See also:

• VISCOUNT (through O. Fr. viscomte, mod. vicomte, from Low Lat. vice-comes, cf. Portug. visconde, Ital. visconte)

VISCOUNT See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

WILLIAM CARR See also:

• BERESFORD, JOHN (1738-1805)
• BERESFORD, LORD CHARLES WILLIAM DE LA POER (1846- )
• VISCOUNT WILLIAM CARR BERESFORD BERESFORD (1768–1854)

BERESFORD BERESFORD (1768–1854)  , See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general and Portuguese See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

marshal, illegitimate son of the first See also:

• MARQUESS (1760-1842)
• MARQUESS, or MARQUIS (Fr. marquis, Ital. marchese; from med. Lat. marchio, marchisus, i.e. comes marchiae, " count of the March ")

marquess of See also:

• WATERFORD

Waterford, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 2nd of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1768 . He entered the British See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army in 1785, and while in Nova See also:

• SCOTIA (Gr. o'Karca, shadow or darkness)

Scotia with his See also:

• REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

regiment in the following See also:

• YEAR

year lost the sight of one See also:

• EYE
• EYE (O. Eng. edge, Ger. Auge; derived from an Indo-European root also seen in Lat. oc-ulus, the organ of vision (q.v.)

eye by a See also:

• SHOOTING

shooting See also:

• ACCIDENT
• ACCIDENT (from Lat. accidere, to happen)

accident . He first distinguished himself at See also:

• TOULON

Toulon in 1793, receiving two years later the command of the 88th regiment (See also:

• CONNAUGHT
• CONNAUGHT, ARTHUR WILLIAM PATRICK ALBERT, DUKE OF (1850– )

Connaught Rangers) . In 1799 his regiment was ordered to See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India, and a few months later See also:

• BERESFORD, JOHN (1738-1805)
• BERESFORD, LORD CHARLES WILLIAM DE LA POER (1846- )
• BERESFORD, WILLIAM CARR BERESFORD, VISCOUNT (1768–1854)

Beresford See also:

• LEFT

left with See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• DAVID
• DAVID (a Hebrew name meaning probably beloved 1)
• DAVID, FELICIEN (1810—1876)
• DAVID, GERARD [GHEERAERT DAVIT], (?=1523)
• DAVID, PIERRE JEAN (1789–1856)
• DAVID, ST (Dewi, Sant)

David See also:

• BAIRD, HENRY MARTYN (1832—1906)
• BAIRD, JAMES (1802—1876)
• BAIRD, SIR DAVID (1757—1829)
• BAIRD, SPENCER FULLERTON (1823--1887)

Baird's expedition for See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt, and was placed in command of the first See also:

• BRIGADE (Fr. and Ger. brigade, Ital. brigata, Span. brigada; the English use of the word dates from the early 17th century)

brigade which led the See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

march from Kosseir across the See also:

• DESERT

desert . When, on the evacuation of Egypt in 1803, he returned See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home, his reputation was established . In 18o5 he accompanied Sir David Baird to See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa, and was See also:

• PRESENT

present at the See also:

• CAPTURE (from Lat. capere, to take; Fr. prise maritime; Ger. Wegnahme)

capture of Cape See also:

• TOWN

Town and the surrender of the See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony . From South Africa he was despatched to South See also:

• AMERICA

America . He had little difficulty in capturing Buenos Aires with only a couple of regiments . But this force was wholly insufficient to hold the colony . Under the leadership of a See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French emigre, the See also:

• CHEVALIER, ALBERT (1861– )
• CHEVALIER, MICHEL (1806-1879)
• CHEVALIER, ULYSSE (1841– )

chevalier de Tiniers, the colonists attacked Beresford, and at the end of three days' hard fighting he was compelled to capitulate . After six months' imprisonment he escaped, and reached See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England in 1807, and at the end of that year he was sent to See also:

• MADEIRA
• MADEIRA, or THE MADE1RAS

Madeira, occupying the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island in the name of the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• PORTUGAL

Portugal . After six months in Madeira as See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor and See also:

• COMMANDER

commander-in-See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief, during which he learnt Portuguese and obtained an insight into the Portuguese See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, he was ordered to join Sir See also:

• ARTHUR (Fr. Arius)
• ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN (1830 – 1886)

Arthur See also:

• WELLESLEY
• WELLESLEY, RICHARD COLLEY WESLEY (or WELLESLEY)

Wellesley's army in Portugal .

He was first employed as commandant in See also:

• LISBON (Lisboa)

Lisbon, but accompanied Sir See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• MOORE, A
• MOORE, ALBERT JOSEPH (1841–1893)
• MOORE, EDWARD (1712–1757)
• MOORE, GEORGE (1853– )
• MOORE, GEORGE FOOT (1851– )
• MOORE, HENRY (1831–1895)
• MOORE, JOHN (1729-1802)
• MOORE, SIR JOHN (1761-1809)
• MOORE, THOMAS (1779-1852)

Moore on the advance into See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain, and took a conspicuous See also:

• PART

part in the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• CORUNNA
• CORUNNA (Span. La Coruna; Fr. La Corogne; Eng. formerly often The Groyne)

Corunna (see See also:

• PENINSULAR

PENINSULAR See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

WAR) . In See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1809 Beresford was given the task of reorganizing the Portuguese army . In this task, by systematic weeding-out of inefficient See also:

• OFFICERS

officers and men, he succeeded beyond expectation . By the summer of 1810 he had so far improved the moral and discipline of the force that See also:

• WELLINGTON
• WELLINGTON, ARTHUR WELLESLEY, 1ST DUKE OF (1769-1852)

Wellington brigaded some of the Portuguese regiments with See also:

• ENGLISH

English ones, and at Busaco Portuguese and English fought See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side by side . Beresford's services in this battle were rewarded by the British See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government with a See also:

• KNIGHTHOOD

knighthood of the See also:

• BATH
• BATH, THOMAS THYNNE
• BATH, WILLIAM

Bath and by the Portuguese with a See also:

• PEERAGE
• PEERAGE (Fr. pairage, med. Lat. paragium; M.E. Pere, 0. Fr. per, peer, later pair; Lat. Paris, " equal ")

peerage . In the See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring of 1811 Wellington was compelled to detach Beresford from the Portuguese service . The latter was next in seniority to General (See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord) See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

Hill who had gone home on sick leave, and on him, therefore, the command of Hill's See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps now devolved . Unfortunately Beresford never really gained the confidence of his new troops . At Campo See also:

• MAYOR (Lat. major, greater)
• MAYOR, JOHN EYTON BICKERSTETH (1825– )

Mayor his See also:

• LIGHT

light See also:

• CAVALRY (Fr. cavalerie, Ger. Kavallerie or Reiterei, derived ultimately from late Lat. caballus, horse)

cavalry brigade got out of See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, and a regiment of dragoons was practically annihilated . He invested See also:

• BADAJOZ
• BADAJOZ (formerly sometimes written Badajos)

Badajoz with insufficient forces, and on the advance of See also:

• SOULT, NICOLAS JEAN DE DIEU

Soult he was compelled to raise the See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege and offer battle at See also:

• ALBUERA, or ALBUHERA, LA

Albuera . His See also:

• PERSONAL

personal courage was even more than usually conspicuous, but to the initiative of a juniorstaff officer, See also:

• COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

Colonel (afterwards See also:

• VISCOUNT (through O. Fr. viscomte, mod. vicomte, from Low Lat. vice-comes, cf. Portug. visconde, Ital. visconte)

Viscount) 13ardinge, rather than to Beresford's own generalship, was the hardly-won victory to be attributed . Beresford then went back to his See also:

• WORK

work of reorganizing the Portuguese army .

He was present at the siege of Badajoz and at the battle of .See also:

• SALAMANCA
• SALAMANCA (anc. Salmantica or Elmantica)

Salamanca, where he was severely wounded (1812) . In 1813 he was present at the battle of See also:

• VITTORIA

Vittoria, and at the battles of the See also:

• PYRENEES [Span. Pirineos, Fr. Pyrenees]

Pyrenees, while at the battle of the Nivelle, the Nive and See also:

• ORTHEZ

Orthez he commanded the British centre, and later he led a corps at the battle of See also:

• TOULOUSE
• TOULOUSE, LOUIS ALEXANDRE DE BOURBON, COUNT OF (1678-1737)

Toulouse . At the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close of the Peninsular War he was created See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron Beresford of Albuera and Cappoquin, with a See also:

• PENSION (Lat. pensio, a payment, from pendere, to weigh, to pay)

pension of L2000 a year, to be continued to his two successors . In 1819 the revolution in Portugal led to the dismissal of the British officers in the Portuguese service . Beresford therefore left Portugal and placed the question of the arrears of pay of his army before the king at Rio Janeiro . On his return the new Portuguese government refused to allow him to See also:

• LAND

land, and he accordingly left for home . On arriving in England he turned his See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention to politics, and strongly supported the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of Wellington in the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House of Lords . In 1823 his See also:

• BARONY

barony was made a viscounty, and when the duke of Wellington formed his first See also:

• CABINET

cabinet in 1828 he gave Beresford the See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office of See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master-general of the See also:

• ORDNANCE (a syncopated form of " ordinance " or " ordonnance," so spelt in this sense since the 17th century)

ordnance . In 183o Beresford retired from politics, and for some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time subsequently he was occupied in a heated controversy with See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• NAPIER
• NAPIER, JOHN (1550-1617)
• NAPIER, SIR CHARLES (1786-1860)
• NAPIER, SIR CHARLES JAMES (1782-1853)
• NAPIER, SIR WILLIAM FRANCIS PATRICK (1785-1860)

Napier, the historian of the Peninsular War, who had severely criticised his See also:

• TACTICS (Gr. TaeTOc*, sc. TEXvnI, from TavQecv, to arrange in order of battle)

tactics at Albuera . On this subject Wellington's See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion of Beresford is to the point . The duke had no illusions as to his being a See also:

• GREAT

great general, but he thought very highly of his See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers of organization, and he went so far as to declare, during the Peninsular War, that, in the event of his own See also:

• DEATH

death, he would on this ground recommend Beresford to succeed him . The last years of Beresford's See also:

• LIFE

life were spent at Bedgebury, See also:

• KENT
• KENT, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• KENT, JAMES (1763-1847)
• KENT, WILLIAM (1685-1748)

Kent, where he had See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased a See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate .

He died on the 8th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1854 .