See also:

• BASEL (Fr. Bale)
• BASEL (Fr. Belle, but Basle is a wholly erroneous form; Ital. Basilea)
• BASEL, CONFESSION OF
• BASEL, COUNCIL OF

BASEL (Fr. Belle, but Basle is a wholly erroneous See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form; Ital. Basilea)  , the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of the Swiss See also:

• HALF

half See also:

• CANTON
• CANTON (borrowed from the Ital. cantone, a corner or angle)
• CANTON (more correctly KWANG-CHOW Fu)
• CANTON, JOHN (1718-1772)

canton of See also:

• BASEL (Fr. Bale)
• BASEL (Fr. Belle, but Basle is a wholly erroneous form; Ital. Basilea)
• BASEL, CONFESSION OF
• BASEL, COUNCIL OF

Basel Stadt or See also:

• BALE
• BALE, JOHN (1495-1563)

Bale Ville . It is now the second most populous (109,165 inhabit-ants) See also:

• TOWN

town (ranking after See also:

• ZURICH
• ZURICH (Fr. Zurich; Ital. Zurigo)

Zurich) in the Swiss See also:

• CONFEDERATION (Fr. confederation, Lat. confoederatio, from foedus, a league, foederare, to form a league)

Confederation, while it is reputed to be the richest, the number of See also:

• RESIDENT

resident millionaires (in francs) exceeding that of any other Swiss town . Both facts are largely due to the opening (1882) of the St Gotthard railway, as merchandise collected from every See also:

• PART

part of See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north and central See also:

• EUROPE

Europe is stored in Basel previous to being redistributed by means of that See also:

• LINE

line . Hence the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city has an extremely large and flourishing transit See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade, despite the. rather dingy See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance of its older portions . The city is divided by the See also:

• RHINE (Lat. Rhenus, Ger. Rhein, Fr. Rhin, Dutch Rhyn, or Rijn)

Rhine into See also:

• GROSS

Gross Basel (See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south) and See also:

• KLEIN, JULIUS LEOPOLD (1810–1876)

Klein Basel (north), the former being by far the larger . There are several See also:

• BRIDGES
• BRIDGES, ROBERT (1844– )

bridges over the See also:

• RIVER

river, the old wooden See also:

• BRIDGE

bridge having been replaced in 1905 by one built of See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone .. The central or See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main railway station is in Gross Basel, while the See also:

• BADEN
• BADEN, GRAND DUCHY OF

Baden station is in Klein Basel . The most prominent See also:

• BUILDING

building in the city is the See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral or See also:

• MUNSTER
• MUNSTER, SEBASTIAN (1489-1552)

Munster, built of deep red See also:

• SAND
• SAND, GEORGE (1804-1876)

sand-stone, on a See also:

• TERRACE (Fr. terrace, terrasse, from It. terraccia, terrazzo, Lat. terra, earth)

terrace high above the Rhine . It was consecrated in 1019, but was mainly rebuilt after the disastrous See also:

• EARTHQUAKE

earthquake of 1356 that nearly ruined the city . The public meetings of the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• OECUMENICAL (through the Lat. from Gr. oiKOVµevI.KOS, universal, belonging to the whole inhabited world, i] oiKovµtvf sc. y;7, aides, to dwell)

oecumenical See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council (1431–1449) were held in the See also:

• CHOIR (0. Fr. cuer from Lat. chorus; pronounced quire, and until the end of the 17th century so spelt, the spelling being altered to agree with the Fr. chceur)

choir, while the committees sat in the See also:

• CHAPTER (a shortened form of chapiter, a word still used in architecture for a capital; derived from O. Fr. chapitre, Lat. capitellum, diminutive of caput, head)

chapter-See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house . See also:

• ERASMUS, DESIDERIUS (1466–1536)

Erasmus lived in Basel 1521–1529, and on his See also:

• DEATH

death there (1536.) was buried in the cathedral, attached to which are cloisters, in which various celebrated men are buried, e.g . See also:

• OECOLAMPADIUS, JOHN (1482-1531)

Oecolampadius (d .

1531), See also:

• GRYNAEUS (or. GRYNER), JOHANN JAKOB (1540-1617)
• GRYNAEUS, SIMON (1493-1541)

Grynaeus (d . 1541), See also:

• BUXTORF, or BUXTORFF, JOHANNES (1564-1629)
• BUXTORF, or BUXTORIT, JOHANNES (1599-1664)

Buxtorf (d . 1732) . The 16th-See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century Rathaus or town See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall has recently been restored . In the museum is a See also:

• FINE

fine collection of See also:

• WORKS

works of See also:

• ART

art by See also:

• HOLBEIN, HANS

Holbein (who lived in Basel from 1528 to 1531), while the See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical museum (in the old Franciscan See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church) contains many treasures, and among them the fragments of the famous See also:

• DANCE
• DANCE (Fr. danse; of obscure origin, connected with Old High Ger. danson, to stretch)

Dance of Death, wrongly attributed to Holbein . The university (founded by See also:

• PIUS

Pius II. in 146o) is the See also:

• OLDEST

oldest in See also:

• SWITZERLAND

Switzerland, and of See also:

• LATE

late years has been extended by the construction of detached buildings for the study of the natural sciences, e.g. the Vesalianum and the Bernoullianum . The university library is very See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich, and contains the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• MSS

MSS. of the acts of the great oecumenical council . There are a number of See also:

• MODERN

modern monuments in the city, the most important being that set up to the memory of the Swiss who See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell in the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of St See also:

• JAKOB, LUDWIG HEINRICH VON (1759—1827)

Jakob (1444), won by the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French . Basel is the seat of the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief missionary society in Switzerland, the training school for missionaries being at St Chrischona, 6 m. out of the city . The town was founded in A.D . 394 by the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor Valentinian, from whose See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence there it takes its name . In the 5th century the See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of See also:

• AUGUSTA

Augusta Rauricorum (now called Kaiser Angst), 7+ M. to the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east, moved his see thither .

Henceforth the See also:

• HISTORY

history of the city-is that of the growing See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power, spiritual and temporal, of the bishops, whose See also:

• SECULAR (Lat. saecularis, of or belonging to an age or generation, saeculum)

secular See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence was gradually supplanted in the 14th century. by the advance of the See also:

• RIVAL

rival power of the burghers . In 1356 the city was nearly destroyed by a great earthquake . After See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long swaying between the neighbouring Rhine cities and the Swiss Confederation, it was admitted into the latter in 15o, . It later. became one of the chief centres of the See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

Reformation See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement in Switzerland, so that the bishop retired in 1525 to Porrentruy, where he resided till 1992, finally settling at See also:

• SOLEURE
• SOLEURE (Ger. Solothurn)

Soleure in 1828, the bishopric having been wholly reorganized since 1814 . As in other Swiss towns the trade See also:

• GILDS, or GUILDS

gilds got all See also:

• POLITICAL

political power into their hands, especially by the 18th century . They naturally favoured the city at the expense of the rural districts, so that in 1832 the latter proclaimed their See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

independence, and in 1833 were organized into the half canton of Basel Landschaft, the city forming that of Basel Stadt . See Basler Biographien (3 vols., 19oo—r9o5) ; Basler Chroniken (original See also:

• CHRONICLES, BOOKS OF

chronicles), (5 vols., See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1872—1890) ; H . See also:

• BOOS, MARTIN (1762–1825)

Boos, Geschichte von Basel, vol. i . (to 1501) alone published (1877); A . See also:

• BURCKHARDT, JAKOB (1818–1897)
• BURCKHARDT, JOHN LEWIS [JOHANN LUDWIG] (1784-1817)

Burckhardt, Bilder aus d . Geschichte von Basel (3 vols., 1869—1882) ; Festschrift z . 400ten Jahrestage d. ewig .

Bundes zwisch . B. and den Eidgenossen (1901) ; T . Geering, See also:

• HANDEL, GEORGE FREDERICK (1685–1759)

Handel and Industrie d . Stadt Basel (1885) ; A . Heusler, Verfassungsgeschichte d . Stadt Basel See also:

• IM(K2+a2+h2—2 ah cos 0)

im Mittel alter (186o), and Rechtsquellen von Basel (2 vols., 1856—1865); L . A . Stocker, Basler . Stadtbilder (1890); L . Stouff, Pouvoir temporel See also:

• DES

des eveques de Bale (2 vols., See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1891); R . Thommen, Gesch. d . Universitat B., 1532—1632 0889); Urkundenbuch d .

Landschaft B . (pub. from 1881), and See also:

• DITTO (from the Lat. dictum, something said, Ital. detto, aforesaid)

ditto for the city (pub. from 1890) ; W . See also:

• VISCHER
• VISCHER, FRIEDRICH THEODOR (1807-1887)

Vischer, Gesch. d . Universitdt B., 146o—r529 (186o) ; R . Wackernagel, Gesch. d . Stadt Basel (3 vols., 1906 sqq.); K . See also:

• WEBER, CARL MARIA FRIEDRICH ERNEST VON (1786–1826)
• WEBER, WILHELM EDUARD (1804-1891)

Weber, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Revolution im Kanton Basel, 1830-1833 (1907) ; G . Gautherot, La Republique rauracienne (1908) . (W . A . B .