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See also:BASEL (Fr. Belle, but Basle is a wholly erroneous See also:form; Ital. Basilea)
, the See also:capital of the Swiss See also:half See also:canton of See also:Basel Stadt or See also:Bale Ville
.
It is now the second most populous (109,165 inhabit-ants) See also:town (ranking after See also:Zurich) in the Swiss See also:Confederation, while it is reputed to be the richest, the number of See also:resident millionaires (in francs) exceeding that of any other Swiss town
.
Both facts are largely due to the opening (1882) of the St Gotthard railway, as merchandise collected from every See also:part of See also:north and central See also:Europe is stored in Basel previous to being redistributed by means of that See also:line
.
Hence the See also:city has an extremely large and flourishing transit See also:trade, despite the. rather dingy See also:appearance of its older portions
.
The city is divided by the See also:Rhine into See also:Gross Basel (See also:south) and See also:Klein Basel (north), the former being by far the larger
.
There are several See also:bridges over the See also:river, the old wooden See also:bridge having been replaced in 1905 by one built of See also:
1531), See also:Grynaeus (d
.
1541), See also:Buxtorf (d
.
1732)
.
The 16th-See also:century Rathaus or town See also: Henceforth the See also:history of the city-is that of the growing See also:power, spiritual and temporal, of the bishops, whose See also:secular See also:influence was gradually supplanted in the 14th century. by the advance of the See also:rival power of the burghers . In 1356 the city was nearly destroyed by a great earthquake . After See also:long swaying between the neighbouring Rhine cities and the Swiss Confederation, it was admitted into the latter in 15o, . It later. became one of the chief centres of the See also:Reformation See also:movement in Switzerland, so that the bishop retired in 1525 to Porrentruy, where he resided till 1992, finally settling at See also:Soleure in 1828, the bishopric having been wholly reorganized since 1814 . As in other Swiss towns the trade See also:gilds got all See also:political power into their hands, especially by the 18th century . They naturally favoured the city at the expense of the rural districts, so that in 1832 the latter proclaimed their See also:independence, and in 1833 were organized into the half canton of Basel Landschaft, the city forming that of Basel Stadt . See Basler Biographien (3 vols., 19oo—r9o5) ; Basler Chroniken (original See also:chronicles), (5 vols., See also:Leipzig, 1872—1890) ; H . See also:Boos, Geschichte von Basel, vol. i . (to 1501) alone published (1877); A . See also:Burckhardt, Bilder aus d . Geschichte von Basel (3 vols., 1869—1882) ; Festschrift z . 400ten Jahrestage d. ewig . Bundes zwisch . B. and den Eidgenossen (1901) ; T . Geering, See also:Handel and Industrie d . Stadt Basel (1885) ; A . Heusler, Verfassungsgeschichte d . Stadt Basel See also:im Mittel alter (186o), and Rechtsquellen von Basel (2 vols., 1856—1865); L . A . Stocker, Basler . Stadtbilder (1890); L . Stouff, Pouvoir temporel See also:des eveques de Bale (2 vols., See also:Paris, 1891); R . Thommen, Gesch. d . Universitat B., 1532—1632 0889); Urkundenbuch d . Landschaft B . (pub. from 1881), and See also:ditto for the city (pub. from 1890) ; W . See also:Vischer, Gesch. d . Universitdt B., 146o—r529 (186o) ; R . Wackernagel, Gesch. d . Stadt Basel (3 vols., 1906 sqq.); K . See also:Weber, See also:Die Revolution im Kanton Basel, 1830-1833 (1907) ; G . Gautherot, La Republique rauracienne (1908) . (W . A . B . |
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