JOHANNES See also:

• JOHANNES BESSARION

BESSARION  , or BASILIUs (c . 1395-1472), titular See also:

• PATRIARCH (M.E. and O. Fr. patriarche, Lat. patriarcha, Gr. aarpuipxtis, from srarptu., clan, and apxil, rule)

patriarch of See also:

• CONSTANTINOPLE
• CONSTANTINOPLE, COUNCILS OF

Constantinople, and one of the illustrious See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek scholars who contributed to the See also:

• GREAT

great revival of letters in the 15th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• TREBIZOND (Gr. Trapezus)

Trebizond, the See also:

• YEAR

year of his See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth being variously given as 1389, 1395 or 1403 . He was educated at Constantinople, and in 1423 went to the Peloponnese to hear Gemistus Pletho expound the See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy of See also:

• PLATO

Plato . On entering the See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of St See also:

• BASIL (Russ. VASILY)

Basil, he adopted the name of an old See also:

• EGYPTIAN

Egyptian anchorite See also:

• BESSARION, JOHANNES

Bessarion, whose See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

story he has related . In 1437 he was made See also:

• ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

archbishop of See also:

• NICAEA, COUNCIL OF
• NICAEA, or NICE

Nicaea by See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John VII . Palacologus, whom he accompanied to See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy in order to bring about a See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union between the Greek and Latin churches with the See also:

• OBJECT

object of obtaining help from the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West against the See also:

• TURKS

Turks . The Greeks had bitterly resented his See also:

• ATTACHMENT

attachment to the party which saw no difficulty in a reconciliation of the two churches . At the See also:

• COUNCILS

councils held in See also:

• FERRARA

Ferrara and See also:

• FLORENCE
• FLORENCE (Ital. Firenze, Lat. Florentia)

Florence Bessarion supported the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church, and gained the favour of See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

Pope See also:

• EUGENIUS

Eugenius IV., who invested him with the See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank of See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

cardinal . From that See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time he resided permanently in Italy, doing much, by his patronage of learned men, by his collection of hooks and See also:

• MANUSCRIPTS

manuscripts, and by his own writings, to spread abroad the new learning . He held in See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession the archbishopric of Siponto and the bishoprics of Sabina and See also:

• FRASCATI

Frascati . In 1463 he received the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of Latin patriarch of Constantinople; and it was only on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of his Greek birth that he was not elevated to the papal See also:

• CHAIR (in. Mid. Eng. chcere, through O. Fr. chaire or chaiere, from Lat. cathedra, later caledra, Gr. xaOi3pa, seat, cf. "cathedral"; the modern Fr. form chaise, a chair, has been adopted in English with a particular meaning as a form of carriage; chaire

chair . For five years (1450—1455) he was See also:

• LEGATE (Lat. legatus, past part. of legare, to send as deputy)
• LEGATE, BARTHOLOMEW (c. 1575-1612)

legate at See also:

• BOLOGNA
• BOLOGNA, GIOVANNI DA (1524–1608)

Bologna, and he was engaged on embassies to many See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign princes, among others to See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis NI. of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France in 1471 .

Vexation at an insult offered him by Louis is said to have hastened his See also:

• DEATH

death, which took See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place on the 19th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1472, at See also:

• RAVENNA
• RAVENNA, EXARCHATE OF

Ravenna . Bessarion was one of the most learned scholars of his time . Besides his See also:

• TRANSLATIONS

translations of See also:

• ARISTOTLE
• ARISTOTLE (384-322 B.C.)

Aristotle's See also:

• METAPHYSICS
• METAPHYSICS, or METAPHYSIC (from Gr. /sera, after, d v med, things of nature, lots, i.e. the natural universe)

Metaphysics and See also:

• XENOPHON

Xenophon's Memorabilia, his most important See also:

• WORK

work is a See also:

• TREATISE

treatise directed against See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George of Trebizond, a violent Aristotelian, entitled In Calumniatorem Platonis . Bessarion, though a Platonist, is not so thoroughgoing in his admiration as Gemistus Pletho, and rather strives after a reconciliation of the two philosophies . His work, by opening up the relations of See also:

• PLATONISM

Platonism to the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main questions of See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion, contributed greatly to the See also:

• EXTENSION (Lat. ex, out ; tendere, to stretch)

extension of speculative thought in the See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department of See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology . His library, which contained a very extensive collection of Greek See also:

• MSS

MSS., was presented by him to the See also:

• SENATE (Lat. senatus, from root sen-, as in senex, old; the root is the Sanskrit sana, cf. Gr. 'vos; the same element appears in senor, seigneur, seneschal)

senate of See also:

• VENICE
• VENICE (continued)
• VENICE (Venezia)

Venice, and formed the See also:

• NUCLEUS (Lat. for the kernal of a nut, nux, the stone of fruit)

nucleus of the famous library of St See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

Mark . See A . M . See also:

• BANDINI, ANGELO MARIA (1726—1800)

Bandini, De Vita et See also:

• REBUS (Lat. rebus, " by things ")

Rebus Gestis Bessarionis (1777) ; H . Vast, Le Cardinal Bessarion (1878) ; E . Legrand, Bibliographie Hellenique (1885); G . Voigt, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Wiederbelebung See also:

• DES

des klassischen Altertums, ii .

(1893); on Bessarion at the councils of Ferrara and Florence, A . Sadov, Bessarion de Nicee (1883); on his philosophy, monograph by A . Kandelos (in Greek: See also:

• ATHENS
• ATHENS ['AN vat, Athenae, modem colloquial Greek `Ath va]

Athens, 1888); most of his See also:

• WORKS

works are in See also:

• MIGNE, JACQUES PAUL (1800-1875)

Migne, Patrologia Graeca, clxi .