BEROSSUS
, a See also:priest of See also:Bel at See also:Babylon, who translated into
See also:Greek the See also:standard Babylonian See also:work on See also:astrology and See also:astronomy, and compiled (in three books) the See also:history of his See also:country from native documents, which he published in Greek in the reign of See also:Antiochus II
.
(25o B.C.)
.
His See also:works have perished, but extracts from the history have been preserved by See also:Josephus and See also:Eusebius, the latter of whom probably derived them not directly from Berossus, but through the See also:medium of See also:Alexander Polyhistor and See also:Apollodorus
.
The extracts containing the Babylonian cosmology, the See also:list of the antediluvian See also:kings of Babylonia, and the Chaldaean See also:story of the See also:Deluge, have been shown by the decipherment of the See also:cuneiform texts to have faithfully reproduced the native legends; we may, therefore, conclude that the See also:rest of the History was equally trustworthy
.
On the other See also:hand, a list of See also:post-diluvian dynasties, which is quoted by Eusebius and Georgius See also:Syncellus as having been given by Berossus, cannot, in its See also:present See also:form, be reconciled with the monumental facts, though a substratum of See also:historical truth
is discoverable in it
.
As it stands, it is as follows:
i
.
86 Chaldaean kings 34,080 or 33,091 years
2
.
8 Median „ 224
3
.
I I other kings „ no number
.
4
.
49 Chaldaean „ 458
5
.
9 Arabian ,, 245
6
.
45 See also:Assyrian , 526 „
After these, according to Eusebius, came the reign of Pul
.
By means of an ingenious See also:chronological See also:combination, the several items of which, however, are very questionable, J
.
A
.
See also:Brandis 1
assigned 258 years to the 3rd See also:dynasty; other summations have been proposed with equally little assurance of certainty
.
If Eusebius can be trusted, the 6th dynasty ended in 729 B.c., the See also:year in which Pul or Tiglath-pileser III. was crowned See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of Babylonia
.
But all attempts to harmonize the See also:- SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)
scheme of dynasties thus ascribed to Berossus with the list given us in the so-called dynastic Tablets discovered by Dr Pinches have been failures
.
The See also:numbers, whether of kings or of years, cannot have been handed down to us correctly by the Greek writers
.
All that seems certain is that Berossus arranged his history so that it should fill the astronomical See also:period of 36,000 years, beginning with the first See also:man and ending with the See also:con-quest of Babylon by Alexander the See also:Great
.
See J
.
P
.
See also:Cory, See also:Ancient Fragments (1826, ed. by E
.
R
.
Hodges, 1876) ; Fr
.
See also:Lenormant, Essai de commentaire See also:des fragments cosmogoniques de Berose (1872) ; A. von See also:Gutschmid in the Rheinisches Museum (1853) ; See also:George See also:- SMITH
- SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
- SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
- SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
- SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
- SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
- SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
- SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
- SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
- SMITH, G
- SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
- SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
- SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
- SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
- SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
- SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
- SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
- SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
- SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
- SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
- SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
- SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
- SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
- SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
- SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
- SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
- SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
- SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
- SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
- SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
- SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)
Smith in T.S.B.A. iii., 1874, pp
.
361-379; Th
.
G
.
Pinches in P.S.B.A., 1880-1881
.
(A
.
H
.
End of Article: