See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

THOMAS See also:

• ARNOLD
• ARNOLD, BENEDICT (1741-1801)
• ARNOLD, GOTTFRIED (1666-1714)
• ARNOLD, MATTHEW (1822-1888)
• ARNOLD, SAMUEL (1740--18o2)
• ARNOLD, SIR EDWIN (1832-1904)
• THOMAS ARNOLD (1745-1842)

ARNOLD (1745-1842)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English clergyman and headmaster of See also:

• RUGBY

Rugby school, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West See also:

• COWES

Cowes, in the Isle of See also:

• WIGHT, ISLE OF

Wight, on the 13th of See also:

• JUNE

June 1795 . He was the son of See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William and Martha See also:

• ARNOLD
• ARNOLD, BENEDICT (1741-1801)
• ARNOLD, GOTTFRIED (1666-1714)
• ARNOLD, MATTHEW (1822-1888)
• ARNOLD, SAMUEL (1740--18o2)
• ARNOLD, SIR EDWIN (1832-1904)
• ARNOLD, THOMAS (1745-1842)

Arnold, the former of whom occupied the situation of See also:

• COLLECTOR

collector of customs at Cowes . His See also:

• FATHER

father died suddenly of spasm in the See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart in 18o1, and his See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• EDUCATION

education was confided by his See also:

• MOTHER

mother to her See also:

• SISTER

sister, See also:

• MISS

Miss Delafield . From her tuition he passed to that of Dr Griffiths, at See also:

• WARMINSTER

Warminster, in See also:

• WILTSHIRE [WILTS]

Wiltshire, in 1803; and in 1807 he was removed to See also:

• WINCHESTER
• WINCHESTER, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF

Winchester, where he remained until 1811, having entered as a commoner, and afterwards become a See also:

• SCHOLAR, SCHOLARSHIP

scholar of the See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

college . In after See also:

• LIFE

life he retained a lively feeling of See also:

• INTEREST

interest in Winchester school, and remembered with admiration and profit the regulative tact of Dr Goddard. and the preceptorial ability of Dr Gabell, who were successively See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head-masters during his stay there . From Winchester he removed to See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford in 1811, where he became a scholar at Corpus Christi College; in 1815 he was eke'ed See also:

• FELLOW

fellow of See also:

• ORIEL
• ORIEL, JOHN FOSTER, BARON (1740-1828)

Oriel College; and there he continued to reside until 1810 . This See also:

• INTERVAL

interval was diligently devoted to the pursuit of classical and See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical studies, to preparing himself for ordination. and to searching investigations, under the stimulus of See also:

• CONTI, NICOLO
• CONTI, PRINCES OF

conti:ival discussion with a See also:

• BAND

band of talented and congenial associ .tc:s, of the profoundest questions in See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology, ecclesiastical polity and social See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy . The authors he most carefully stur:i.d at this See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period were See also:

• THUCYDIDES (OovavMns)

Thucydides and See also:

• ARISTOTLE
• ARISTOTLE (384-322 B.C.)

Aristotle, and for their writings he formed an See also:

• ATTACHMENT

attachment which remained to the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close of his life, and exerted a powerful See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence upon his mode of thought and opinions, as well as upon his See also:

• LITERARY

literary occupations in subsequent years . See also:

• HERODOTUS (c. 484-425 B.C.)

Herodotus also came in for a considerable See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share of his regard, but more, apparently, for recreation than for See also:

• WORK

work . Accustomed freely and fearlessly to investigate whatever came before him, and swayed by a scrupulous dread of insincerity, he was doomed to See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long and anxious hesitation concerning some of the fundamental points of theology before arriving it a See also:

• FIRM

firm conviction of the truth of See also:

• CHRISTIANITY

Christianity . Once satisfied, however, his faith remained clear and firm; and thenceforward his life became that of a supremely religious See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man . To the name of See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ he was prepared to "surrender his whole soul," and to render before it "obedience, reverence without measure, intense humility, most unreserved See also:

• ADORATION (Lat. ad, to, and os, mouth; i.e. " carrying to one's mouth ")

adoration" (Serra ns. vol. iv. p .

210) . He did not often talk about See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion; he had See also:

• NET

net much of the accredited phraseology of piety even when he discoursed on spiritual topics; but more than most men he was directed by religious principle and feeling in all his conduct . He See also:

• LEFT

left Oxford in 1810 and settled at Laleham, near See also:

• STAINES

Staines, where he took pupils for the university . His spare See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time was devoted to the See also:

• PROSECUTION

prosecution of studies in See also:

• PHILOLOGY

philology and See also:

• HISTORY

history, more particularly to the study of Thucydides, and of the new See also:

• LIGHT

light which had been See also:

• CAST (from the verb meaning " to throw "; the word is Scand. in origin, cf. Dan. kaste, and Swed. kasta; " cast " in Middle Eng. took the place of the A.S. weor pan, cf. Ger. werf en)

cast upon See also:

• ROMAN

Roman history and upon historical method in See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general by the researches of See also:

• NIEBUHR, BARTHOLD GEORG (1776–1831)
• NIEBUHR, KARSTEN (1733-1815)

Niebuhr . He was alsa occasionally engaged in See also:

• PREACHING (Fr. preecher, from Lat. praedicare, to proclaim)

preaching, and it was whilst here that he published the first See also:

• VOLUME

volume of his sermons . Shortly after he settled at Laleham, he married See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary, youngest daughter of the Rev . See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Penrose, See also:

• RECTOR (Lat. for " ruler," " guide," &c., from regere, " rule ")

rector of Fledborough, See also:

• NOTTINGHAMSHIRE, or NOTTS

Nottinghamshire . After nine years spent at Laleham he was induced to offer himself as a See also:

• CANDIDATE

candidate for the vacant head-mastership of Rugby; and though he entered somewhat See also:

• LATE

late upon the contest, and though none of the See also:

• ELECTORS (Ger. Kurfursten, from Kilren, O.H.G. kiosan, choose, elect, and Furst, prince)

electors was personally known to him, he was elected in See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1827 . In June 1828 he received See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest's orders; in See also:

• APRIL

April and See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November of the same See also:

• YEAR

year he took his degrees of B.D. and D.D., and in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August entered on his new See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office . In one of the testimonials which accompanied his application to the trustees of Rugby, the writer stated it as his conviction that " if Mr Arnold were elected, he would See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change the See also:

• FACE (from Lat. fades, derived either from facere, to make, or from a root fa-, meaning " appear "; cf. Gr. cbatvstv)

face of education all through the public See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England." This somewhat hazardous See also:

• PLEDGE

pledge was nobly redeemed . Under Arnold's superintendence the school became not merely a See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place where a certain amount of classical or general learning was to be obtained, but a See also:

• SPHERE (Gr. vclsa?pa, a ball or globe)

sphere of intellectual, moral and religious discipline, where healthy characters were formed, and men were trained for the duties, and struggles and responsibilities of life . His energies were chiefly devoted to the business of the school; out he found time also for much literary work, as well as for an extensive See also:

• CORRESPONDENCE
• CORRESPONDENCE (from med. scholastic Lat. correspondentia, corrcspondere, compounded of Lat. cum, with, and respond ere, to answer; cf. Fr. correspondance)

correspondence .

Five volumes of sermons, an edition of Thucydides, with English notes and See also:

• DISSERTATIONS

dissertations, a History of See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome in three vols . 8vo, beside numerous articles in reviews,See also:

• JOURNALS

journals, See also:

• NEWSPAPERS

newspapers and encyclopaedias, are extant to attest the untiring activity of his mind, and his patient See also:

• DILIGENCE

diligence during this period . His interest also in public matters was incessant, especially ecclesiastical questions, and such as See also:

• BORE

bore upon the social welfare and moral improvement of the masses . In 1841, after fourteen years at Rugby, Dr Arnold was appointed by See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• MELBOURNE
• MELBOURNE, WILLIAM LAMB, 2ND VISCOUNT (1779-1848)

Melbourne, then See also:

• PRIME, PRIMER AND PRIMING

prime See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister, to- the See also:

• CHAIR (in. Mid. Eng. chcere, through O. Fr. chaire or chaiere, from Lat. cathedra, later caledra, Gr. xaOi3pa, seat, cf. "cathedral"; the modern Fr. form chaise, a chair, has been adopted in English with a particular meaning as a form of carriage; chaire

chair of See also:

• MODERN

modern history at _Oxford; On the end of December 1841 he delivered his inaugural lecture . Seven other lectures were delivered during the first three See also:

• WEEKS, EDWIN LORD (1849-1903)

weeks of the See also:

• LENT (0. Eng. lenclen, " spring," M. Eng. lenten, lente, lent; cf. Dut. lente, Ger. Lenz, " spring," 0. H. Ger. lenzin, lengizin, lenzo, probably from the same root as " long " and referring to " the lengthening days ")

Lent See also:

• TERM

term of 1842 . When the midsummer vacation arrived, he was preparing to set out with his See also:

• FAMILY

family to See also:

• FOX
• FOX, C
• FOX, CHARLES JAMES (1749-1806)
• FOX, EDWARD (c. 1496-1538)
• FOX, GEORGE (1624-1691)
• FOX, RICHARD (c. 1448-1528)
• FOX, ROBERT WERE (1789—1877)
• FOX, SIR STEPHEN (1627–1716)
• FOX, SIR WILLIAM (1812-1893)

Fox How in Westmoreland,' where he had See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased some See also:

• PROPERTY

property and built a See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house . But he was suddenly attacked by angina pectoris, and died en See also:

• SUNDAY

Sunday, the 12th of June 1842 . His remains were interred on the following See also:

• FRIDAY (A.S. frige-dreg, fr. frige, gen. of frigu, love, or the goddess of love—the Norse Frigg,—the dreg, day; cf. Icelandic frjddagr, O.H. Ger. friatag, frigatag, mod. Ger. Freitag)

Friday in the See also:

• CHANCEL (through O. Fr. from Lat. plur. cancelli, dim. of cancer, grating, lattice, probably connected with an Indo-European root Kar-, to bend; cf. circus, curve, &c.)

chancel of Rugby See also:

• CHAPEL

chapel, immediately under the communion table . - The See also:

• GREAT

great peculiarity and See also:

• CHARM (through the Fr. from the Lat. carmen, a song)

charm of Dr Arnold's nature seemed to See also:

• LIE, JONAS LAURITZ EDEMIL (1833—1908)
• LIE, MARIUS SOPHUS (1842–1899)

lie in the supremacy of the moral and the spiritual See also:

• ELEMENT (Lat. elementum)

element. over his whole being . He was not a notable scholar, and he had not much of what is usually called tact in his dealings either with the juvenile or the adult mind . What gave him his See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power, and secured for him so deeply the respect and veneration of his pupils and acquaintances, was- the intensely religious. See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character of his whole life . He seemed ever. to See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act from a severe and lofty - estimate of See also:

• DUTY (from " due," that which is owing, O. Fr. deu, dil, past participle of devoir; Lat. debere, debitum; cf. " debt ")

duty .

To be just, honest and truthful, he ever held to be the first aim of his being . His Life was written by See also:

• DEAN (Lat. decanus, derived from the Gr. 8eaa, ten)
• DEAN, FOREST OF

Dean See also:

• STANLEY (FAMILY)
• STANLEY, ARTHUR PENRHYN (18x5–1881)
• STANLEY, EDWARD (1779-1849)
• STANLEY, SIR HENRY MORTON (184o-1904)
• STANLEY, SIR WILLIAM (1548-163o)
• STANLEY, THOMAS (1625-1678)

Stanley (1845) .