See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

JOHN See also:

• JOHN BERESFORD (1738-1805)
• BERESFORD, LORD CHARLES WILLIAM DE LA POER (1846- )
• BERESFORD, WILLIAM CARR BERESFORD, VISCOUNT (1768–1854)

BERESFORD (1738-1805)  , Irish statesman, was a younger son of See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• MARCUS

Marcus See also:

• BERESFORD, JOHN (1738-1805)
• BERESFORD, LORD CHARLES WILLIAM DE LA POER (1846- )
• BERESFORD, WILLIAM CARR BERESFORD, VISCOUNT (1768–1854)

Beresford, who, having married See also:

• CATHERINE
• CATHERINE, SAINT

Catherine, See also:

• SOLE (Solea)

sole heiress of See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

Power, 3rd See also:

• EARL

earl of See also:

• TYRONE
• TYRONE, EARLS OF

Tyrone, was created earl of Tyrone in 1746 . After the See also:

• DEATH

death of the earl in 1763, Beresford's See also:

• MOTHER

mother successfully asserted her claim suo jure to the See also:

• BARONY

barony of La Poer . See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Beresford, See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 14th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1738, thus inherited powerful See also:

• FAMILY

family connexions . He was educated at Trinity See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• DUBLIN

Dublin, was called to the Irish See also:

• BAR
• BAR (0. Fr. barre, Late Lat. barra, origin unknown)
• BAR, CONFEDERATION OF
• BAR, FRANCOIS DE (1538-1606)
• BAR, THE

bar, and entered the Irish See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament as member for See also:

• WATERFORD

Waterford in 1760 . His See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry, added to the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of his family, procured his See also:

• ADMISSION

admission to the privy See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council in 1768, and his See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment as one of the commissioners of See also:

• REVENUE
• REVENUE (0. Fr. revenu, from revenir, to return)

revenue two years later . In 1780 he became first See also:

• COMMISSIONER

commissioner of revenue, a position which gave him powerful influence in the Irish See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration . He introduced some useful reforms in the machinery of See also:

• TAXATION
• TAXATION (from " tax," derived, through the French, from Lat. taxare, to appraise, which again is connected with the same root as tangere, to touch)

taxation; and he was the author of many improvements in the See also:

• ARCHITECTURE (Lat. architectura, from the Gr. ap)(LTEKrwv, a master-builder)

architecture of the public buildings and streets of Dublin . He was first brought into conflict with See also:

• GRATTAN, HENRY (1746-1820)

Grattan and the popular party, in 1784, by his support of the proposal that the Irish parliament in return for the removal of restrictions on Irish See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade should be See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound to adopt the See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• NAVIGATION (from Lat. navis, ship, and agere, to move)

navigation See also:

• LAWS

laws . In 1786 he was sworn a member of the English privy council, and the power which he wielded in See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland through his numerous dependants and connexions See also:

• GREW, NEHEMIAH (1641-1712)

grew to be so extensive that a few years later he was spoken of as the " See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of Ireland." He was a vehement opponent of the increasing demand for See also:

• RELIEF

relief of the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman Catholics; and when it became known that See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• FITZWILLIAM, SIR WILLIAM (1526-1599)
• FITZWILLIAM, WILLIAM WENTWORTH FITZWILLIAM, 2ND EARL (1748-1833)

Fitzwilliam was to succeed Lord See also:

• WESTMORLAND
• WESTMORLAND, EARLS OF

Westmorland as lord See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant in 1795 for the purpose of carrying out a conciliatory policy, Beresford expressed strong hostility to the appointment . One of Fitzwilliam's first acts was to dismiss Beresford from his employment but with permission to retain his entire See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official See also:

• SALARY

salary for See also:

• LIFE

life, and with the assurance that no other member of his family would be removed . Beresford immediately exerted all his influence with his See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, to whom he described himself as an injured and persecuted See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man; he appealed to See also:

• PITT, THOMAS (1653-1726)
• PITT, WILLIAM (1759-1806)

Pitt, and went in See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person to See also:

• LONDON

London to See also:

• LAY

lay his complaint before the English ministers . There is little doubt that the recall of Lord Fitzwilliam (q.v.), which was followed by such momentous consequences in the See also:

• HISTORY

history of Ireland, was, as the See also:

• VICEROY (from O. Fr. viceroy, mod. viceroi, i.e. Lat. vice, in place of, and roy or roi, king)

viceroy himself believed, mainly due to Beresford's dismissal .

There had been a misunderstanding on the point between Pitt and Fitzwilliam . The latter, whose veracity was unimpeachable, asserted that previous to his coming to Ireland he had informed the See also:

• PRIME, PRIMER AND PRIMING

prime See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister of his intention to dismiss Beresford, and that Pitt had raised no objection . Pitt denied all recollection of any such communication, and on the contrary described the dismissal as " an open See also:

• BREACH (Mid. Eng. breche, derived from the common Teutonic root brec, which appears in " break," Ger. brechen, &c.)

breach of the most See also:

• SOLEMN (Lat. sollemnis, sollemnis, less correctly solennis, yearly, annual; from sollus = totus, whole, entire, Gr. Mos., and annus, year)

solemn promise."' In a See also:

• LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter to Lord See also:

• CARLISLE
• CARLISLE, EARLS OF

Carlisle, justifying his See also:

• ACTION

action, Fitzwilliam mentioned that malversation had been imputed to Beresford . Beresford sent a See also:

• CHALLENGE (O. Fr. chalonge, calenge, &c., from Lat. calumnia, originally meaning trickery, from calvi, to deceive, hence a false accusation, a " calumny ")

challenge to Fitzwilliam, but the combatants were interrupted on the See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field and Fitzwilliam then made an See also:

• APOLOGY (from Gr. &aoXoyia, defence)

apology . When Lord See also:

• CAMDEN
• CAMDEN, CHARLES PRATT, 1ST EARL (1714-1794)
• CAMDEN, JOHN JEFFREYS PRATT, 2ND EARL
• CAMDEN, WILLIAM (1551-1623)

Camden replaced Fitzwilliam in the viceroyalty in March 1795, Beresford resumed his former position . On the See also:

• EVE

eve of the See also:

• REBELLION

rebellion in 1198 his letters to Lord See also:

• AUCKLAND
• AUCKLAND, GEORGE EDEN, EARL OF (1784-1849)
• AUCKLAND, WILLIAM EDEN, 1ST BARON (1745-1814)

Auckland gave an alarming description of the See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition of Ireland, and he counselled strong See also:

• MEASURES

measures of repression . When first consulted by Pitt on the question of the See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union Beresford appears to have disliked the See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea; but he soon became reconciled to the policy and warmly supported it . After the union Beresford continued to represent 1 See also:

• STANHOPE, EARLS
• STANHOPE, LADY HESTER LUCY (1776-1839)

Stanhope, Life of Pitt, ii . 301 . Waterford in the imperial parliament, and he remained in See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office till 1802, taking an active See also:

• PART

part in settling the See also:

• FINANCIAL

financial relations between Ireland and See also:

• GREAT

Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain . He died near See also:

• LONDONDERRY
• LONDONDERRY, CHARLES WILLIAM STEWART (VANE), 3RD MARQUESS
• LONDONDERRY, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF
• LONDONDERRY, or DERRY
• LONDONDERRY, ROBERT STEWART, 2ND MARQUESS OF (1769-1822)

Londonderry on the 5th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 18o5 . John Beresford was twice married: in 176o to a See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

lady, See also:

• CONSTANTIA

Constantia Ligondes, who died in 1772; and, secondly, in 1774 to See also:

• BARBARA, SAINT

Barbara See also:

• MONTGOMERY
• MONTGOMERY ( Tre' Faldwyn)
• MONTGOMERY, GABRIEL, SEIGNEUR DE LORGES, COMTE DE (c. 1530-1574)
• MONTGOMERY, JAMES (1771-1854)
• MONTGOMERY, ROBERT (1807-1855)

Montgomery, a celebrated beauty who figures in Sir See also:

• JOSHUA, BOOK OF

Joshua See also:

• REYNOLDS, JOHN FULTON (182o-1863)
• REYNOLDS, SIR JOSHUA (1723-1792)
• REYNOLDS, WALTER (d. 1327)

Reynolds's picture of " The See also:

• GRACES, THE, (Gr. X&panes, Lat. Gratiae)

Graces." He had large families by both marriages .

His son, John See also:

• CLAUDIUS
• CLAUDIUS [TIBERIUS CLAUDIUS DRUSUS NERO GERMANICUS]
• CLAUDIUS, MARCUS AURELIUS
• CLAUDIUS, MATTHIAS (174o-1815)

Claudius, kept a See also:

• RIDING

riding school in Dublin, which acquired an evil reputation as the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• SCENE (Fr. scene, Lat. scaena, Gr. oflvil, a tent or booth, a stage or scene)

scene of the floggings by which See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence was extorted of the See also:

• CONSPIRACY (from Lat. conspirare, literally to breathe together, to agree, combine, and especially to form a secret plot)

conspiracy which came to a See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head in 1798 . He took a prominent part in the Irish See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House of See also:

• COMMONS

Commons, where he unsuccessfully moved the reduction of the proposed Irish contribution to the imperial See also:

• EXCHEQUER

exchequer in the debates on the See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

Act of Union, of which, unlike his See also:

• FATHER

father, he was to the last an ardent opponent . See See also:

• CORRESPONDENCE
• CORRESPONDENCE (from med. scholastic Lat. correspondentia, corrcspondere, compounded of Lat. cum, with, and respond ere, to answer; cf. Fr. correspondance)

Correspondence of the Right Hon . John Beresford, edited by W . Beresford (2 vols., London, 1854) ; See also:

• EDWARD

Edward See also:

• WAKEFIELD
• WAKEFIELD, GILBERT (1756-1801)

Wakefield, An See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

Account of Ireland (2 vols., London, 1812) ; Earl Stanhope, Life of See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William Pitt (4 vols., London, 1861); W . E . H . See also:

• LECKY, WILLIAM EDWARD HARTPOLE (1838–1903)

Lecky, History of Ireland in the Eighteenth See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

Century, vols. iii., iv., v . (5 vols., London, 1892) . (R . J .