See also:

• APPLE (a common Teut. word, A.S. aepl, aeppel, O.H.G. aphul, aphal, apfal, mod. Ger. Apfel)

APPLE (a See also:

• COMMON

common Teut. word, A.S. aepl, aeppel, O.H.G. aphul, aphal, apfal, mod. Ger. Apfel)  , the See also:

• FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit of PyrusMalus, belonging to the sub-See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order Pomaceae, of the natural order See also:

• ROSACEAE

Rosaceae . It is one of the most widely cultivated and best-known and appreciated of fruits belonging to temperate climates . In its See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state it is known as the crab-See also:

• APPLE (a common Teut. word, A.S. aepl, aeppel, O.H.G. aphul, aphal, apfal, mod. Ger. Apfel)

apple, and is found generally distributed throughout See also:

• EUROPE

Europe and western See also:

• ASIA

Asia, growing in as high a See also:

• LATITUDE (Lat. latitudo, latus, broad)

latitude as See also:

• TRONDHJEM, or THRONDHJEM (sometimes written in the German form Drontheim)

Trondhjem in See also:

• NORWAY
• NORWAY (Norge)

Norway . The crabs of See also:

• SIBERIA

Siberia belong to different See also:

• SPECIES

species of Pyrus . The apple-See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

tree as cultivated is a moderate-sized tree with spreading branches, ovate, acutely serrated or crenated leaves, and See also:

• FLOWERS, ARTIFICIAL

flowers in corymbs . The fruit is too well known to need any description of its See also:

• EXTERNAL

external characteristics . The apple is successfully cultivated in higher latitudes than any other fruit tree, growing up to 65° N., but notwithstanding this, its blossoms are more susceptible of injury from See also:

• FROST (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch, vorst, Ger. Frost, from the common Teutonic verb meaning " to freeze," Dutch, vriezcn, Ger. frieren; the Indo-European root is seen in Lat. pruina, hoar-frost, cf. prurire, to itch, burn, pruna, burning coal, Sans
• FROST, WILLIAM EDWARD (1810–1877)

frost than the flowers of the See also:

• PEACH
• PEACH, CHARLES WILLIAM (1800-1886)

peach or See also:

• APRICOT (from the Lat. praecox, or praecoquus, ripened early, coquere, to cook, or ripen; the English form, formerly " apricock " and " abrecox," comes through the Fr. abricot, from the Span. albaricoque, which was an adaptation of the Arabic al-burquk, i

apricot . It comes into See also:

• FLOWER (Lat. flos, floris; Fr. fleur)
• FLOWER, SIB

flower much later than these trees, and so avoids the See also:

• NIGHT

night frost which would be fatal to its fruit-bearing . The apples which are grown in See also:

• NORTHERN

northern regions are, however, small, hard, and crabbed, the best fruit being produced in hot summer climates, such as See also:

• CANADA

Canada and the See also:

• UNITED

United States . Besides in Europe and See also:

• AMERICA

America, the fruit is now cultivated at the Cape of See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

Good See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

Hope, in northern See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India and See also:

• CHINA

China, and in See also:

• AUSTRALIA

Australia and New See also:

• ZEALAND (also SEALAND Or SEELAND; Danish Sjaelland)

Zealand . Apples have been cultivated in See also:

• GREAT

Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain probably since the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman occupation, but the names of many varieties indicate a See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French or Dutch origin of much later date . In 1688 See also:

• RAY (Lat. raia)
• RAY (or WRAY, as he wrote his name till 1670), JOHN (1628-1705)

Ray enumerated seventy-eight varieties in cultivation in the neighbourhood of See also:

• LONDON

London, and now it is calculated that about 2000 kinds can be distinguished .

According to the purposes for which they are suitable, they can be classed as—1st, dessert; 2nd, culinary; and 3rd, See also:

• CIDER (q.v.)
• CIDER, or CYDER (from the Fr. cidre, derived from the Lat. sicera or cisera, Gr. mucepa, Heb. shade, strong drink)

cider apples . The See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal dessert apples are the Pippins (pepins, seedlings), of which there are numerous varieties . As culinary apples, besides Rennets and other dessert kinds, Codlins and Biffins are cultivated . In See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, See also:

• HEREFORDSHIRE

Herefordshire and See also:

• DEVONSHIRE (DEvoN)
• DEVONSHIRE, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Devonshire are famous for the cultivation of apples, and in these counties the manufacture of cider (q.v.) is an important See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry . Cider is also extensively prepared in See also:

• NORMANDY

Normandy and in See also:

• HOLLAND
• HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
• HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
• HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
• HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
• HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
• HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
• HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART

Holland . Verjuice is the fermented juice of crab apples . A large See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade in the importation of apples is carried on in Britain, imports coming chiefly from French, Belgian and Dutch growers, and from the United States and See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North America . Dried and pressed apples are imported from See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France for stewing, under the name of Normandy Pippins, and similarly prepared fruits come also from America . The apple may be propagated by seeds to obtain See also:

• STOCKS

stocks for grafting, and also for the, See also:

• PRODUCTION (Lat. productionem, from producere, to pro-duce)

production of new varieties . The established sorts are usually increased by grafting, the method called See also:

• WHIP

whip-grafting being preferred . The stocks should be at least as thick as the See also:

• FINGER

finger; and should be headed back to where the See also:

• GRAFT (a modified form of the earlier " grail," through the French from the Late Lat. graphium, a stylus or pencil)

graft is to be fixed in See also:

• JANUARY

January, unless the See also:

• WEATHER (O. Eng. weder; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Du. weder, Dan. veir, Icel. ve8r, and Ger. Wetter and Gewitter, storm; the root is wa- to blow, from which is derived " wind ")

weather is frosty, but in any See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case before vegetation becomes active . The scions should be cut about the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, and laid in firmly in a See also:

• TRENCH, RICHARD CHENEVIX (1807-1886)

trench, in contact with the moist See also:

• SOIL

soil, until required .

The tree will thrive in any good well-drained soil, the best being a good mellow calcareous See also:

• LOAM (O.E. lam; the word appears in Dut. leem and Ger. Lehm; the ultimate origin is the root lai-, meaning " to be sticky," which is seen in the cognate " lime," Lat. limus, mud, clay)

loam, while the less See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron there is in the subsoil the better . The addition of See also:

• MARL (from O. Fr. marle, Late Lat. margila, dim. of marga; cf. Du. and Ger. Mergel)

marl to soils that are not naturally calcareous very much improves them . The trees are liable to canker in undrained soils or those of a hot sandy nature . Where the soil is not naturally See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich enough, it should be well manured, but not to the extent of encouraging over-luxuriance . It is better to apply manure in the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of a compost than to use it in a fresh state or unmixed . To form an See also:

• ORCHARD (O. Eng. ort-geard, later orceard; a combination apparently of Lat. hortus, garden, and " yard " or " Barth ")

orchard, See also:

• STANDARD
• STANDARD, BATTLE OF THE

standard trees should be planted at from 25 to 40 ft. between the rows, according to the fertility of the soil and other considerations . The trees should be selected with clean, straight, self-supporting stems, and the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head should be shapely and symmetrical, with the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main branches well balanced . In order to obtain such a See also:

• STEM (O. Eng. staefn, stemn, cf. Du. stain, Ger. Stamm, &c., probably related to " staff ")

stem, all the leaves on the first shoot from the graft or bud should be encouraged to grow, and in the second See also:

• SEASON (0. Fr. seson, seison, mod. saison, Lat. satio, sowing time, the spring, from serere, to sow; in Late Lat. the word is found with its present meaning, the spring being considered as particularly the season of the year)

season the terminal bud should be allowed to develop a further leading shoot, while the lateral shoots should be allowed to grow, but so that they do not compete with the See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader, on which the growth of leaves should be encouraged in order that they may give additional strength to the stem below them . The See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side shoots should be removed gradually, so that the diminution of foliage in this direction may not exceed the increase made by the new branches and shoots of the upper portion . See also:

• DWARF (A.S. dweorg, D. dwerg, Icel. dvergr)

Dwarf pyramids, which occupy less space than open dwarfs, if not allowed to grow tall, may be planted at from to to 12 ft. apart . Dwarf See also:

• BUSH

bush trees may be planted from to to 15 ft. apart, according to the variety and the soil . Dwarf bushes on the See also:

• PARADISE (Gr. lrap6BEwos)

Paradise stock are both ornamental and useful in small gardens, the trees being always conveniently under See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control .

These bush trees, which must be on the proper stock—the French Paradise—may be planted at first 6 ft. apart, with the same distance between the rows, the space being afterwards increased, if desired, to 12 ft. apart, by removing every alternate See also:

• ROW, JOHN (c. 1525—1580)

row . " Cordons " are trees trained to a single shoot, the laterals of which are kept spurred . They are usually trained horizontally, at about 11 ft. from the ground, and may consist of one stem or of two, the stems in the latter case being trained in opposite directions . In See also:

• COLD (in O. Eng. cald and ceald, a word coming ultimately from a root cognate with the Lat. gelu, gelidus, and common in the Teutonic languages, which usually have two distinct forms for the substantive and the adjective, cf. Ger. Kolte, kalt, Dutch koude

cold districts the finer sorts of apples may be grown against walls as upright or oblique cordons . From these See also:

• CORDON (a French derivative of corde, cord)

cordon trees very See also:

• FINE

fine fruit may often be obtained . The apple may also be grown as an See also:

• ESPALIER (a French word, derived from the Ital. spalliera, something to rest the spalla or shoulder against; the word is ultimately the same as epauliere, a shoulder-piece)

espalier tree, a form which does not require much lateral space . The See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary trained trees for espaliers and walls should be planted 20 ft. apart . The fruit of the apple is produced on spurs which form on the branchlets of two years old and upwards, and continue fertile for a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of years . The principal pruning should be performed in summer, the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young shoots if crowded being thinned out, and the superabundant laterals shortened by breaking them See also:

• HALF

half through . The See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter pruning of the trees may take See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place any time from the beginning of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November to the beginning of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March, in open weather . The trees are rather subject to the attacks of the See also:

• AMERICAN

American blight, the See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white cottony substance found on the bark and See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed by an See also:

• INSECT

insect (Eriosoma mali), somewhat similar to the See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green-See also:

• FLY (formed on the root of the supposed original Tent. fleugan, to fly)

fly of the See also:

• GARDEN (from O. Fr. garden, mod. Fr. jardin; this, like our words " garth," a paddock attached to a building, and " yard," comes from a Teutonic word for an enclosure which appears in Gothic as gards and O. H. Ger. gart, cf. Dutch gaarde and Ger. .garten)

garden, but not a true aphis . It may be removed by scrubbing with a hard See also:

• BRUSH (from Fr. brosse, which, like the English word, means both the undergrowth of a wood and the instrument; if the word in both these meanings is ultimately the same, then the origin is from a bundle of brushwood used as a brush or broom, but this is h
• BRUSH, GEORGE DE FOREST (1855– )

brush, by See also:

• PAINTING

painting the affected spots with any bland oil, or by washing them with dilute See also:

• PARAFFIN

paraffin and soft See also:

• SOAP

soap .

The apple-blossom See also:

• WEEVIL

weevil (Anthonomus pomorum), a 'small reddish-See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

brown See also:

• BEETLE (O. Eng. bityl; connected with " bite ")

beetle, often causes serious damage to the flowers . The See also:

• FEMALE

female bores and See also:

• LAYS

lays an See also:

• EGG (O.E. aeg, cf. Ger. Ei, Swed. aegg, and prob. Gr. u,ov, Lat. ovum)
• EGG, AUGUSTUS LEOPOLD (1816-1863)

egg inthe unopened bud, and the maggot feeds on the stamens and See also:

• PISTIL

pistil . The weevil hibernates in the crannies of the bark or in the soil at the See also:

• BASE

base of the trees, and bandages of tarred See also:

• CLOTH

cloth placed See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round the stem in See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring will prevent the female from crawling up . The codlin See also:

• MOTH

moth (Carpocapsa pomonana) lays its eggs in May in the calyx of the flowers . The young See also:

• CATERPILLAR

caterpillar, which is white with See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black head and See also:

• NECK (O. Eng. hnecca; the word appears in many Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch ride, Ger. Nacken; in O. E. the common word was heals; cf. Ger. Hals)

neck, gnaws its way through the fruit, and pierces the rind . When nearly full grown it attacks the core, and the fruit soon drops . The insect emerges and spins its cocoon in a crack of the bark . To check this disease the apples which fall before ripening should be promptly removed . A loosely made See also:

• HAY
• HAY (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Heu, Dutch hooi; the root from which it is derived, meaning " to cut," is also seen in " to hew "; cf. " hoe ")
• HAY, GEORGE (1729—1811)
• HAY, GILBERT
• HAY, JOHN (1838–1905)

hay-See also:

• BAND

band See also:

• TWISTED

twisted round the stem about a See also:

• FOOT

foot from the ground is of use . The grubs will generally choose the bands in which to make their cocoon; at the end of the season the bands are collected and burned . The following are a few of the most approved varieties of the apple tree, arranged in order of their ripening, with the months in which they are in use: Dessert Apples . Aug .

g Aug . Aug., See also:

• SEPT

Sept . Aug., Sept . Sept . Sept., Oct . Sept.-Nov . Oct.-Dec . Oct.-See also:

• JAN

Jan . Oct.-Feb . Oct.-See also:

• MAR, EARLDOM OF
• MAR, JOHN ERSKINE, 1ST OR 6TH EARL OF (d. 1572)
• MAR, JOHN ERSKINE, 2ND OR 7TH EARL
• MAR, JOHN ERSKINE, 6TH OR 11TH EARL OF (1675-1732)

Mar . ,Nov.-Feb . Nov.-Feb .

Nov.-Mar . Nov.–Mar . Nov.–Mar . Nov.–Mar . Nov.-Jan . Nov.-Apr . Nov.-Apr . Dec.–Mar . Dec.–Apr . Dec.–Apr . Dec.-May Dec.-May Jan.-Mar . Jan.-Apr .

Jan.-May Jan.-May Feb.-May Feb . See also:

• JUNE

June Aug.-Sept . Aug.–Sept . Aug.–Oct . Aug.–Nov . Aug.-Nov . Sept.-Oct . Sept.-Nov . Sept.-Dec . Sept.-Jan . Oct., Nov . Oct.-Dec .

Oct.-Dec . Nov.-Mar . Oct.-Mar . Oct.-Feb . Oct.-Feb . Nov. an . Nov.-Feb . Nov.-Feb . Nov.-Mar . Nov.-Apr . Nov.-Apr . Nov.-Apr .

Nov.-May Nov.-May Oct.-May Nov.-See also:

• JULY

July Apples for table use should have a sweet juicy pulp and rich aromatic flavour, while those suitable for cooking should possess the See also:

• PROPERTY

property of forming a See also:

• UNIFORM

uniform soft pulpy See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

mass 'when boiled or baked . In their uncooked state they are not very digestible,but when cooked they form a very safe and useful See also:

• FOOD
• FOOD (like the verb " to feed," from a Teutonic root, whence O. Eng. foda; cf. " fodder "; connected with Gr. lrareicOae, to feed)

food, exercising a See also:

• GENTLE (through the Fr. gentil, from Lat. gentilis, belonging to the same gens, or family)

gentle laxative See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence . According to Hutchison their See also:

• COMPOSITION
• COMPOSITION (Lat. compositio, from componere, to put together)

composition is as follows: See also:

• WATER

Water . See also:

• PRO

Pro- See also:

• ETHER, (C2H5)2O

Ether See also:

• CARBO

Carbo- Ash . Cellu- Acids . teid . See also:

• EXTRACT (from Lat. extrahere, to draw out)

Extract. See also:

• HYDRATE

hydrate . A lose . Fresh . 82.5 0.4 0.5 12.5 0.4 2.7 1.0 Dried . 36.2 1.4 3.0 49.1 1.8 4.9 3.6 Many See also:

• EXOTIC (Gr. EWTIK6s, foreign, from few, outside)

exotic fruits, having nothing in See also:

• COMMON

common with the apple; are known by that name, e.g. the See also:

• BALSAM (from Gr. f &X raµov, through Lat. balsamum, contracted by popular use to O. Fr. basme, mod. Fr. bdme; Eng. balm)

Balsam apple, See also:

• MOMORDICA

Momordica Balsamina; the custard apple (q.v.), Anona reticulala; the egg apple, Solanum esculentum; the See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose apple, various species of Eugenia; the pineapple (q.v.), Ananas sativus; the See also:

• STAR

star apple, Chrysophyllum Cainito; and the apples of Sodom, Solanum sodomeum . (A .

B .