APOLLONIA  , the name of more than

thirty cities of antiquity . The most important are the following: (I) An Illyrian city (known as Apollonia Kar' 'Errthalcvov or rrpbs 'Errehaµvw) on the right bank of the Aous, founded by the Corinthians and Coreyraeans . It soon became a place of increasing commercial prosperity, as the most convenient link between Brundusium and northern Greece, and as one of the starting-points of the Via Egnatia . It was an important military post in the wars against Philip and during the civil wars of Pompey and Caesar, and towards the close of the Roman republic acquired fame as a seat of literature and philosophy . Here Augustus was being educated when the death of Caesar called him to Rome . It seems to have sunk with the rise of Aulon, and few remains of its ruins are to be found . The monastery of Pollina stands on a hill which probably is part of the site of the old city . (2) A Thracian city on the Black Sea (afterwards Sozopolis, and now Sizeboli), colonized by the Milesians, and famous for its colossal statue of Apollo by Calamis, which Lucullus removed to Rome .