See also:

• BARRATRY (O. Fr. bareter, barater, to barter or cheat)

BARRATRY (O. Fr. bareter, barater, to See also:

• BARTER (from Fr. barater, to truck, to exchange)

barter or cheat)  , in See also:

• ENGLISH

English criminal See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, the offence (more usually called See also:

• COMMON

common See also:

• BARRATRY (O. Fr. bareter, barater, to barter or cheat)

barratry) of constantly inciting and stirring up quarrels in disturbance of the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace, either in courts or elsewhere . It is an offence both at common law and by See also:

• STATUTE

statute, and is punishable by See also:

• FINE

fine and imprisonment . By a statute of 1726, if the See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person guilty of common barratry belonged to the profession of the law, he was disabled from practising in the future . It is a cumulative offence, and it is necessary to prove at least three commissions of the See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act . For nearly two centuries there had been no See also:

• RECORD (Lat. recordari, to recall to mind, from cor, heart or mind)

record of an See also:

• INDICTMENT (from Anglo-Fr. enditernent, enditer, to charge; Lat. in, against, dictare, declare)

indictment having been preferred for this offence, but in 1889 a See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case occurred at the See also:

• GUILDFORD

Guildford summer assizes, R. v . Bellgrove (The Times, 8th See also:

• JULY

July 1889) . As, however, the See also:

• DEFENDANT

defendant was convicted of another offence, the See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge was not proceeded upon . (See See also:

• POLLOCK

Pollock and See also:

• MAITLAND (MAITLAND OF LETHINGTON), WILLIAM
• MAITLAND, EAST
• MAITLAND, EDWARD (1824-1897)
• MAITLAND, FREDERIC WILLIAM (1850-1906)
• MAITLAND, SIR RICHARD (LORD LETHINGTON) (1496-r586)

Maitland, See also:

• HISTORY

History of English Law; See also:

• RUSSELL (FAMILY)
• RUSSELL, ISRAEL COOK (1852- )
• RUSSELL, JOHN (1745-1806)
• RUSSELL, JOHN (d. 1494)
• RUSSELL, JOHN RUSSELL, 1ST EARL (1792-1878)
• RUSSELL, JOHN SCOTT (1808–1882)
• RUSSELL, LORD WILLIAM (1639–1683)
• RUSSELL, SIR WILLIAM HOWARD
• RUSSELL, THOMAS (1762-1788)
• RUSSELL, WILLIAM CLARK (1844– )

Russell, Crimes and Misdemeanours; See also:

• STEPHEN
• STEPHEN (1097?-1154)
• STEPHEN (ISTVAN) BATHORY (1533-1586)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES (1789-1859)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES FITZJAMES, BART
• STEPHEN, SIR LESLIE (1832-1904)

Stephen, Criminal Law.) In marine See also:

• INSURANCE

insurance barratry is any See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind of See also:

• FRAUD (Lat. fraus, deceit)

fraud committed upon the owner or insurers of a See also:

• SHIP

ship by a See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master with the intention of benefiting himself at their expense . See also:

• CONTINENTAL

Continental jurists give a wider meaning to barratry, as meaning any wilful act by the master or See also:

• CREW (sometimes explained as a sea term of Scandinavian origin, cf. O. Icel. kris, a swarm or crowd, but now regarded as a shortened form of accrue, accrewe, used in the 16th century in the sense of a reinforcement, O. Fr. acreue, from accrofire, to grow,
• CREW, NATHANIEL CREW, 3RD BARON (1633–1721)

crew, by whatever See also:

• MOTIVE (from Lat. movere, to move)

motive induced, whereby the owners or charterers are damnified . In bills of See also:

• LADING (from " to lade," O. Eng. hladan, to put cargo on board; cf. " load "), BILL OF

lading it is usual to except it from the shipowners' liability (see See also:

• AFFREIGHTMENT (from " freight," q.v.)

AFFREIGHTMENT) . In See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland, barratry is the See also:

• CRIME (Lat. crimen, accusation)

crime committed by a See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge who. is induced by See also:

• BRIBERY (from the O. Fr. briberie, begging or vagrancy, bribe, Mid. Lat. briba, signifying a piece of bread given to beggars; the Eng. " bribe " has passed through the meanings of alms, blackmail and extortion, to gifts received or given in order to influ

bribery to pronounce See also:

• JUDGMENT

judgment .