|
See also: ancient city of See also: Galatia in See also: Asia Minor, situated on a tributary of the Sangarius
.
Originally a large and prosperous Phrygian city on the Persian Royal Road, See also: Ancyra became the centre of the Tectosages, one of the three
Gaulish tribes that settled permanently in Galatia about 232 B.C
.
The See also: barbarian occupation dislocated See also: civilization, and the See also: town sank to a See also: mere See also: village inhabited chiefly by the old native population who carried on the arts and crafts of peaceful See also: life, while the Gauls devoted themselves to war and pastoral life (see GALATIA)
.
In 189 B.C
.
Ancyra was occupied by Cn
.
See also: Manlius Vulso, who made it his headquarters in his operations against the tribe
.
In 63 B.C
.
See also: Pompey placed it (together with the Tectosagan territory) under one chief, and it continued under native See also: rule till it became the capital of the See also: Roman province of Galatia in 25 B.C
.
By this See also: time the population included Greeks, Jews, See also: Romans and Romanized Gauls, but the town was not yet Hellenized, though See also: Greek was spoken
.
See also: Strabo (c
.
A.D
.
19) calls it not a city, but a fortress, implying that it had none of the institutions of the Graeco-Roman city
.
Inscriptions and coins show that its civilization consisted of a layer of Roman ideas and customs super-imposed on See also: Celtic tribal characteristics, and that it is not until c
.
A.D
.
150 that the true Hellenic spirit begins to appear
.
See also: Christianity was introduced (from the N. or N.W.) perhaps as early as the 1st century, but there is no shred of evidence that the Ancyran See also: Church (first mentioned A.D
.
192) was founded by St
See also: Paul or that he ever visited See also: northern Galatia
.
The real greatness of the town See also: dates from the time when Constantinople became the metropolis of the Roman See also: world: then its See also: geographical situation raised it to a position of importance which it retained throughout the See also: middle ages
.
See further See also: ANGORA (I)
.
The See also: modern town contains many remains of the Roman and See also: Byzantine periods
.
The most important monument is the Augusteum, a See also: temple of See also: white marble erected to "
See also: Rome and See also: Augustus " during the lifetime of that emperor by the See also: common council or See also: diet .of the three Galatian tribes
.
The temple was afterwards converted into a church, and in the 16th century a See also: fine mosque was built against its S. face
.
On the walls of the temple is engraved the famous Monumentum Ancyranum, a long inscription in Latin and Greek describing the Res gestae divi Augusti; the Latin portion being inscribed on the inner See also: left-See also: hand See also: wall of the pronaos, the Greek on the outside wall of the naos (See also: cella)
.
The inscription is a See also: grave and majestic narrative of the public life and See also: work of Augustus
.
The See also: original was written by the emperor in his 76th See also: year (A.D
.
13-14) to be engraved on two See also: bronze tablets placed in front of his See also: mausoleum in Rome, and as a mark of respect to his memory a copy was inscribed on the temple walls by the council of the See also: Galatians
.
Thus has been preserved an absolutely unique See also: historical document of See also: great importance, recounting (I) the numerous public offices and honours conferred on him, (2) his various benefactions to the See also: state, to the plebs and to his soldiers, and (3) his military and administrative services to the See also: empire
.
|
|
|
[back] ANCYLOPODA, or ANCYLODACTYLA |
[next] AND |
There are no comments yet for this article.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.
Links to articles and home page are encouraged.