ANGERS  , a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of western See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of the See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department of See also:

• MAINE
• MAINE, ANNE LOUISE BENEDICTE DE BOURBON
• MAINE, SIR HENRY JAMES SUMNER (1822–1888)

Maine-et-See also:

• LOIRE

Loire, 191 m . S.W. of See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris by the Western railway to See also:

• NANTES
• NANTES, EDICT OF

Nantes . Pop . (1906) 73,585 . It occupies rising ground on both See also:

• BANKS, GEORGE LINNAEUS (1821-1881)
• BANKS, NATHANIEL PRENTISS (1816–1894)
• BANKS, SIR JOSEPH
• BANKS, THOMAS (1735-1805)

banks of the Maine, which are See also:

• UNITED

united by three See also:

• BRIDGES
• BRIDGES, ROBERT (1844– )

bridges . The surrounding See also:

• DISTRICT

district is famous for its flourishing nurseries and See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market gardens . Pierced with wide, straight streets, well provided with public gardens, and surrounded by ample, See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

tree-lined boulevards, beyond which See also:

• LIE, JONAS LAURITZ EDEMIL (1833—1908)
• LIE, MARIUS SOPHUS (1842–1899)

lie new suburbs, Angers is one of the pleasantest towns in France . Of its numerous See also:

• MEDIEVAL

medieval buildings the most important is the See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral of St See also:

• MAURICE (1521–1553)
• MAURICE (MAURICIUS FLAVIUS TIBERIUS) (c. 539–602)
• MAURICE [or MAURITIUS], ST (d. c. 286)
• MAURICE, JOHN FREDERICK DENISON (1805-1872)

Maurice, dating in the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main from the 12th and 13th centuries . Between the two flanking towers of the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west See also:

• FACADE

facade, the See also:

• SPIRES (Ger. Speyer or Speier)

spires of which are of the 16th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, rises a central See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

tower of the same See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period . The most prominent feature of the facade is the See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of eight warriors carved on the See also:

• BASE

base of this tower . The vaulting of the See also:

• NAVE

nave takes the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of a series of cupolas, and that of the See also:

• CHOIR (0. Fr. cuer from Lat. chorus; pronounced quire, and until the end of the 17th century so spelt, the spelling being altered to agree with the Fr. chceur)

choir and See also:

• TRANSEPT (from Lat. trans, across, and septum, enclosure; synonymous terms in other languages are Fr. croisee, nef transversee; Ital. crociata; Ger. Querbau, Quersch&)

transept is similar . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief treasures of the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church are its See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich stained See also:

• GLASS
• GLASS (O.E. glees, cf. Ger. Glas, perhaps derived from an old Teutonic root gla-, a variant of glo-, having the general sense of shining, cf. " glare," " glow ")
• GLASS, STAINED

glass (12th, 13th and 15th centuries) and valuable See also:

• TAPESTRY

tapestry (14th to 18th centuries) .

The See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop's See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace which adjoins the cathedral contains a See also:

• FINE

fine synodal See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall of the 12th century . Of the other churches of Angers, the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal are St Serge, an See also:

• ABBEY (Lat. abbatia; from Syr. abba, father)
• ABBEY, EDWIN AUSTIN (1852– )

abbey-church of the 12th and 15th centuries, and La Trinite (12th century) . The prefecture occupies the buildings of the famous abbey of St See also:

• AUBIN

Aubin; in its courtyard are elaborately sculptured arcades of the 11th and 12th centuries, from which period See also:

• DATES

dates the tower, the only survival of the splendid abbey-church . Ruins of the old churches of See also:

• TOUSSAINT

Toussaint (13th century) and Notre-See also:

• DAME
• DAME (through the Fr. from Lat. domina, mistress, lady, the feminine of dominus, master, lord)

Dame du Ronceray (11th century) are also to be seen . The See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

castle of Angers, an imposing See also:

• BUILDING

building girt with towers and a See also:

• MOAT

moat, dates from the 13th century and is now used as an armoury . The See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• HOSPITAL (Lat. haspitalis, the adjective of hospes, host or guest)

hospital of St See also:

• JEAN

Jean (12th century) is occupied by an archaeological museum; and the Logis Barrault, a See also:

• MANSION (through O. Fr. mansion, mod. maison, from Lat. mansio, dwelling-place, stage on a journey; manere, to remain)

mansion built about 1500, contains the public library, the municipal museum, which has a large collection of pictures and sculptures, and the Musee See also:

• DAVID
• DAVID (a Hebrew name meaning probably beloved 1)
• DAVID, FELICIEN (1810—1876)
• DAVID, GERARD [GHEERAERT DAVIT], (?=1523)
• DAVID, PIERRE JEAN (1789–1856)
• DAVID, ST (Dewi, Sant)

David, containing See also:

• WORKS

works by the famous sculptor David d'Angers, who was a native of the See also:

• TOWN

town . One of his masterpieces, a See also:

• BRONZE

bronze statue of Rene of See also:

• ANJOU

Anjou, stands See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close by the castle . The Hotel de Pince or d'Anjou (1523—1530) is the finest of the See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone mansions of Angers; there are also many curious wooden houses of the 15th and 16th centuries . The palais de See also:

• JUSTICE (Lat. justitia)

justice, the See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

• INSTITUTE (from Lat. instituere, to establish or set up)

institute, a fine See also:

• THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre, and a hospital with 1500 beds are the more remarkable of the See also:

• MODERN

modern buildings of the town . Angers is the seat of a bishopric, dating from the 3rd century, a prefecture, a See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of See also:

• APPEAL

appeal and a court of assizes . It has a tribunal of first instance, a tribunal of See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

commerce, a See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board of See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade-arbitrators, a chamber of commerce, a See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch of the See also:

• BANK

Bank of France and several learned See also:

• SOCIETIES, LEARNED

societies . Its educational institutions include ecclesiastical seminaries, a lycee, a preparatory school of See also:

• MEDICINE

medicine and See also:

• PHARMACY

pharmacy, a university with See also:

• FREE

free faculties (facultes See also:

• FIBRES
• FIBRES (or FIBERS, in American spelling; from Lat. fibra, apparently connected either with filum, thread, or findere, to split)

fibres) of See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology, See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, letters and See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science, a higher school of See also:

• AGRICULTURE
• AGRICULTURE (from Lat. ages, field, and colere, to cultivate)
• AGRICULTURE, BOARD OF

agriculture, training colleges, a school of arts and handicrafts and a school of fine See also:

• ART

art .

The prosperity of the town is largely due to the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• SLATE (properly CLAY SLATE; in M. Eng. slat or sclat, from O. Fr. esclat, a small piece of wood used as a tile; esclater, to break into pieces, whence modern Fr. eclat, the root being seen also in Ger. schleissen, to split)

slate-quarries of the vicinity, but the See also:

• DISTILLATION (from the Lat. distillare, more correctly destillare, to drop or trickle down)

distillation of See also:

• LIQUEURS

liqueurs from See also:

• FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit, See also:

• CABLE (from Late Lat. capulum, a halter, from capere, to take hold of)
• CABLE, GEORGE WASHINGTON (1844– )

cable, rope and See also:

• THREAD (0. Eng. praed, literally, that which is twisted, prawan, to twist, to throw, cf. " throwster," a silk-winder, Ger. drehen, to twist, turn, Du. draad, Ger. Draht, thread, wire)

thread-making, and the manufacture of boots and shoes, umbrellas and parasols are leading See also:

• INDUSTRIES

industries . The See also:

• WEAVING

weaving of See also:

• SAIL

sail-See also:

• CLOTH

cloth and woollen and other fabrics, See also:

• MACHINE
• MACHINE (through Fr. from Lat. form machina of Gr. µnxavil)

machine construction, See also:

• WIRE (A.S. wir, a wire; cf. Swed. vire, to twist, M.H.G. wiere, a gold ornament, Lat. viriae, armlets, ultimately from the root wi, to twist, bind)

wire-See also:

• DRAWING

drawing, and manufacture of sparkling wines and preserved fruits are also carried on . The chief articles of commerce, besides slate and manufactured goods, are See also:

• HEMP (in O. Eng. henep, cf. Dutch hennep, Ger. Hanf , cognate with Gr. Kavval3er, Lat. cannabis)

hemp, See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early vegetables, fruit, See also:

• FLOWERS, ARTIFICIAL

flowers and live-stock . Angers, capital of the Gallic tribe of the Andecavi, was under the See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans called Juliomagus . During the 9th century it became the seat of the See also:

• COUNTS

counts of Anjou (q.v.) . It suffered severely from the invasions of the Northmen in 845 and the succeeding years, and of the See also:

• ENGLISH

English in the 12th and 15th centuries; the See also:

• HUGUENOTS

Huguenots took it in 1585, and the Vendean royalists were repulsed near it in 1793 . Till the Revolution, Angers was the seat of a celebrated university founded in the 14th century . See L . M . Thorode, See also:

• NOTICE

Notice de la ville d'Angers (Angers, 1897) .