See also:

• BES, or BESAS (Egyp. Bes or Besa)

BES, or BESAS (Egyp. Bes or Besa)  , the See also:

• EGYPTIAN

Egyptian See also:

• GOD

god of re-creation, represented as a See also:

• DWARF (A.S. dweorg, D. dwerg, Icel. dvergr)

dwarf with large See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head, goggle eyes, protruding See also:

• TONGUE (O. Eng. lunge)

tongue, shaggy See also:

• BEARD (A.S. beard, O. H. and Mod. Ger. Bart, Dan. beard, Icel. bar, rim, edge, beak of a ship, &c., O. Slay. barda, Russ. barodd. Cf. Welsh barf, Lat.. barba, though, according to the New English Dictionary, the connexion is for phonetic reasons doubtful)
• BEARD, WILLIAM HOLBROOK (1825-1900)

beard, a bushy tail seen between his See also:

• BOW (pronounced " bo ")

bow legs See also:

• HANGING

hanging down behind (sometimes clearly as See also:

• PART

part of a skin See also:

• GIRDLE (O. Eng. gyrdel, from gyrdan, to gird; cf. Ger. Gurtel, Dutch gordel, from giirten and gorden; "gird" and its doublet " girth " together with the other Teutonic cognates have been referred by some to the root ghar—to seize, enclose, seen in Gr. )(s

girdle) and usually a large See also:

• CROWN

crown of feathers on his head . A See also:

• BES, or BESAS (Egyp. Bes or Besa)

Bes-like See also:

• MASK (Fr. masque, apparently from med. Lat. mascus, masca, spectre, through Ital. maschera, Span. mascara)

mask was found by See also:

• PETRIE, GEORGE (179o-1866)
• PETRIE, WILLIAM MATTHEW FLINDERS (1853– )

Petrie amongst remains of the twelfth See also:

• DYNASTY (Gr. &vvaareta, sovereignty, the position of a hevnori7r, lord, ruler, from SuvaaBay to be able, Suvaµas, power)

dynasty, but the earliest occurrence of the god is in the See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

temple of the See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen Hatshepsut at See also:

• DEIR, or DEIR

Deir el Bahri (c . 1500 s.c.), where he is figured along with the See also:

• HIPPOPOTAMUS (" river-horse," Gr. lames, horse and aoraµbs, river)

hippopotamus goddess as See also:

• PRESENT

present at the queen's See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth . His figure is that of a See also:

• GROTESQUE

grotesque See also:

• MOUNTEBANK (Ital. montambanco, montimbanco, from montare, to climb up on, mount, and banco, bench, cf. saltimbanco, an acrobat' or dancer, one who dances or leaps on a bench)

mountebank, intended to inspire joy or drive away See also:

• PAIN (from Lat. poena, Gr. robin, penalty, that which must be paid: O. Fr. peine)
• PAIN, BARRY (1867– )

pain and sorrow, his hideousness being perhaps supposed actually to scare away the evil See also:

• SPIRITS

spirits . In his joyous aspect Bes plays the See also:

• HARP (Fr. harpe; Ger. Harfe; Ital. arpa)

harp or See also:

• FLUTE

flute, dances, &c . He is figured on mirrors, ointment vases and other articles of the See also:

• TOILET

toilet . Amulets and ornaments in the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of the figure or mask of Bes are See also:

• COMMON

common after the New See also:

• KINGDOM

Kingdom; he is often associated with See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children and with See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child-birth and is figured in the " birth-houses " devoted to the cult of the child-god . Perhaps the earliest known instance of his prominent See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance of large See also:

• SIZE

size in the sculptures of the temples is under Tahraka, at See also:

• JEBEL (plur. jibed)

Jebel Barkal, See also:

• NUBIA

Nubia, at the beginning of the 7th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century B.C . As the See also:

• PROTECTOR

protector of children and others he is the enemy of noxious beasts, such as lions, crocodiles, serpents and scorpions . Large wooden figures of Bes are generally found lc) contain the remains of a human foetus . In the first centuries of our era an See also:

• ORACLE (Lat. oraculum, from ora' to pray; the corresponding Greek word is uavreiov or Xpnuri7pwov)

oracle of Besas was consulted at See also:

• ABYDOS

Abydos, where A . H .

See also:

• SAYCE, ARCHIBALD HENRY (1846- )

Sayce has found graffiti concerning him, and prescriptions exist for consulting Besas in dreams . It has been held that Bes was of non-Egyptian origin, See also:

• AFRICAN

African, as See also:

• WIEDEMANN, GUSTAV HEINRICH (1826-1899)

Wiedemann, or Arabian or even Babylonian, as W . Max See also:

• MULLER, FERDINAND VON, BARON (1825–1896)
• MULLER, FRIEDRICH (1749-1825)
• MULLER, GEORGE (1805-1898)
• MULLER, JOHANNES PETER (18o1-1858)
• MULLER, JOHANNES VON (1752-1809)
• MULLER, JULIUS (18oi-1878)
• MULLER, KARL OTFRIED (1797-1840)
• MULLER, LUCIAN (1836-1898)
• MULLER, WILHELM (1794-1827)
• MULLER, WILLIAM JAMES (1812-1845)

Muller contends; he is sometimes entitled "coming from the Divine See also:

• LAND

Land " (i.e. the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East or See also:

• ARABIA

Arabia), or "See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord of Puoni " (See also:

• PUNT (from Lat. ponto, pontoon; connected with pons, bridge)

Punt), i.e. the African See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast of the Red See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

Sea; his effigy occurs also on See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek coins of Arabia . It is remarkable also that, contrary to the usual See also:

• RULE

rule, he is commonly represented in Egyptian sculptures and paintings full faced instead of in See also:

• PROFILE

profile . But the connexion of the god with Puoni may have grown out of the fact that dwarf dancers were especially brought to See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt from See also:

• ETHIOPIA, or AETHIOPIA (Gr. AlOtoaia)

Ethiopia and Puoni . See K . Sethe in Pauly-Wissowa, Realencyclopadie, s.v . ; A . Wiedemann, See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

Religion of the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

Ancient Egyptians (See also:

• LONDON

London, 1897), p 159; E . A . W . Budge, Gods of the Egyptians, ii. p .

284 (London); W . Max Muller, Asien u . See also:

• EUROPA (or rather, EUROPE)

Europa (See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1893), p . 310 . (F . Lr, .