See also:

• SIR

SIR See also:

• NICHOLAS
• NICHOLAS (1841– )
• NICHOLAS (or NICLAES), HENRY (or HENDRIK) (c. 1501-C. 158o)
• NICHOLAS, SIR EDWARD (1593-1669)
• NICHOLAS, ST

NICHOLAS See also:

• BACON
• BACON (through the O. Fr. bacon, Low Lat. baco, from a Teutonic word cognate with " back," e.g. O. H. Ger. pacho, M. H. Ger. backe, buttock, flitch of bacon)
• BACON, FRANCIS (BARON VERULAM, VISCOUNT ST ALBANS) (1561-1626)
• BACON, JOHN (1740–1799)
• BACON, LEONARD (1802–1881)
• BACON, ROGER (c. 1214-c. 1294)
• SIR NICHOLAS BACON (1509-1579)

BACON (1509-1579)  , See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

lord keeper of the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• SEAL
• SEAL, FUR
• SEAL, HAIR

seal of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England during the reign of See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth, was the second son of See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert See also:

• BACON
• BACON (through the O. Fr. bacon, Low Lat. baco, from a Teutonic word cognate with " back," e.g. O. H. Ger. pacho, M. H. Ger. backe, buttock, flitch of bacon)
• BACON, FRANCIS (BARON VERULAM, VISCOUNT ST ALBANS) (1561-1626)
• BACON, JOHN (1740–1799)
• BACON, LEONARD (1802–1881)
• BACON, ROGER (c. 1214-c. 1294)
• BACON, SIR NICHOLAS (1509-1579)

Bacon of Drinkstone, See also:

• SUFFOLK
• SUFFOLK, CHARLES BRANDON, 1ST DUKE OF (c. 1484–'545)
• SUFFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• SUFFOLK, THOMAS HOWARD, 1ST EARL OF (1561-1626)
• SUFFOLK, WILLIAM DE LA POLE

Suffolk, and was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• CHISLEHURST

Chislehurst . He was educated at Corpus Christi See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge, graduating B.A. in 1527, and afterwards spent some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris . Having returned to England and entered See also:

• GRAY
• GRAY (or GREY), WALTER DE (d. 1255)
• GRAY, ASA (1810-1888)
• GRAY, DAVID (1838-1861)
• GRAY, ELISHA (1835-1901)
• GRAY, HENRY PETERS (1819-18/7)
• GRAY, HORACE (1828–1902)
• GRAY, JOHN DE (d. 1214)
• GRAY, JOHN EDWARD (1800–1875)
• GRAY, PATRICK GRAY, 6TH BARON (d. 1612)
• GRAY, ROBERT (1809-1872)
• GRAY, SIR THOMAS (d. c. 1369)
• GRAY, THOMAS (1716-1771)

Gray's See also:

• INN

Inn, he was called to the See also:

• BAR
• BAR (0. Fr. barre, Late Lat. barra, origin unknown)
• BAR, CONFEDERATION OF
• BAR, FRANCOIS DE (1538-1606)
• BAR, THE

bar in 1533, and four years later began his public See also:

• LIFE

life as See also:

• SOLICITOR

solicitor of the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of augmentations . Quickly becoming a See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person of importance he obtained a number of estates, principally in the eastern counties, after the See also:

• DISSOLUTION (from Lat. dissolvere, to break up into parts)

dissolution of the monasteries, and in 1545 became member of See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament for See also:

• DARTMOUTH
• DARTMOUTH, EARL OF

Dartmouth . In 1546 he was made See also:

• ATTORNEY (from O. Fr. atorne, a person appointed to act for another, from atourner, legal Lat. attornare, attorn, literally to turn over to another or commit business to another)

attorney of the court of wards and liveries, an See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office of both See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour and profit; in 1550 became a bencher and in 1552 treasurer of Gray's Inn . Although his sympathies were with the Protestants, he retained his office in the court of wards during See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary's reign, but an See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order was issued to prevent him from leaving England . The important See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period in Bacon's life began with the See also:

• ACCESSION (from Lat. accedere, to go to, to approach)

accession of Elizabeth in 1558• Owing largely to his See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long and See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close friendship with See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• CECIL

Cecil, afterwards Lord See also:

• BURGHLEY, WILLIAM CECIL, BARON (1521-1598)

Burghley, his See also:

• BROTHER

brother-in-See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, he was appointed lord keeper of the great seal in See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December of this See also:

• YEAR

year, and was soon afterwards made a privy councillor and a See also:

• KNIGHT, CHARLES (1791-1873)
• KNIGHT, DANIEL RIDGWAY (1845– )
• KNIGHT, JOHN BUXTON (1843–1908)

knight . He was instrumental in securing the archbishopric of See also:

• CANTERBURY
• CANTERBURY, CHARLES

Canterbury for his friend See also:

• MATTHEW, GOSPEL OF ST
• MATTHEW, ST (MaOOaior or MarOaIos, probably a shortened form of the Hebrew equivalent to Theodorus)
• MATTHEW, TOBIAS

Matthew See also:

• PARKER, JOHN HENRY (1806-1884)
• PARKER, JOSEPH (183o-1902)
• PARKER, MARTIN (c. 1600-c. 1656)
• PARKER, MATTHEW (1504-1575)
• PARKER, SAMUEL (164o-1688)
• PARKER, SIR GILBERT (1862— )
• PARKER, SIR HYDE, BART
• PARKER, THEODORE (1810-186o)

Parker, and in his See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official capacity pre-sided over the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House of Lords when Elizabeth opened her first parliament . In opposition to Cecil, he objected to the policy of making See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war on See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France in the interests of the enemies of Mary queen of Scots, on the ground of the poverty of England; but afterwards favoured a closer See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union with See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign Protestants, and seemed quite alive to the danger to his See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country from the allied and aggressive religious policy of France and See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland . In 1559 he was authorized to exercise the full See also:

• JURISDICTION
• JURISDICTION, CRIMINAL LAW, DIVORCE

jurisdiction of lord See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor . In 1564 he See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell temporarily into the royal disfavour and was dismissed from court, because Elizabeth suspected he was concerned in the publication of a pamphlet, " A See also:

• DECLARATION (from Lat. declarare, to make fully clear, clams)

Declaration of the See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

Succession of the See also:

• CROWNE, JOHN (d. c. 1703)

Crowne Imperiall of Ingland," written by See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• HALES, JOHN (1584-1656)
• HALES, or HAYLES, JOHN (d. 1571)
• HALES, STEPHEN (1677-1761)

Hales (q.v.), and favouring the claim of See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady See also:

• CATHERINE
• CATHERINE, SAINT

Catherine See also:

• GREY, CHARLES GREY, 2ND EARL (1764-1845)
• GREY, HENRY GREY, 3RD EARL (1802-1894)
• GREY, LADY JANE (1537-1554)
• GREY, SIR EDWARD
• GREY, SIR GEORGE (1812–1898)

Grey to the See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• THRONE

throne . Bacon's innocence having been admitted he was restored to favour, and replied to a See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing by Sir See also:

• ANTHONY, SAINT
• ANTHONY, SUSAN BROWNELL (1820-1906)

Anthony See also:

• BROWNE
• BROWNE, EDWARD HAROLD (18,1–1891)
• BROWNE, ISAAC HAWKINS (1705-1760)
• BROWNE, JAMES (1793–1841)
• BROWNE, MAXIMILIAN ULYSSES, COUNT VON, BARON DE CAMUS AND MOUNTANY (1705-1757)
• BROWNE, PETER (?1665-1735)
• BROWNE, ROBERT (1550-1633)
• BROWNE, SIR JAMES (1839–1896)
• BROWNE, SIR THOMAS (1605-1682)
• BROWNE, WILLIAM (1591–1643)
• BROWNE, WILLIAM GEORGE (1768-1813)

Browne, who had again asserted the rights of the house of Suffolk to which Lady Catherine belonged .

He thoroughly distrusted Mary queen of Scots; objected to the proposal to marry her-tb the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• NORFOLK
• NORFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Norfolk; and warned Elizabeth that serious See also:

• CON

con-sequences for England would follow her restoration . He seems to have disliked the proposed See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage between the English queen and See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis, duke of See also:

• ANJOU

Anjou, and his distrust of the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman Catholics and the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French was increased by the See also:

• MASSACRE

massacre of St See also:

• BARTHOLOMEW, JOHN (1831-1893)
• BARTHOLOMEW, SAINT

Bartholomew . As a loyal English churchman he was ceaselessly interested in ecclesiastical matters, and made suggestions for the better observation of See also:

• DOCTRINE

doctrine and discipline in the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church . He died in See also:

• LONDON

London on the 20th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1579 and was buried in St See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul's See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral, his See also:

• DEATH

death calling forth many tributes to his memory . He was an eloquent See also:

• SPEAKER

speaker, a learned lawyer, a generous friend; and his See also:

• INTEREST

interest in See also:

• EDUCATION

education led him to make several gifts and bequests for educational purposes, including the See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation of a See also:

• FREE

free See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

grammar school at See also:

• REDGRAVE, RICHARD (1804-1888)

Redgrave . His figure was very corpulent and ungainly . Elizabeth visited him several times at Gorhambury, and had previously visited him atRedgrave . He was twice married and by his first wife, Jane, had three sons and three daughters . His second wife was See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne (d . 1610), daughter of Sir Anthony See also:

• COOKE, GEORGE FREDERICK (1756–1811)
• COOKE, JAY (1821–1905)
• COOKE, ROSE TERRY (1827-1892)

Cooke, by whom he had two sons . Bacon's eldest son, _Nicholas (c . 1540—1624), was member of parliament for the See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county of Suffolk and in 16,1 was created premier See also:

• BARONET

baronet of England .

This baronetcy is still held by his descendants . His second and third sons, Nathaniel (c . 1550—1622 and See also:

• EDWARD

Edward (c . 1550—1618), also took some See also:

• PART

part in public life, and through his daughter, Anne, Nathaniel was an ancestor of the marquesses See also:

• TOWNSHEND, CHARLES (1725-1767)
• TOWNSHEND, CHARLES TOWNSHEND, 2ND VISCOUNT (1674-1738)
• TOWNSHEND, GEORGE TOWNSHEND, 1ST MARQUESS (1724-1807)

Townshend . His sons by his second wife were Anthony (1558—1601), a diplomatist of some repute, and the illustrious Francis Bacon (q.v.) . See G . See also:

• WHETSTONE, GEORGE (1544?-1587?)

Whetstone, "Remembraunce of the life of Sir N . Bacon," in the Frondes Caducae (London, 1816) ; J . A . See also:

• FRONDE, THE

Fronde, See also:

• HISTORY

History of England, passim (London, 1881 f.) .