Online Encyclopedia

ARNICA

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V02, Page 630 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ARNICA  , a genus of

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plants belonging to the natural order
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Compositae, and containing 18
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species, mostly north-west
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American . The most important species is Arnica .
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montana (mountain
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tobacco), a perennial herb found in upland meadows in
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northern and central
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Europe (but not extending to Britain), and on the mountains of western and central Europe.' A closely allied species (A. angustifolia), with very narrow leaves, is met with in Arctic
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Asia and
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America . The heads of flowers are large, 2 to 2 in. across, orange-yellow in colour; and borne on the
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summit of the stem or branches; the
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outer ray-flowers are an inch in length . The achenes (fruits) are brown and hairy, and are crowned by a tuft of stiffish hairs (pappus) . The root-stock of A. montana is tough, slender, of a dark brown colour and an inch or two in length . It gives off numerous
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simple roots from its under side, and shows on its upper side the remains of rosettes of leaves . It yields an essential oil in small quantity, and a resinous
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matter called arnicin,.C12H2202, a yellow crystal-
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line substance with an acrid taste . The tincture prepared from it is an old remedy which has a popular reputation in the treatment of bruises and sprains . The plant was introduced into
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English gardens about the
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middle of the 18th century, but is not often grown; it is a handsome plant for a rockery .

End of Article: ARNICA
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