See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

COUNT GUSTAF MAURITZ See also:

• COUNT GUSTAF MAURITZ ARMFELT (1757–1814)

ARMFELT (1757–1814)  , son of See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles II.'s See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general, Carl Gustaf See also:

• ARMFELT, GUSTAF MAURITZ, COUNT (1757–1814)

Armfelt, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• FINLAND (Finnish, Suomi or Suomenmaa)

Finland on the 31st of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1757 . In 1774 he became an See also:

• ENSIGN (through the Fr. enseigne from the Latin plural insignia)

ensign in the See also:

• GUARDS, AND HOUSEHOLD TROOPS

guards, but his frivolity provoked the displeasure of Gustavus III. and he thought it prudent to go abroad . Subsequently, however, (r78o) he met the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king again at See also:

• SPA

Spa and completely won the monarch's favour by his natural amiability, intelligence and brilliant social gifts . Henceforth his See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune was made . At first he was the maitre See also:

• DES

des plaisirs of the See also:

• SWEDISH

Swedish See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court, but it was not See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long before more serious affairs were entrusted to him . He took See also:

• PART

part in the negotiations with See also:

• CATHERINE
• CATHERINE, SAINT

Catherine II . (1783) and with the Danish See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government (1787), and during the See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war of 1788–90 he was one of the king's most trusted and active counsellors . He also displayed See also:

• GREAT

great valour in the See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field . In 1788 when the Danes unexpectedly invaded See also:

• SWEDEN
• SWEDEN [Sverige]
• SWEDEN, NORWAY AND

Sweden and threatened See also:

• GOTHENBURG (Swed. Goteborg)

Gothenburg, it was Armfelt who under the king's directions organized the Dalecarlian levies and led them to victory . He remained absolutely faithful to Gustavus when nearly the whole of the See also:

• NOBILITY

nobility See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell away from him; brilliantly distinguished himself in the later phases of the Russian war; and was the Swedish plenipotentiary at the conclusion of the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace of Verela . During the last years of Gustavus III. his See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence was See also:

• PARAMOUNT (Anglo-Fr. paramont, up above, par el mont, up or on top of the mountain)

paramount, though he protested against his See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master's headstrong championship of the Bourbons . On his deathbed Gustavus III .

(1792) committed the care of his See also:

• INFANT (in early forms enfaunt, enfant, through the Fr. enfant, from Lat. infans, in, not, and fans, the present participle of fari, to speak)

infant son to Armfelt and appointed him a member of the See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council of regency; but the See also:

• ANTI, or CAMPA

anti-Gustavian See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke-See also:

• REGENT (from Lat. regere, to rule)

regent Charles sent Armfelt as Swedish See also:

• AMBASSADOR (also EMBASSADOR, the form sometimes still used in America; from the Fr. ambassadeur, with which compare Ital. ambasciatore and Span. embajador, all variants of the Med. Lat. ambassiator, ambassiator, ambasator, &c., derived from Med. Lat. amba

ambassador to See also:

• NAPLES
• NAPLES (Ital. Napoli, and Lat. Neapolis)
• NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

Naples to get rid of him . From Naples Armfelt communicated with Catherine II., urging her to bring about by means of a military demonstration a See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change in the Swedish government in favour of the Gustavians . The See also:

• PLOT
• PLOT, ROBERT (164o-1696)

plot was discovered by the regent's spies, and Armfelt only escaped from the See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man-of-war sent to Naples to seize him, with the assistance of See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• CAROLINE
• CAROLINE (1683-1737)

Caroline . He now fled to See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia, where he was interned at See also:

• KALUGA

Kaluga, while at See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home he was condemned to See also:

• CONFISCATION (from Lat. confiscare, to consign to the fiscus, or imperial treasury)

confiscation and See also:

• DEATH

death as a traitor, and his unjustly accused See also:

• MISTRESS

mistress Magdalena RudenschOld was publicly whipped to gratify an old grudge of the regent's . When Gustavus IV. attained his See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority, Armfelt was completely rehabilitated and sent as Swedish ambassador to See also:

• VIENNE
• VIENNE, COUNCIL OF

Vienne (18oz), but was obliged to quit that See also:

• POST

post two years later for sharply attacking the See also:

• AUSTRIAN

Austrian government's attitude towards See also:

• BONAPARTE

Bonaparte . From 1805 to 1807 he was See also:

• COMMANDER

commander-in-See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief of the Swedish forces in See also:

• POMERANIA (German, Pommern)

Pomerania, where he displayed great ability and retarded the See also:

• CONQUEST

conquest of the duchy as long as it was humanly possible . On his return home, he was appointed commander-in-chief on the See also:

• NORWEGIAN

Norwegian frontier, but could do nothing owing to the ordres, contre-ordres et desordres of his lunatic master . He would have nothing to say to the revolutionaries who in 1809 deposed Gustavus IV. and his whole See also:

• FAMILY

family . Armfelt was the most courageous of the supporters ofthe See also:

• CROWN

crown See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince Gustavus, and when Bernadotte was elected resolved to retire to Finland . His departure was accelerated by a See also:

• DECREE (from the past participle, decretus, of Lat. decernere)

decree of See also:

• EXPULSION (Lat. expulsio, from expellere)

expulsion as a conspirator (1811) . Over the impressionable See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander I. of Russia, Armfelt exercised almost as great an influence as See also:

• CZARTORYSKI, ADAM GEORGE, PRINCE (1770-1861)
• CZARTORYSKI, FRYDERYK MICHAL, PRINCE (1696-1775)

Czartoryski, especially as regards Finnish affairs . He contributed more than any one else to the erection of the See also:

• GRAND

grand-duchy into an autonomous See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state, and was its first and best See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor-general .

The See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan of the Russian defensive See also:

• CAMPAIGNS

campaigns is, with great See also:

• PROBABILITY (Lat. probabilis, probable or credible)

probability, also attributed to him, and he gained Alexander over to the plan of uniting See also:

• NORWAY
• NORWAY (Norge)

Norway with Sweden . He died at Tsarskoe Selo on the 19th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1814 . See See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert Nisbet See also:

• BAIN, ALEXANDER (1818-1903)
• BAIN, ANDREW GEDDES (1797-1864)

Bain, Gustavus III. vol. ii . (See also:

• LONDON

London, 1895) ; Elof See also:

• TEGNER, ESAIAS (1782-1846)

Tegner, Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt (See also:

• STOCKHOLM

Stockholm, 1883–1887) . (R . N .