See also:

• ARBELA (ARBA`IL, i.e. " Four-god-city")

ARBELA (ARBA`IL, i.e. " Four-See also:

• GOD

god-See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city")  , an See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• TOWN

town in Adiabene, the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital in See also:

• ASSYRIAN

Assyrian and pre-Assyrian times of the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country between the greater and lesser Zab, and seat of an important cult of See also:

• ISHTAR

Ishtar . The See also:

• BATTLE

battle in which See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander )verthrew See also:

• DARIUS (Pers. Darayavaush; Old Test. Daryavesh)

Darius in 331 B.C., though named in the old books after See also:

• ARBELA (ARBA`IL, i.e. " Four-god-city")

Arbela, was probably fought at Gaugamela, some 6o m. away (Yorck von Wartenburg, Kurze Ubersicht der Feldziige A. See also:

• DES

des Gr.) . The See also:

• MODERN

modern town of Erbil or Arbil, in the vilayet of See also:

• MOSUL

Mosul, is about 40 M. from Mosul on the road to See also:

• BAGDAD, or BAGHDAD

Bagdad . The greater See also:

• PART

part of the town, which seems at one See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time to have been very large, is situated on an artificial See also:

• MOUND

mound about 150 ft. high . It became the seat of the Ayyubite See also:

• SULTAN (an Arabic word meaning " victorious " or " a ruler," sultat, dominion)

sultan See also:

• SALADIN (Arab. Sala-ud-din, " Honouring the Faith ") (1138—1193)

Saladin in 1184; was bequeathed in 1233 to the caliphs of Bagdad; was plundered by the See also:

• MONGOLS

Mongols in 1236 and in 1393 by Timur, and was taken in 1732 by the Persians under See also:

• NADIR (Arabic nadir, " opposite to," used elliptically for nadir-es-semt, "opposite to the zenith ")

Nadir Shah . In the 4th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century the Christians were almost exterminated . The See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population, which varies from 2000 to 6000, is chiefly composed of Kurds . The ruins of another ARBELA (Irbid, Beth-Arbel) in See also:

• PALESTINE

Palestine, situated near the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west See also:

• SHORE

shore of the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

Sea of See also:

• GALILEE
• GALILEE (Heb. 5'S?, " border " or " ring," Gr. I'aXi?aia)
• GALILEE, SEA OF

Galilee, a little See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north of its centre, are not in themselves of high See also:

• INTEREST

interest, but the site is noteworthy through its connexion with the neighbouring caves in the lofty flank of the See also:

• WADI

Wadi Hamam, above which Arbela stood . These caves (called by the See also:

• ARABS

Arabs Kulat See also:

• IBN

ibn Ma'an) are apparently natural, but were enlarged and fortified . They were used by the inhabitants of Arbela as a See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of See also:

• REFUGE

refuge from the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army of Bacchides, See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general of See also:

• DEMETRIUS

Demetrius III., See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• SYRIA

Syria, and were the resort of bandits in the reign of See also:

• HEROD
• HEROD (surnamed THE GREAT)

Herod the See also:

• GREAT

Great . He laid See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege to them, and his men could only gain See also:

• ACCESS (Lat. accessus)

access to the caves by being let down from above . The caves were also fortified against the See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans by See also:

• JOSEPHUS, FLAVIUS (c. 37-C. 95?)

Josephus .