravagances, stimulated by the See also:

• DISCOVERY

discovery that her name could be transposed to " Reveale, 0 See also:

• DANIEL
• DANIEL (DANIL)
• DANIEL, BOOK
• DANIEL, GABRIEL (1649-1728)

Daniel," and to have been laughed out of See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court by another anagram submitted by the See also:

• DEAN (Lat. decanus, derived from the Gr. 8eaa, ten)
• DEAN, FOREST OF

dean of the See also:

• ARCHES, COURT OF

Arches, " See also:

• DAME
• DAME (through the Fr. from Lat. domina, mistress, lady, the feminine of dominus, master, lord)

Dame Eleanor Davies," " Never soe mad a ladie." There must be few names that could furnish so many anagrams as that of " See also:

• AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

Augustus de See also:

• MORGAN
• MORGAN, DANIEL (1736-1802)
• MORGAN, EDWIN DENNISON (1811-1883)
• MORGAN, JOHN HUNT (1825-1864)
• MORGAN, JOHN PIERPONT (1837–1913)
• MORGAN, LEWIS HENRY (1818-1881)
• MORGAN, SYDNEY, LADY (c. 1783-1859)
• MORGAN, THOMAS (d. 1743)

Morgan," who tells that a friend had constructed about 800 on his name, specimens of which are given in his See also:

• BUDGET (originally from a Gallic word meaning sack, latinized as bulga, leather wallet or bag, thence in O. Fr. bougette, from which the Eng. form is derived)

Budget of Paradoxes, p . 82 . The pseudonyms adopted by authors are often transposed forms, more or less exact, of their names; thus " Calvinus becomes " Alcuinus "; " See also:

• FRANCOIS (1558-1614)

Francois See also:

• RABELAIS, FRANCOIS (c. 1490—1553)

Rabelais," " Alcofribas Nasier "; " See also:

• BRYAN, WILLIAM JENNINGS (186o– )

Bryan See also:

• WALLER, EDMUND (1606-1687)
• WALLER, LEWIS (186o- )
• WALLER, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1597-1668)

Waller See also:

• PROCTOR
• PROCTOR, ALEXANDER PHIMISTER (1862– )
• PROCTOR, RICHARD ANTHONY (1837-1888)

Proctor," " See also:

• BARRY
• BARRY, ELIZABETH (1658—1713)
• BARRY, JAMES (1741—1806)
• BARRY, SIR CHARLES (1795-1860)
• BARRY, SIR REDMOND (1813-188o)
• BARRY, SPRANGER (1719-1777)

Barry See also:

• CORNWALL

Cornwall, poet "; See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry See also:

• ROGERS, HENRY DARWIN (18o8—1866)
• ROGERS, JAMES EDWIN THOROLD (1823-1890)
• ROGERS, JOHN (1627–c. 1665)
• ROGERS, JOHN (1829-1904)
• ROGERS, JOHN (c. 1500-1555)
• ROGERS, ROBERT (1727-1784?)
• ROGERS, S
• ROGERS, SAMUEL (1763-1855)
• ROGERS, WILLIAM (1819-1896)

Rogers," " R . E . H .

Greyson," &c . It is to be noted that the last two are impure anagrams, an " r " being See also:

• LEFT

left out in both cases . " Telliamed," a See also:

• SIMPLE

simple reversal, is the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of a well-known See also:

• WORK

work by " De Maillet." The most remarkable See also:

• PSEUDONYM (Gr. >l ev&,vuµos, having a false name, ¢Evirls, false and ovoµa, name)

pseudonym of this class is the name " See also:

• VOLTAIRE, FRANCOIS MARIE AROUET DE (1694–1778)

Voltaire," which the celebrated philosopher assumed instead of his See also:

• FAMILY

family name, " Francois See also:

• MARIE

Marie Arouet," and which is now generally allowed to be an anagram of " Arouet, l.j.," that is, Arouet the younger . Perhaps the only See also:

• PRACTICAL

practical use to which anagrams have been turned is to be found in the transpositions in which some of the astronomers of the 17th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century embodied their discoveries with the See also:

• DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

design apparently of avoiding the See also:

• RISK

risk that, while they were engaged in further verification, the See also:

• CREDIT (Lat. credere, to believe)

credit of what they had found out might be claimed by others . Thus Galileo announced his discovery that See also:

• VENUS

Venus had phases like the See also:

• MOON (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maan, Dan. maane, &c., and cognate with such Indo-Germanic forms as Gr. µlip, Sans. ma's, Irish mi, &c.; Lat. uses luna, i.e. lucna, the shining one, lucere, to shine, for the moon, but preserves the word i
• MOON, SIR RICHARD, 1ST BARONET (1814-1899)

moon in the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form, "Haec immatura a me jam frustra leguntur—oy," that is, " Cynthiae figuras aemulatur Mater Amorum." Another See also:

• SPECIES

species of anagram, called " See also:

• PALINDROME (Gr. 7raXty, again, and Spbµos, a course)

palindrome " (Gr . 7raXiv, back, and bpb,uos, See also:

• RUNNING

running), is a word or See also:

• SENTENCE (Lat. sententia, a way of thinking, opinion, judgment; vote, sentire, to feel, think)

sentence which may be read backwards as well as forwards, letter by letter, while pre-serving the same meaning; for example, the words " See also:

• ANNA
• ANNA (Hindustani ana)
• ANNA, BALDASARRE

Anna," "See also:

• NOON

noon," " tenet," or the sentence with which See also:

• ADAM
• ADAM (or ADAN) DE LE HALE (died c. 1288)
• ADAM, ALEXANDER (1741–1809)
• ADAM, JULIETTE (1836– )
• ADAM, LAMBERT SIGISBERT (1700-1759)
• ADAM, MELCHIOR (d. 1622)
• ADAM, PAUL (1862– )
• ADAM, ROBERT (1728—1792)
• ADAM, SIR FREDERICK (1781-1853)
• ADAM, WILLIAM (1751-1839)

Adam is humorously supposed to have greeted See also:

• EVE

Eve: "Madam, I'm Adam!" A still more complicated variety is the " logogram " (Gr. koyos, word), a versified puzzi'a containing several words derived from recombining the letters of the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original word, the difficulty lying in the fact that synonyms of the derived words may be used .