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DON JOSE NICHOLAS DE AZARA (1731-1804)

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 79 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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DON JOSE See also:NICHOLAS DE See also:AZARA (1731-1804)  , See also:Spanish diplomatist, was See also:born in 1731 at Barbunales, See also:Aragon, and was appointed in 1765 Spanish See also:agent and See also:procurator See also:general, and in 1785 See also:ambassador at See also:Rome . During his See also:long See also:residence there he distinguished himself as a See also:collector of See also:Italian antiquities and as a See also:patron of See also:art . He was also an able and active diplomatist, took a leading See also:share in the difficult and hazardous task of the See also:expulsion of the See also:Jesuits from See also:Spain, and was instrumental in securing the See also:election of See also:Pius VI . He withdrew to See also:Florence when the See also:French took See also:possession of Rome in 1798, but acted on behalf of the See also:pope during his See also:exile and after his See also:death at See also:Valence in 1799 . He was afterwards Spanish ambassador in See also:Paris . In that See also:post it was his misfortune to be forced by his See also:government to conduct the negotiations which led to the treaty of See also:San Ildefonso, by which Spain was wholly subjected to See also:Napoleon . See also:Azara was friendly to a French See also:alliance, but his experience showed him that his See also:country was being sacrificed to Napoleon . The First See also:Consul liked him personally, and found him easy to See also:influence . Azara died, worn out, in Paris in 1804 . His end was undoubtedly embittered by his See also:discovery of the ills which the French alliance must produce for Spain . Several sympathetic notices of Azara will be found in See also:Thiers, Consulat et See also:Empire . See also Reinado de See also:Carlos IV, by Gen .

J . See also:

Gomez de Arteche, in the Historia General de Espana, published by the R . Acad. de la Historia, See also:Madrid, 1892, &c . There is a See also:Notice historique sur be See also:Chevalier d'Azara by Bourgoing (1804.) . His younger See also:brother, See also:DON See also:FELIX DE AZARA (1746-181I), spent twenty years in See also:South See also:America as a See also:commissioner for delimiting the boundary between the Spanish and Portuguese territories . He made many observations on the natural See also:history of the country, which, together with an See also:account of the discovery and history of See also:Paraguay and Rio de la See also:Plata, were incorporated in his See also:principal See also:work, Voyage daps l'Amerique meridionale depuis 1781 jusqu'en 18or, published at Paris in 1809 in French from his MS. by C . A . Walckenaer .

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