FREDERIC

See also:

• FREDERIC BASTIAT (18o1–185o)

BASTIAT (18o1–185o)  , French economist, was the son of a merchant of Bayonne, and was born in that town on the 29th of June 18o1 . Educated at the colleges of Saint-Sever and of Soreze, he entered in 1818 the counting-house of his uncle at Bayonne . The practical routine of mercantile life being distasteful to him, in 1825 he retired to a property at Mugron, of which he became the owner on the death of his grandfather . jure sanguinis, may succeed by destination, where he is specially called to the succession by entail or testament . In Scotland, as in England, a bastard can have no legal heirs except those of his own body; and hence, failing his lawful issue, the king succeeds to him as last heir . Formerly bastards in Scotland without issue of their own could not make a will, but this disability was removed by a statute of 1835 . If bastards or other persons without kindred die intestate without wife or child, their effects go to the king as ultimus haeres; but a grant is usually made of them by letters patent, and the grantee becomes entitled to the administration . According to the common law, which is the law of England, a bastard cannot be divested of his state of illegitimacy, unless by the supreme power of an act of parliament . But in those countries which have followed the Roman or civil law, a bastard's status may be provisional, and he can be made legitimate by the subsequent marriage of his parents . (See LEGITIMACY AND LEGITIMATION; and, for statistics, ILLEGITIMACY.) AUTIIORITIEs.—Bacquet, Traite de la batardise (1608) ; Du Cange, Gloss . Lat., infra " Bastardus "; L . G .

Koen-igswater, Histoire de l'organisation de la amille en

France (1851), and Essai sur les enfants nis hors manage (1842) ; E . D . Glasson, Histoire des droits et des institutions de l'Angleterre (6 vols., 1882-1883), Histoire du droit et des institutions, de la France (1887) ; Pollock and Maitland, History of English Law (1898); Stephen's Commentaries: Nicholls and Mackay, History of the English Poor Law (3 vols., 1898) .