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SIR WILLIAM BERKELEY (c. 1608-1677)

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 781 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SIR See also:WILLIAM See also:BERKELEY (c. 1608-1677)  , See also:British colonial See also:governor in See also:America, was See also:born in or near See also:London, See also:England, about 1608, the youngest son of See also:Sir See also:Maurice See also:Berkeley, an See also:original member of the London See also:Company of 1606, and See also:brother of See also:John, first See also:Lord Berkeley of Stratton, one of the proprietors of the Carolinas . He graduated at See also:Oxford in 1629, and in 1632 was appointed one of the royal commissioners for See also:Canada, in which See also:office he won the See also:personal favour of See also:Charles I., who appointed him a See also:gentleman of the privy chamber . During this See also:period he tried his See also:hand at See also:literary See also:work, producing among other things a tragi-See also:comedy entitled The Lost See also:Lady (1638) . In See also:August 1641 he was appointed governor of See also:Virginia, but did not take up his duties until the following See also:year . His first See also:term as governor, during which he seems to have been extremely popular with the See also:majority of the colonists, was notable principally for hisreligious intolerance and his expulson of the Puritans, who were in a See also:great minority . During the See also:Civil See also:War in England he remained loyal to the See also:king, and offered an See also:asylum in Virginia to Charles II. and the See also:loyalists . On the arrival of a See also:parliamentary See also:fleet in 1652, however, he retired from office and spent the following years quietly on his See also:plantation . On the See also:death, in 1660, of See also:Samuel See also:Matthews, the last parliamentary governor, he was chosen governor by the Virginia See also:assembly, and was soon recommissioned by Charles II . His natural arrogance and tyranny seems to have increased with years, and the second period of his governorship was a stormy one . Serious frontier warfare with the See also:Indians was followed (1676) by See also:Bacon's See also:Rebellion (see VIRGINIA), brought on by Berkeley's See also:misrule, and during its course all his worst traits became evident . His See also:cruelty and barbarity in punishing the rebels did not meet with the approval of Charles II., who is said to have remarked that " the old See also:fool has put to death more See also:people in that naked See also:country than I did here for the See also:murder of my See also:father." Berkeley was called to England in 1677 ostensibly to See also:report on the See also:condition of affairs in the See also:colony, and a See also:lieutenant-governor (See also:Herbert See also:Jeffreys) was put in his See also:place . Berkeley sailed in May, but died soon after his arrival, at See also:Twickenham, and was buried there on the 13th of See also:July 1677 .

In addition to the See also:

play mentioned he wrote A Discourse and View of Virginia (London, 1663) .

End of Article: SIR WILLIAM BERKELEY (c. 1608-1677)
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