BATTLE OF  LUTZEN November 16th., x632 Scale of [ Mile )f )3 German Army I=Cn Swedish Army 1:11 reoee u., .eel . 0 . E.Seer . Oaf Adel/..7 pre.teelee .1 Jnl.0 ea., 84. k D.nlel..on . L..l battery of heavy guns, and the " Swedish " 1 and " Yellow" brigades engaged the left face of the Imperialist lozenge with success . But a gap opened between the right of the infantry and the left of the cavalry and Wallenstein's second line squadrons pressed into it . It was this which brought Gustavus from the extreme right, and he was killed here in leading a counter charge . On the extreme left, meanwhile, the " Green " brigade had come to close quarters with Wallenstein's infantry and guns about Lutzen, and the heavy artillery had gone forward to close range between the " Green " and the " Yellow " infantry . But the news of Gustavus's death spread and the fire of the assault died out . Wallenstein advanced in his turn, recaptured his guns and drove the Swedes over the road . But the fiery Duke Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar took up the command and ordered a fresh advance . He was too good a soldier to waste his reserves and only brought up a few units of the second line to help the disordered brigades of the first .

Again the Imperialists were driven in and their guns recaptured, this

time all along the line . About three in the afternoon the Swedes were slowly bearing back Wallenstein's stubborn infantry when Pappenheim appeared . The famous cavalry leader had brought on his mounted men ahead of the infantry and asking, " Where is the king of Sweden ?" charged at once in the direction of the enemy's right . Wallenstein thus gained time to re-establish his order, and once more the now exhausted brigades of the Swedish first line were driven over the road . But Pappenheim fell in the moment of victory and his death disheartened the Imperialists almost as much as the fall of Gustavus had disheartened the Swedes . For the last time Bernhard, wounded as he was, forced the Swedish army to the attack . The three infantry brigades of his second line had not been engaged,2 and as usual the last closed reserve, resolutely handled, carried the day . Wallenstein's army gave way at all points and the Swedes slept on the battlefield . The infantry of Pappenheim's corps did not appear on the field until the battle was over . Of the losses on either side no accurate statement can be given, but the Swedish " Green " and " Yellow " brigades are said to have lost five-sixths of their numbers . Near the spot where Gustavus fell a granite boulder was placed in position on the day after the battle . A canopy of cast-iron was erected over this " Schwedenstein " in 1832, and close by, a chapel, built by Oskar Ekman, a citizen of Gothenburg (d .

1907), was dedicated on the 6th of November 1907 . Lutzen is famous also as the

scene of a victory of Napoleon over the Russians and Prussians on the 2nd of May 1813 (see NAPOLEONIC CAMPAIGNS) . This battle is often called Gross Gorschen . B I BLIOG RA PH v.—The foregoing account of Gustavus's last victory is founded chiefly upon Lieut.-Colonel Hon . E . Noel's Gustaf Adolf (London, 1904) and a paper by the same officer in the Journal of the United States Institution of India (Oct . 1908), which should be consulted for further details .