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JOHN BALLANCE (1839-1893)

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 268 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JOHN See also:BALLANCE (1839-1893)  , New See also:Zealand statesman, eldest son of See also:Samuel See also:Ballance, See also:farmer, of Glenavy, See also:Antrim, See also:Ulster, was See also:born on the 27th of See also:March 1839 . He was educated at a See also:national school, and, on leaving, was apprenticed to an ironmonger at See also:Belfast . He became a clerk in a wholesale ironmonger's See also:house in See also:Birmingham, and migrated to New Zealand, intending to start in business there as a small jeweller . After settling at See also:Wanganui, however, he took an opportunity, soon offered, of See also:founding a newspaper, the Wanganui See also:Herald, of which he became editor and remained See also:chief owner for the See also:rest of his See also:life . During the fighting with the See also:Maori chief Titokowaru, in '867, Ballance was concerned in the raising of a See also:troop of volunteer See also:horse, in which he received a ' See also:commission . Of this he was deprived owing to the See also:appearance in his newspaper of articles criticizing the management of the See also:campaign . He had, however, behaved well in the See also:field, and, in spite of his dismissal, was awarded the New Zealand See also:war See also:medal . He entered the See also:colony's See also:parliament in 1875 and, with one See also:interval (1881-1884), sat there till his See also:death . Ballance was a member of three ministries, that of See also:Sir See also:George See also:Grey (1877-1879); that of Sir See also:Robert Stout (1884-1887); and that of which he himself was premier (1891-1893) . His See also:alliance with Grey ended with a notorious and very painful See also:quarrel . In the Stout See also:government his portfolios were those of lands and native affairs; but it was at the See also:treasury that his prudent and successful See also:finance made the chief See also:mark . As native See also:minister his policy was pacific and humane, and in his last years he contrived to adjust equitably certain See also:long-See also:standing difficulties See also:relating to reserved lands on the See also:west See also:coast of the See also:North See also:Island .

He was resolutely opposed to the See also:

sale of See also:crown lands for See also:cash, and advocated with effect their disposal by perpetual See also:lease . His See also:system of See also:state-aided " See also:village settlements," by which small farms were allotted to peasants holding by lease from the crown, and See also:money See also:lent them to make a beginning of See also:building and cultivation, has been on the whole successful . To Ballance, also, was due the See also:law reducing the life-See also:tenure of legislative councillors to one of seven years . He was actively concerned in the advocacy of woman See also:suffrage . But his best known achievement was the See also:imposition, in 1891, of the progressive See also:land-tax and progressive income-tax still levied in the colony . As premier he brought together the strong experimental and progressive party which long held See also:office in New Zealand . In office he showed debating See also:power, constructive skill and tact in managing men; but in 1893, at the height of his success and popularity, he died at See also:Wellington of an intestinal disease after a severe surgical operation . Quiet and unassuming in manner, Ballance, who was a well-read See also:man, always seemed fonder of his books and his See also:chess-See also:board than of public bustle; yet his loss to New Zealand See also:political life was See also:great . A statue was erected to his memory in front of Parliament House, Wellington . (W . P .

End of Article: JOHN BALLANCE (1839-1893)
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