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BALAGHAT (i.e. " above the ghats or p...

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 233 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BALAGHAT (i.e. " above the ghats or passes," the highlands)  , a
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district of
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British India in the
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Nagpur division of the Central Provinces . The administrative headquarters are at the
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town of Burha . The district contains an
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area of 3132 sq. m . It forms the eastern portion of the central plateau which divides the 'T . Steuernagel, Einwanderung der israelitischen Stamm (1901) . province from east to west . These highlands, formerly known as the
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Raigarh Bichhia tract, remained desolate and neglected until 1866, when the district of Balaghat was formed, and the country opened to the industrious and enterprising peasantry of the
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Wainganga valley . Geographically the district is divided into three distinct parts :'-(i) The
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southern lowlands, a slightly undulating plain, comparatively well cultivated and drained by the Wainganga, Bagh, Deo, Ghisri and Son rivers . (2) The long narrow valley known as the Mau Taluka, lying between the hills and the Wainganga
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river, and comprising a long, narrow, irregular-shaped
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lowland tract, intersected by hill ranges and peaks covered with dense jungle, and
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running generally from north to south . (3) The lofty plateau, inwhich is situated the Raigarh Bichhia tract, comprising irregular ranges of hills, broken into numerous valleys, and generally running from east to west . The highest points in the hills of the district are as follows:—Peaks above Lanji, 2300 or 2500 feet; Tepagarh hill,, about 2600 ft . ; and Bhainsaghat range, about 3000 ft. above the sea .

The

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principal rivers in the district are the Wainganga, and its tributaries, the Bagh, Nahra and Uskal ; a few smaller streams, such as the Masmar, the Mahkara, &c: ; and the Banjar, Halon and Jamunia, tributaries of the Nerbudda, which drain a portion of the upper plateau . In the
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middle of the 19th century the upper
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part of the district was an impenetrable waste . About that time one Lachhman Naik established the first villages on the Paraswara plateau . But ' a handsome Buddhist temple of cut stone, belonging to some remote period, is suggestive of a
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civilization which had disappeared before historic times . The population in tool was 326,521, showing a decrease of 15% in the decade, due to the effects of famine . A large part of the area is still covered with
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forest, the most valuable
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timber-tree being sal . There are few good roads . The Gondia-Jubbulpore
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line of the Bengal-Nagpur railway traverses the Wainganga valley in the west of the district . The district suffered very severely from the famine of 1896-1897 . It suffered again in 1900, when in
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April the number of persons relieved rose above
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ioo,000 .

End of Article: BALAGHAT (i.e. " above the ghats or passes," the highlands)
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