See also:

• ETIENNE, CHARLES GUILLAUME (1778-1845)

ETIENNE See also:

• ETIENNE BALUZE (1630-1718)

BALUZE (1630-1718)  , See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• SCHOLAR, SCHOLARSHIP

scholar, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• TULLE

Tulle on the 24th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 163o . He was educated at his native See also:

• TOWN

town and took See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

minor orders . As secretary to See also:

• PIERRE

Pierre de See also:

• MARCA, PIERRE DE (1594-1662)

Marca, See also:

• ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

archbishop of See also:

• TOULOUSE
• TOULOUSE, LOUIS ALEXANDRE DE BOURBON, COUNT OF (1678-1737)

Toulouse, he won the appreciation of that learned See also:

• PRELATE (Lat. praelatus, set above, from praefero, prefer)

prelate to such a degree that at his See also:

• DEATH

death Marca See also:

• LEFT

left him all his papers . Thus it came about that See also:

• BALUZE, ETIENNE (1630-1718)

Baluze produced the first See also:

• COMPLETE

complete edition of Marca's See also:

• TREATISE

treatise De libertatibus Ecclesiae Gallicanae (1663), and brought out his Marca hispanica (1688 f.) . About 1667 Baluze entered See also:

• COLBERT, JEAN BAPTISTE (1619-1683)

Colbert's service, and until 1700 was in See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge of the invaluable library belonging to that See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister and to his son the See also:

• MARQUIS

marquis de Seignelai . He enriched it prodigiously (see the See also:

• HISTORY

history of the Colbertine library in the See also:

• CABINET

Cabinet See also:

• DES

des Manuscrits by M . See also:

• LEOPOLD (M.H. Ger. Liupolt; O.H. Ger. Liupald, from hut, Mod. Ger. Leute, " people," and paid, " bold," i.e. " bold for the people ")

Leopold See also:

• DELISLE, JOSEPH NICOLAS (1688-1768)
• DELISLE, L OPOLD VICTOR (1826– )

Delisle, vol. i.), and Colbert rewarded him by obtaining various benefices for him, and the See also:

• POST

post of See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king's See also:

• ALMONER (from Lat. eleemosynarius, through med. Lat. almosynarius, almonarius, and Fr. almosnier, aumosniea, &c., mod. Fr. aumonier)

almoner (1679) . Subsequently Baluze was appointed See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of See also:

• CANON

Canon See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law at the See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College de See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France on the 31st of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1689, and directed that See also:

• GREAT

great institution from 1707 to 1710 . The See also:

• WORKS

works which See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place him in the first See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank of the scholars of his See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time are the Capitularia Regum Francorum (1674; new edition enlarged and corrected in 178o) ; the Nova Collectio Conciliorum (4 vols., 1677); the Miscellanea (7 vols., 1678-1715; new edition revised by Mansi, 4 vols. f., 1761-1764); the Letters of See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

Pope See also:

• INNOCENT (INNOCENTIUS)
• INNOCENT (POPES)

Innocent III . (1682); and, finally, the Vitae Paparum Avenionensium, 1305-1394 (1693) . But he was unfortunate enough to take up the history of See also:

• AUVERGNE

Auvergne just at the time when the See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

cardinal de See also:

• BOUILLON

Bouillon, inheritor of the rights, and above all of the ambitious pretensions of the La Tour See also:

• FAMILY

family, was endeavouring to prove the descent of that See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house in the See also:

• DIRECT

direct See also:

• LINE

line from the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient hereditary See also:

• COUNTS

counts of Auvergne of the 9th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . As See also:

• AUTHENTIC (from Gr. aOO 'rns, one who does a thing himself)

authentic documents in support of these pretensions could not be found, false ones were fabricated .

The See also:

• PRODUCTION (Lat. productionem, from producere, to pro-duce)

production of See also:

• SPURIOUS

spurious genealogies had already been begun in the Histoire de la maison d'Auvergne published by Christophe Justel in 1645; and Chorier, the historian of Dauphiny, had included in the second See also:

• VOLUME

volume of his history (1672) a forged See also:

• DEED (in O. Eng. dead, from the stem of the verb " to do ")

deed which connected the La See also:

• TOURS

Tours of Dauphiny with the La Tours of Auvergne . Next a See also:

• REGULAR

regular manufactory of forged documents was organized by a certain See also:

• JEAN

Jean de See also:

• BAR
• BAR (0. Fr. barre, Late Lat. barra, origin unknown)
• BAR, CONFEDERATION OF
• BAR, FRANCOIS DE (1538-1606)
• BAR, THE

Bar, an intimate See also:

• COMPANION (through the O. Fr. compaignon or compagnon, from the Late Lat. companio,—cum, with, and panis, bread,—one who shares meals with another; the word has been wrongly derived from the Late Lat. compagnus, one of the same pages or district)

companion of the cardinal . These rogues were skilful enough, for they succeeded in duping the most illustrious scholars; Dom Jean See also:

• MABILLON, JOHN (1632-1707)

Mabillon, the founder of Diplomatics, Dom See also:

• THIERRY

Thierry Ruinart and Baluze himself, called as experts, made a unanimously favourable See also:

• REPORT (O.Fr. report or raport, modern rapport, from O.Fr. reporter, mod. rap porter, Lat. reportare, to bring back, in poetical use only, of bringing back an account, news, &c.)

report on the 23rd of See also:

• JULY

July 1695 . But cardinal de Bouillon had many enemies, and a See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war of See also:

• PAMPHLETS

pamphlets began . In See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1698 Baluze in reply wrote a See also:

• LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

Letter which proved nothing . Two years later, in 1700, Jean de Bar and his accomplices were arrested, and after a See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long and searching inquiry were declared guilty in 1704 . Baluze, nevertheless, was obstinate in his See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion . He was convinced that the incriminated documents were genuine and proposed to do Justel's See also:

• WORK

work anew . Encouraged and financially supported by the cardinal de Bouillon, he first produced a Table genealogique in 1705, and then in 1709 a Histoire genealogique de la maison d' Auvergne, with " Proofs," among which, unfortunately, we find all the deeds which had been pronounced spurious . In the following See also:

• YEAR

year he was suddenly engulfed in the disgrace which overtook his intriguing See also:

• PATRON

patron: deprived of his appointments, See also:

• PENSIONS

pensions and benefices, he was exiled far from See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris . None the less he continued to work, and in 1717 published a history of his native town, Historiae Tutelensis libri tres . Before his death he succeeded in returning to Paris, where he died unconvinced of his errors on the 28th of July 1718 .

Was he dupe or See also:

• ACCOMPLICE (from Fr. complice, conspirator, Lat. complex, a sharer, associate, complicare, to fold together; the ac- is possibly due to confusion with " accomplish," to complete, Lat. complere, to fill up)

accomplice ? The study of his See also:

• CORRESPONDENCE
• CORRESPONDENCE (from med. scholastic Lat. correspondentia, corrcspondere, compounded of Lat. cum, with, and respond ere, to answer; cf. Fr. correspondance)

correspondence with the cardinal gives the impression that he was the victim of See also:

• CLEVER

clever cheats . The history of the forgeries committed in the interests of the house of Bouillon forms a curious and instructive See also:

• EPISODE

episode in the history of French scholarship in the time of See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XIV . It is to be found in the See also:

• MANUEL, EUGENE (1823–1901)
• MANUEL, JACQUES ANTOINE (1775-1827)
• MANUEL, LOUIS PIERRE (1751-1793)

Manuel de diplomatique by A . See also:

• GIRY (JEAN MARIE JOSEPH), ARTHUR (1848-1899)

Giry; and above all in a See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note to the Euvres de See also:

• SAINT (lat. sanctus, " holy ")

Saint-See also:

• SIMON, ABRAHAM (1622-1692)
• SIMON, JULES FRANCOIS (1814–1896)
• SIMON, RICHARD (1638–1712)
• SIMON, SIR JOHN (1816–1904)
• SIMON, THOMAS (c. 1623-1665)

Simon by M. de Boislisle (vol. xiv. pp . 533–558) . The bibliography of Baluze's researches has been made by M . Rene Fage (1882, 1884) and his See also:

• LIFE

Life told by M . Emile Fage (1899) . To these we must add an amusing See also:

• BOOK

book by G . See also:

• CLEMENT (Lat. Clemens, i.e. merciful; Gr. K)4gs)
• CLEMENT, FRANCOIS (1714-1793)
• CLEMENT, JACQUES (1567-1589)

Clement-Simon, La Gaiete de Baluze; documents biographiques et litteraires (1888) . Baluze's will has been published by M .

Leopold Delisle (Bibliotheque de l'Ecole de See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles, 1872) ; his papers are now in the Bibliotheque Nationale in Paris, and in the Bibliotheque de 1'See also:

• ARSENAL

Arsenal (Revue historique, t. xcviii. p . 309) . See also the See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article by See also:

• ARTHUR (Fr. Arius)
• ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN (1830 – 1886)

Arthur de Boislisle in the Revue des questions historiques for See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1908 . (C .