See also:

• BENCH (an O.E. and Eng. form of a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Bank, Dan. baenk and the Eng. doublet " bank ")

BENCH (an O.E. and Eng. See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of a word See also:

• COMMON

common to See also:

• TEUTONIC
• TEUTONIC (GERMANIC) LANGUAGES

Teutonic See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages, cf. Ger. See also:

• BANK

Bank, See also:

• DAN

Dan. baenk and the Eng. doublet " bank ")  , a See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long narrow wooden seat for several persons, with or without a back . While the See also:

• CHAIR (in. Mid. Eng. chcere, through O. Fr. chaire or chaiere, from Lat. cathedra, later caledra, Gr. xaOi3pa, seat, cf. "cathedral"; the modern Fr. form chaise, a chair, has been adopted in English with a particular meaning as a form of carriage; chaire

chair was yet a seat of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state or dignity the See also:

• BENCH (an O.E. and Eng. form of a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Bank, Dan. baenk and the Eng. doublet " bank ")

bench was ordinarily used by the commonalty . It is still extensively employed for other than domestic purposes, as in See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools, churches and places of amusement . Bench or Banc, in See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, originally was the seat occupied by See also:

• JUDGES, THE BOOK OF

judges in See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court; hence the See also:

• TERM

term is used of a tribunal of See also:

• JUSTICE (Lat. justitia)

justice itself, as the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King's Bench, the See also:

• COMMON

Common Bench, and is now applied to judges or magistrates collectively as the " judicial bench," " bench of magistrates." The word is also applied to any seat where a number of See also:

• PEOPLE

people sit in an See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official capacity, or as See also:

• EQUIVALENT

equivalent to the dignity itself, as " the civic bench," the " bench of aldermen," the " episcopal bench," the " front bench," i.e. that reserved for the leaders of either party in the See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House of See also:

• COMMONS

Commons . King's Bench 716 (q.v.) was one of the three See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior courts of common law at See also:

• WESTMINSTER
• WESTMINSTER, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• WESTMINSTER, STATUTES OF
• WESTMINSTER, SYNODS OF

Westminster, the others being the common pleas and the ex-chequer . Under the Judicature See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

Act 1873, the court of king's bench became the king's bench See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of the High Court of Justice . The court of common pleas was sometimes called the common bench . Sittings in banc were formerly the sittings of one of the superior courts of Westminster for the See also:

• HEARING (formed from the verb " to hear," O. Eng. hyran, heron, &c., a common Teutonic verb; cf. Ger. Koren, Dutch hooren, &c.; the O. Tent. form is seen in Goth. hausjan; the initial h makes any connexion with " ear," Lat. audire, or Gr. &Kobew very doub

hearing of motions, See also:

• SPECIAL

special cases, &c., as opposed to the nisi See also:

• ARIUS ("Apews)

Arius sittings for trial of facts, where usually only a single See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge presided . By the Judicature Act 1873 the business of courts sitting in banc was transferred to divisional courts . BENCH-See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

MARK, a surveyor's mark cut in See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone or some durable material, to indicate a point in a See also:

• LINE

line of levels for the determination of altitudes over a given See also:

• DISTRICT

district . The name is taken from the " See also:

• ANGLE (from the Lat. angulus, a corner, a diminutive, of which the primitive form, angus, does not occur in Latin; cognate are the Lat. angere, to compress into a bend or to strangle, and the Gr. ayKOS, a bend; both connected with the Aryan root ank-, to

angle-See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron " which is inserted in the See also:

• HORIZONTAL

horizontal incision as a " bench " or support for the levelling See also:

• STAFF (O. Eng. staef, cf. Du. staf, Ger. Stab, &c.; Icel. stafr meant also a written letter, and O. Eng. stafas, the letters of the alphabet; " stave," one of the thin pieces of wood of which a cask is made, is a doublet)

staff . The mark of the " broad-arrow " is generally incised with the bench-mark so that the horizontal See also:

• BAR
• BAR (0. Fr. barre, Late Lat. barra, origin unknown)
• BAR, CONFEDERATION OF
• BAR, FRANCOIS DE (1538-1606)
• BAR, THE

bar passes through its See also:

• APEX

apex .