See also:

• AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

AUGUSTUS II  ., See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• POLAND (Polish Polska, Ger. Polen), (see POLAND, RUSSIAN, below)
• POLAND, RUSSIAN

Poland, and, as See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

FREDERICK See also:

• AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

AUGUSTUS I., elector of See also:

• SAXONY
• SAXONY (Ger. Provinz Sachsen)

Saxony (1670-1733), second son of See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George III., elector of Saxony, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• DRESDEN

Dresden on the 12th of May 167o . He was well educated, spent some years in travel and in fighting against See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, and on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of his immense strength was known as " the Strong." On the See also:

• DEATH

death of his See also:

• BROTHER

brother, John George IV., in 1694, he became elector of Saxony, and in 1695 and 1696 led the imperial troops against the See also:

• TURKS

Turks, but without very much success . When John Sobieski died in 1696, Augustus was a See also:

• CANDIDATE

candidate for the See also:

• POLISH

Polish See also:

• THRONE

throne, and in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to further his chances became a See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic, a step which was strongly resented in Saxony . By a lavish See also:

• EXPENDITURE

expenditure of See also:

• MONEY

money, and by his promptness in entering the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, he secured his See also:

• ELECTION
• ELECTION (from Lat. eligere, to pick out)

election and See also:

• CORONATION (Lat. corona, crown)

coronation in See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1697, and his See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

• RIVAL

rival F . L. de See also:

• BOURBON
• BOURBON, CHARLES, DUKE OF (149o-1527)

Bourbon, See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince of See also:

• CONTI, NICOLO
• CONTI, PRINCES OF

Conti, abandoned the contest and returned to France . Augustus continued the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war against the Turks for a See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, and being anxious to extend his See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence and to find a pretext for retaining the Saxon troops in Poland, made an See also:

• ALLIANCE

alliance in 1699 with See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia and See also:

• DENMARK
• DENMARK (Danmark)

Denmark against See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles XII. of See also:

• SWEDEN
• SWEDEN [Sverige]
• SWEDEN, NORWAY AND

Sweden . The Poles would not assist, and at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of the See also:

• SAXONS

Saxons Augustus invaded See also:

• LIVONIA, or LIVLAND (Russian, Liflandia)

Livonia, but for various causes the See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign was not a success, and in See also:

• JULY

July 1702 he was defeated by Charles at Klissow . Augustus was then deposed in Poland, and after holding See also:

• WARSAW
• WARSAW (Polish Warszawa, Ger. Warschau, Fr. Varsovie)

Warsaw for a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short time he fled to Saxony . The alliance with Russia was renewed and in reply Charles invaded Saxony in 1706, and compelled the elector to sign the treaty of See also:

• ALTRANSTADT

Altranstadt in September of that See also:

• YEAR

year, to recognize See also:

• STANISLAUS

Stanislaus Leszczynski as his successor in Poland, and to abandon the See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian alliance . During the War of the See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

Succession, Augustus fought with the imperialists in the See also:

• NETHERLANDS

Netherlands, but after the defeat of Charles XII. at Poltawa in July 1709, he turned his See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention to the recovery of Poland . Declaring the treaty of Altranstadt void and renewing his alliance with Russia and Denmark, he quickly recovered the Polish See also:

• CROWN

crown . He then attacked See also:

• SWEDISH

Swedish See also:

• POMERANIA (German, Pommern)

Pomerania .

He was handicapped by the mutual See also:

• JEALOUSY (adapted from Fr. jalousie, formed from jaloux, jealous, Low Lat. zelosus, Gr. j'i os, ardour, zeal, from the root seen in '&u', to boil, ferment; cf. " yeast ")

jealousy of the Saxons and the Poles, and a struggle See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke out in Poland which was only ended when the king promised to limit the number of his See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army in that country to 18,000 men . See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

Peace was made with Sweden in See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1719 at See also:

• STOCKHOLM

Stockholm after the death of Charles XII., and Augustus was recognized as king of Poland . His remaining years were spent in futile plans to make Poland a hereditary See also:

• MONARCHY (Fr. monarchic, from Lat. monarchia, Gr. uovapXia, rule of one, µbvos, alone, apXi7, rule)

monarchy, to weaken the See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power of the Saxon nobles, and to gain territory for his sons in various parts of See also:

• EUROPE

Europe . He was a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of extravagant and luxurious tastes, and, although he greatly improved the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of Dresden, he cannot be called a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good ruler . He sought to govern Saxony in an See also:

• ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute See also:

• FASHION (adapted from Fr. facon, agon, Lat. factio, making, facere, to do or make)

fashion, and, in spite of his See also:

• DECLARATION (from Lat. declarare, to make fully clear, clams)

declaration that his See also:

• CONVERSION (Lat. conversio, from convertere, to turn or ,change)

conversion to Roman Catholicism was See also:

• PERSONAL

personal only, assisted the spread of the teachings of See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome . His wife was Christine Eberhardine, a member of the See also:

• HOHENZOLLERN

Hohenzollern See also:

• FAMILY

family, who See also:

• LEFT

left him when he became a Roman Catholic, and died in 1727 . Augustus died at Warsaw on the 1st of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1733, leaving a son Frederick Augustus, who succeeded him in Poland and Saxony, and many illegitimate See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children, among whom was the famous See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general, See also:

• MAURICE (1521–1553)
• MAURICE (MAURICIUS FLAVIUS TIBERIUS) (c. 539–602)
• MAURICE [or MAURITIUS], ST (d. c. 286)
• MAURICE, JOHN FREDERICK DENISON (1805-1872)

Maurice of Saxony, known as See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

Marshal See also:

• SAXE, JOHN GODFREY (1816-1887)
• SAXE, MAURICE, COMTE DE (1696-1750)

Saxe (q.v.) . See Otwikowski, See also:

• HISTORY

History of Poland under Augustus H . (See also:

• CRACOW (Pol. Krakov; Ger. Krakau)

Cracow, 1849) ; F . See also:

• FORSTER, FRANCOIS (179o-,872)
• FORSTER, FRIEDRICH CHRISTOPH (1791-1868)
• FORSTER, JOHANN GEORG ADAM (1754-1794)
• FORSTER, JOHN (1812-1876)
• FORSTER, JOHN COOPER (1823-1886)
• FORSTER, WILLIAM EDWARD (1818-1886)

Forster, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Hofe and Kabinette Europas See also:

• IM(K2+a2+h2—2 ah cos 0)

im achtzehnten Jahrhundert (See also:

• POTSDAM

Potsdam, 1839) ; Jarochowski, History of Augustus II . (See also:

• POSEN
• POSEN (Polish Poznan)

Posen, 1856–1874) ; C . W .

See also:

• BOTTIGER, KARL AUGUST (176o-1835)

Bottiger and T . Flathe, Geschichte See also:

• DES

des Kurstaates and Konigreichs Sachsen (See also:

• GOTHA

Gotha, 1867-1873) .