See also:

• EARL

EARL OF See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

HENRY BENNET See also:

• ARLINGTON
• EARL OF HENRY BENNET ARLINGTON (1618-1685)

ARLINGTON (1618-1685)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English statesman, son of See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Bennet of Dawley, See also:

• MIDDLESEX
• MIDDLESEX, LIONEL CRANFIELD, 1ST EARL OF (1575-1645)

Middlesex, and of Dorothy Crofts, was baptized at Little Saxham, See also:

• SUFFOLK
• SUFFOLK, CHARLES BRANDON, 1ST DUKE OF (c. 1484–'545)
• SUFFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• SUFFOLK, THOMAS HOWARD, 1ST EARL OF (1561-1626)
• SUFFOLK, WILLIAM DE LA POLE

Suffolk, in 1618, and was educated at See also:

• WESTMINSTER
• WESTMINSTER, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• WESTMINSTER, STATUTES OF
• WESTMINSTER, SYNODS OF

Westminster school and See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church, See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford . He gained some distinction as a See also:

• SCHOLAR, SCHOLARSHIP

scholar and a poet, and was originally destined for See also:

• HOLY

holy orders . In 1643 he was secretary to See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• DIGBY, KENELM HENRY (1800-188o)
• DIGBY, SIR EVERARD (1578-1606)
• DIGBY, SIR KENELM (1603-1665)

Digby at Oxford, and was employed as a messenger between the See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen and See also:

• ORMONDE, EARL AND MARQUESS OF
• ORMONDE, JAMES BUTLER, 1ST DUKE
• ORMONDE, JAMES BUTLER, 2ND DUKE OF (1665-1745)

Ormonde in See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland . Subsequently he took up arms for the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king, and received a See also:

• WOUND (O. Eng. wund,connected with a Teutonic verb, meaning to strive, fight, suffer, seen in O. Eng. winnan, whence Eng. " win ")

wound in the skirmish at See also:

• ANDOVER

Andover in 1644, the scar of which remained on his See also:

• FACE (from Lat. fades, derived either from facere, to make, or from a root fa-, meaning " appear "; cf. Gr. cbatvstv)

face through See also:

• LIFE

life.' And after the defeat of the royal cause he travelled in See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France and See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, joined the exiled royal• See also:

• FAMILY

family in 1650, and in 1654 became See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official secretary to See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James on See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles's recommendation, who had already been attracted by his "pleasant and agreeable See also:

• HUMOUR (Latin humor)

humour."2 In See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 16J7 he was knighted, and the same See also:

• YEAR

year was sent as Charles's See also:

• AGENT (from Lat. agere, to act)

agent to See also:

• MADRID

Madrid, where he remained, endeavouring to obtain assistance for the royal cause, till after the Restoration . On his return to See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England in 1661 he was made keeper of the privy See also:

• PURSE (Late Lat. bursa, adapted from Gr. Gupta, hide, skin; possibly O. Eng. pusa, bag, has influenced the change from b to p)

purse, and became the ' See his portrait in the See also:

• EARL

earl of See also:

• ARLINGTON
• ARLINGTON, HENRY BENNET, EARL OF (1618-1685)

Arlington's Letters to Sir W . See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

Temple, by Tho . See also:

• BABINGTON, ANTHONY (1561–1586)
• BABINGTON, CHURCHILL (1821-1889)

Babington (17o1) . 2 See also:

• CLARENDON, CONSTITUTIONS OF
• CLARENDON, EDWARD HYDE, 1ST EARL OF (1609-1674)
• CLARENDON, GEORGE WILLIAM FREDERICK VILLIERS, 4TH EARL OF (in the Villiers line) (1800-r87o)
• CLARENDON, HENRY HYDE

Clarendon's Life and Continuation, 397.See also:

• PRIME, PRIMER AND PRIMING

prime favourite . One of his duties was the procuring and management of the royal mistresses, in which his success gained him See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• CREDIT (Lat. credere, to believe)

credit . Allying himself with See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady See also:

• CASTLEMAINE

Castlemaine, he encouraged Charles's increasing dislike to Clarendon; and he was made secretary of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state in See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1662 in spite of the opposition of Clarendon, who had to find him a seat in See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament . He represented Callington from 1661 till 1665, but appears never to have taken See also:

• PART

part in debate . He served subsequently on the committees for explaining the Irish See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

Act of See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

Settlement and for Tangiers .

In 1663 he obtained a See also:

• PEERAGE
• PEERAGE (Fr. pairage, med. Lat. paragium; M.E. Pere, 0. Fr. per, peer, later pair; Lat. Paris, " equal ")

peerage as See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron Arlington of Arlington, or Harlington, in Middlesex, and in 1667 was appointed one of the postmasters-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general The See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control of See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign affairs was entrusted to him, and he was chiefly responsible for the attack on the See also:

• SMYRNA (Ismir)

Smyrna See also:

• FLEET

fleet and for the first Dutch See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War . In 1665 he advised Charles to See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

grant See also:

• LIBERTY (Lat. libertas, from liber, free)

liberty of See also:

• CONSCIENCE (Lat. con-scientia, literally " knowledge of a thing shared with another person " or " complete knowledge," and derivatively " consciousness in general)
• CONSCIENCE, HENDRIK (1812-1883)

conscience, but this was merely a concession to gain See also:

• MONEY

money during the war; and he showed great activity later in oppressing the nonconformists . On the See also:

• DEATH

death of See also:

• SOUTHAMPTON
• SOUTHAMPTON, EARL OF
• SOUTHAMPTON, HENRY WRIOTHESLEY, 3RD EARL OF (1J73—1624)

Southampton, whose See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration he had attacked, his great ambition, the treasurership, was not satisfied; and on the fall of Clarendon, against whom he had intrigued, he did not, though becoming a member of the See also:

• CABAL (through the Fr. cabale from the Cabbala or Kabbalah, the theosophical interpretation of the Hebrew scriptures)

Cabal See also:

• MINISTRY

ministry, obtain the supreme See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence which he had expected; for See also:

• BUCKINGHAM
• BUCKINGHAM, EARLS, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• BUCKINGHAM, FIRST DUKE
• BUCKINGHAM, GEORGE VILLIERS, 1ST DUKE 0E1
• BUCKINGHAM, GEORGE VILLIERS, 2ND DUKE 0E1 (1628-1687)
• BUCKINGHAM, HENRY STAFFORD, 2ND DUKE OF3 (1454-1483)
• BUCKINGHAM, JAMES SILK (1786-1855)

Buckingham first shared, and soon surpassed him, in the royal favour . With Buckingham a See also:

• SHARP, GRANVILLE (1735-1813)
• SHARP, JAMES (1618-1679)
• SHARP, JOHN (1645-1714)
• SHARP, RICHARD (1759-1835)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1749-1824)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1856-1905)

sharp rivalry sprang up, and they only combined forces when endeavouring to bring about some evil measure, such as the ruin of the great Ormonde, who was an opponent of their policy and their schemes . Another See also:

• OBJECT

object of See also:

• JEALOUSY (adapted from Fr. jalousie, formed from jaloux, jealous, Low Lat. zelosus, Gr. j'i os, ardour, zeal, from the root seen in '&u', to boil, ferment; cf. " yeast ")

jealousy to Arlington was Sir See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William Temple, who achieved a great popular success in 1668 by the conclusion of the Triple See also:

• ALLIANCE

Alliance; Arlington endeavoured to procure his removal to Madrid, and entered with alacrity into Charles's plans for destroying the whole policy embodied in the treaty, and for making terms with France . He refused a bribe from See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XIV., but allowed his wife to accept a See also:

• GIFT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. die Gift, gift, das Gift, poison, formed from the Teut. stem gab-, to give, cf. Dutch geven, Ger. geben; in O. Eng. the word appears with initial y, the guttural of later English is due to Scandinavian influence)

gift of 1o,000 crowns'; in 167o he was the only See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister besides the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

• CLIFFORD
• CLIFFORD, JOHN (1836- )
• CLIFFORD, WILLIAM KINGDON (1845-1879)

Clifford to whom the first See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret treaty of See also:

• DOVER
• DOVER, GEORGE JAMES WELBORE
• DOVER, HENRY JERMYN, EARL OF (c. 1636-1708)
• DOVER, ROBERT (1575-1641)

Dover (May 167o), one clause of which provided for Charles's See also:

• DECLARATION (from Lat. declarare, to make fully clear, clams)

declaration of his See also:

• CONVERSION (Lat. conversio, from convertere, to turn or ,change)

conversion to Romanism, was confided (see CHARLES II.); and he was the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief actor in the deception practised upon the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of the See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council.' He supported several other pernicious See also:

• MEASURES

measures —the See also:

• SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme for rendering the king's See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power See also:

• ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute by force of arms; the " stop of the See also:

• EXCHEQUER

exchequer," involving a repudiation of the state See also:

• DEBT (Lat. debitum, a thing owed)

debt in 1672; and the declaration of See also:

• INDULGENCE (Lat. indulgentia, indulgere, to grant, concede)

indulgence the same year, " that we might keep all quiet at See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home whilst we are busy abroad."' On the 22nd of See also:

• APRIL

April 1672 he was created an earl, and on the 15th of See also:

• JUNE

June obtained the Garter; the same See also:

• MONTH
• MONTH (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maand, Dan. maaned, &c., and cognate with Lat. mensis, Gr. µi7v, &c., in other branches of the Indo-Germanic family; all ultimately from the root seen in the word for the moon in nearly all those languages

month he proceeded with Buckingham on a See also:

• MISSION

mission, first to William at the See also:

• HAGUE, THE (in Dutch, 's Gravenhage, or, abbreviated, den Haag; in Fr. La Haye; and in Late Lat. Haga Comitis)

Hague, and afterwards to Louis at See also:

• UTRECHT
• UTRECHT, TREATY OF

Utrecht, endeavouring to force upon the Dutch terms of See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace which were indignantly refused . But Arlington's support of the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court policy was entirely subordinate to See also:

• PERSONAL

personal interests; and after the See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment of Clifford in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1672 to the treasurership, his jealousy and See also:

• MORTIFICATION

mortification, together with his alarm at the violent opposition aroused in parliament, caused him to veer over to the other See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side . He advised Charles in March 1673 to submit the legality of the declaration of indulgence to the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House of Lords, and supported the Test Act of the same year, which compelled Clifford to resign . He joined the Dutch party, and in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to make his peace with his new See also:

• ALLIES, THOMAS WILLIAM (1813-1903)

allies, disclosed the secret treaty of Dover to the staunch Protestants Ormonde and See also:

• SHAFTESBURY
• SHAFTESBURY, ANTHONY ASHLEY COOPER, 1ST EARL OF (1621-1683)
• SHAFTESBURY, ANTHONY ASHLEY COOPER, 7TH EARL OF (1801–1885)
• SHAFTESBURY, ANTHONYASHLEY COOPER, 3RD EARL OF (1671-1713)

Shaftesbury.' Arlington had, however, lost the confidence of all parties, and these efforts to procure support met with little success . On the 15th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1674 he was impeached by the See also:

• COMMONS

Commons, the specific charges being "popery," corruption and the betrayal of his See also:

• TRUST

trust—Buckingham in his own See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence having accused him the See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day before of being the chief instigator of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French and See also:

• ANTI, or CAMPA

anti-See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant policy, of the scheme of governing by s See also:

• MEMOIRS

Memoirs of Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain and Ireland, by Sir John Dalrymple (1790), i . 125 . ' Ibid .

114 et seq . Arlington to Sir B . Gascoyn, in J . T . See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

Brown's Miscellanea Aulica (1702), 66 . e On the authority of See also:

• COLBERT, JEAN BAPTISTE (1619-1683)

Colbert, 2oth November 1673; Dalrymple's Memoirs, i . 131 . the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, of responsibility for the Dutch War, and of See also:

• EMBEZZLEMENT (A.-Fr. embesilement, from beseler or besillier, to destroy)

embezzlement . But the See also:

• MOTION (Lat. motio, from movere, to move)
• MOTION, LAWS OF

motion for his removal, owing chiefly to the influence of his See also:

• BROTHER

brother-in-See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, the popular Lord See also:

• OSSORY (Osraighe)
• OSSORY, THOMAS BUTLER, EARL OF (1634-1680)

Ossory, was rejected by 166 votes to 127 . His See also:

• ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli

escape could not, however, prevent his fall, and he resigned the secretaryship on the 11th of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1694, being appointed lord See also:

• CHAMBERLAIN (0. Fr. chamberlain, chamberlenc, Mod. Fr. chambellan, from O. H. Ger. Chamarling, Chamarlinc, whence also the Med. Lat. cambellanus, camerlingus, camerlengus; Ital. camerlingo; Span. camerlengo, compounded of 0. H. Ger. Chamara, Kamara [Lat.
• CHAMBERLAIN, JOSEPH (1836— )
• CHAMBERLAIN, JOSHUA LAWRENCE (1828– )
• CHAMBERLAIN, SIR NEVILLE BOWLES (1820-1902)

chamberlain instead . In 1675 he made another See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to gain favour with the parliament by supporting measures against France and against the Roman Catholics, and by joining in the pressure put upon Charles to remove James from the court . In November he went on a mission to the Hague, with the popular See also:

• OBJECTS

objects of effecting a peace and of concluding an alliance with William and James's daughter See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary .

In this he entirely failed, and he returned home completely discredited . He had again been disappointed of the treasurership when See also:

• DANBY, FRANCIS (1793-1861)

Danby succeeded Clifford; Charles having declared " that he had too much kindness for him to let him have it, for he was not See also:

• FIT

fit for the See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office." l His intrigues with discontented persons in parliament to stir up an opposition to his successful See also:

• RIVAL

rival came to nothing . From this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, though lingering on at court, he possessed no influence, and was treated with scanty respect . It was safe to ridicule his See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person and behaviour, and it became a See also:

• COMMON

common jest for " some courtier to put a See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black patch upon his See also:

• NOSE (O.Eng. nosu, cf. Dutch neus, Swed. nos, snout; the Aix in Provence. Both at Aix and at Lyons he acquired great connexion with O.Eng. nasu is obscure, cf. Ger. Nase, Lat. pares, distinction by his labours during outbreaks of the plague. In nostrils,

nose and strut about with a See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white See also:

• STAFF (O. Eng. staef, cf. Du. staf, Ger. Stab, &c.; Icel. stafr meant also a written letter, and O. Eng. stafas, the letters of the alphabet; " stave," one of the thin pieces of wood of which a cask is made, is a doublet)

staff in his See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand in order to make the king merry at his expense." 2 He was appointed a See also:

• COMMISSIONER

commissioner of the See also:

• TREASURY

treasury in March 1679, was included in Sir William Temple's new modelled council the same year, and was a member of the inner See also:

• CABINET

cabinet which was almost immediately formed . In 1681 he was made lord See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant of Suffolk . He died on the 28th of See also:

• JULY

July 1685, and was buried at Euston, where he had bought a large See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate and had carried out extensive See also:

• BUILDING

building operations . His See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence in See also:

• LONDON

London wasGoring House, on the site of which was built the See also:

• PRESENT

present Arlington See also:

• STREET
• STREET, GEORGE EDMUND (1824-1881)

Street . Arlington was a typical statesman of the Restoration, possessing outwardly an' attractive See also:

• PERSONALITY (from Lat. persona, originally an actor's mask, from personare,1 to sound through)

personality, and according to Sir W . Temple " the greatest skill of court and the best turns of See also:

• ART

art in particular conversation," 3 but thoroughly unscrupulous and self-seeking, without a spark of patriotism, faithless even to a See also:

• BAD, BCD

bad cause, and regarding public office solely as a means of procuring See also:

• PLEASURE (through Fr. plaisir from Lat. placere, to please; Gr. rlbovii)

pleasure and profit . His knowledge of foreign affairs and of foreign See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages, gained during his residence abroad, was considerable, but See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long See also:

• ABSENCE (Lat. absentia)

absence from England had also taught him a See also:

• COSMOPOLITAN (Gr. Kbvµos, world, and IroXirgs, citizen)

cosmopolitan indifference to constitutions and religions, and a careless disregard for English public See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion and the essential interests of the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country . According to Clarendon, he " knew no more of the constitution and See also:

• LAWS

laws of England than he did of See also:

• CHINA

China, nor had he in truth a care or tenderness for church or state, but believed France was the best See also:

• PATTERN

pattern in the See also:

• WORLD

world." ' He was one of the chief promoters of the attempt to reintroduce into England arbitrary See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government after the French See also:

• MODEL (0. Fr. modelle, mod. modele; It. modello, pattern, mould; from Lat. modus, measure, standard)

model, not because he imagined an absolute See also:

• MONARCHY (Fr. monarchic, from Lat. monarchia, Gr. uovapXia, rule of one, µbvos, alone, apXi7, rule)

monarchy essential to the well-being and See also:

• SECURITY (Lat. securus, free from care, safe)

security of the state, but because undersuch an administration the favourites of a king enjoyed far greater privileges and profits than under a constitutional government . Of the same egotistical See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character was his See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion, towards which his attitude was similar to that of Charles II. himself .

He was credited with having inclined the king towards Romanism . Before the Restoration he had attended See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

mass with the king abroad, and in opposition to Lord See also:

• BRISTOL
• BRISTOL, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF
• BRISTOL, GEORGE DIGBY, 2ND EARL OF1 (1612-1677)
• BRISTOL, JOHN DIGBY, 1ST EARL OF 6 (1580-1653)

Bristol had urged Charles to declare publicly his conversion in order to obtain the long-expected succour from the foreign See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers . But his religion sat lightly upon him as it did upon his See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master, and it was often convenient to disguise it . Like the king he continued to profess and practise Protestantism, and spent large sums in restoring the church at Euston; and, unlike Clifford, he took the Test in 1673 and remained in office, successfully concealing his faith till on his deathbed, when he declared himself an adherent of Roman Catholicism.' James's statement in See also:

• MACPHERSON, JAMES (1736–1796)
• MACPHERSON, SIR DAVID LEWIS (1818–1896)

Macpherson's Orig . Pap. i . 67 . 2 See also:

• EACHARD, JOHN (1636 ?-1697)

Eachard's See also:

• HISTORY

History of England (1720), 911 . 3 Memoirs of W . Temple, ed. by T . P . See also:

• COURTENAY
• COURTENAY, RICHARD (d. 1415)
• COURTENAY, WILLIAM (c. 1342—1396)

Courtenay, ii . 27 .

4 Life and See also:

• CON

Con . 404 . s Cf . See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North's Examen, 26; Dalrymple's Mem . (1790) i . 40; See also:

• PEPYS, SAMUEL (1633-1703)

Pepys's See also:

• DIARY

Diary (Feb . 17, 1663); Cal. of Clarendon St . Pap. iii . 295; T . See also:

• CARTE, THOMAS (1686-1754)

Carte's Life of the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

Duke of Ormonde (1851), iv . 109 . He married See also:

• ISABELLA (1451-15o4)
• ISABELLA, ISABEAU

Isabella of Beerwaert, daughter of Louis of See also:

• NASSAU

Nassau, by whom he had one daughter, Isabella, who married See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry, duke of See also:

• GRAFTON
• GRAFTON, DUKES OF
• GRAFTON, RICHARD (d. 1572)

Grafton, the natural son of Charles II. and Lady Castlemaine .