PAUL JACQUES

See also:

• PAUL JACQUES BAUDRY
• BAUDRY, or BALDERICH, OF BOURGUEIL (1046 or 1047-r Igo)

BAUDRY  AIM$ (1828-1886), French painter, was born at La Roche-sur-Yonne (Vendee) . He studied under Drolling, a sound but second-rate artist, and carried off the Prix de Rome in 1850 by his picture of " Zenobia found on the banks of the Araxes." His talent from the first revealed itself as strictly academical, full of elegance and grace, but somewhat lacking originality . In the course of his residence in Italy Baudry derived strong inspiration from Italian art with the mannerism of Coreggio, as was very evident in the two works he exhibited in the Salon of 1857, which were purchased for the Luxembourg: " The Martyrdom of a Vestal Virgin " and The Child." His " Leda.," " St John the Baptist," and a " Portrait of Beule," exhibited at the same time, took a first prize that year . Throughout this early period Baudry commonly selected mythological or fanciful subjects, one of the most noteworthy being " The Pearl and the Wave." Once only did he attempt an historical picture, " Charlotte Corday after the murder of Marat (1861); and returned by preference to the former class of subjects or to painting portraits of illustrious men of his day—Guizot, Charles Gamier, Edmond About . The works that crowned Baudry's reputation were his mural decorations, which show much imagination and a high artistic gift for colour, as may be seen in the frescoes in the Paris Cour de Cassation, at the chateau of Chantilly, and some private residences—the hotel Fould' and hotel Paiva—but, above all, in the decorations of the foyer of the Paris opera house . These, more than thirty paintings in all, and among them compositions figurative of dancing and music, occupied the painter, for ten years . Baudry died in Paris in 1886 . He was a member of the Institut de France, succeeding Jean Victor Schnetz . Two of studied jurisprudence at the university of Vienna, he entered the chiefly to botany . His great work, Historia plantarum nova et government service in a legal capacity, and after holding various minor offices was transferred in 1843 to a responsible post on the Lottery Commission . He had already embarked upon politics, and severely criticized the government in a pamphlet, Pia Desideria eines osterreichischen Schriftstellers (1842); and in 1845 he made a journey to England, after which his political opinions became more pronounced . After the Revolution, in 1848, he quitted the government service in order to devote himself entirely to letters .

He lived in Vienna until his

death on the 9th of August 189o, and was ennobled for his work . As a writer of comedies and farces, Bauernfeld takes high rank among the German playwrights of the century; his plots are clever, the situations witty and natural and the diction elegant . His earliest essays, the comedies Leichtsinn aus Liebe (1831); Des Liebes-Protokoll (1831) and Die ewige Lithe (1834); Biirgerlich and Romantisch, (1835) enjoyed great popularity . Later he turned his attention to so-called Salonstileke (drawing-room pieces), notably Aus der Gesellschafi (1866) ; Moderne Jugend (1869), and Der Landfrieden (1869), in which he portrays in fresh, bright and happy sallies the social conditions of the capital in which he lived . A complete edition of Bauernfeld's works, Gesammelte Schriften, appeared in 12 vols . (Vienna, 1871-1873) ; Dramatischer Nachlass, ed. by F. von Saar (1893); selected works, ed. by E . Horner (4 vols., 1905) . See A . Stern, Bauernfeld, Ein Dichterportr¢t (189o), R. von Gottschall, " E. von Bauernfeld " (in Unsere Zeit, 1890), and E . Horner, Bauernfeld (1900) .