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BLANK (from the Fr. blanc, white)

JEROME ADOLPHE BLANQUI (1798-1854)

LOUIS AUGUSTE BLANQUI (18o5-1881)

BLANTYRE (Gaelic, " the warm retreat")

EDWIN HOWLAND BLASHFIELD (1848– )

BLASIUS (or BLAisE), SAINT

BLASPHEMY (through the Fr. from Gr. PXaa4o ta, profane language, slander, probably derived from root of )3X

FRIEDRICH BLASS (1843—1907)

HELENA PETROVNA BLAVATSKY (1831-1891)

FREDERICK HENRY MARVELL BLAYDES (1818-1908)

BLAZE (A.-S. blaese, a torch)

BLEAK, or BLICK (Alburnus lucidus)

FRIEDRICH BLEEK (1793-1859)

WILHELM HEINRICH IMMANUEL BLEEK (1827-1875)

BLENDE, or SPHALERITE

BLENHEIM (Ger. Blindheim)

HARMAN BLENNERHASSETT (1765-1831)

BLERA (mod. Bieda)

COUNTESS OF MARGUERITE BLESSINGTON (1789-1849)

WILLIAM BLIGH (1754-1817)

MATHILDE BLIND (1841—1896)

CORNELIUS NEWTON BLISS (1833– )

BLISTER (a word found in many forms in Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Blase; it is ultimately connected with the same root as in " blow," cf. " bladder ")

BLIZZARD (origin probably onomatopoeic, cf. " blast," " bluster ")

MARK ELIEZER BLOCH (c. 1723–1799)

BLOCK (from the Fr. bloc, and possibly connected with an Old Ger. Block, obstruction, cf. " baulk ")

MAURICE BLOCK (1816–19or)

BLOCKADE (Fr. blocus, Ger. Blokade)

ABRAHAM BLOEMAERT (1564—1651)

JAN FRANS VAN BLOEMEN (1662—1740)

ROBERT BLOET (d. 1123)

FRANCIS BLOMEFIELD (1705-1752)

CHARLES JAMES BLOMFIELD (1786-1857)

EDWARD VALENTINE BLOMFIELD (1788-1816)

SIR ARTHUR WILLIAM BLOMFIELD (1829-1899)

DAVID BLONDEL (1591-1655)

JACQUES FRANCOIS BLONDEL (1705-1774)

BLONDIN (1824-1897)

BLOOM (from A.S. bloma, a flower)

AMELIA JENKS BLOOMER (1818-1894)

MAURICE BLOOMFIELD (1855- )

ROBERT BLOOMFIELD (1766-1823)

BLOUNT (or BLUNT), EDWARD (b. 1565?)

CHARLES BLOUNT (1654-1693)

SIR THOMAS POPE BLOUNT (1649-1697)

THOMAS BLOUNT (1618-1679)

WILLIAM BLOUNT (1749-1800)

JOHN BLOW (1648-1708)

HENRI GEORGES STEPHAN ADOLPHE DE BLOWITZ (1825-1903)

GEBHARD LEBERECHT VON BLUCHER (1742—1819)

BLUE (common in different forms to most European languages)

BLUFF (a word of uncertain origin; possibly connected with an obsolete Dutch word, blaf, broad)

LOUIS DE BLUIS (1506-1566)

ROBERT FREDERICK BLUM (1857–1903)

JOHANN FRIEDRICH BLUMENBACH (1752–1840)

COUNT VON LEONHARD BLUMENTHAL (1810–1900)

BLUNDERBUSS (a corruption of the Dutch dander, thunder, and the Dutch bus; cf. Ger. Biichse, a box or tube, hence a thunder-box or gun)

JOHN HENRY BLUNT (1823–1884)

JOHN JAMES BLUNT (1794–1855)

WILFRID SCAWEN BLUNT (184o— )

JOHANN KASPAR BLUNTSCHLI (18o8—1881)

BOABDIL (a corruption of the name Abu Abdullah)

BOAR (0. Eng. bar; the word is found only in W. Ger. languages, cf. Dutch beer, Ger. Eber)

BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

GEORGE DANA BOARDMAN (1801–1.831)

HENRY SAMUEL BOASE (1799-1883)

BOAT (0. Eng. bdt; the true etymological connexion with Dutch and Ger. boot, Fr. bateau, Ital. battello presents great difficulties; Celtic forms are from O. Eng.)

BOATSWAIN (pronounced " bo'sun "; derived from " boat " and " swain," a servant)

BOCAGE (from O. Fr. boscage, Late Lat. boscum, a wood)

MANUEL MARIA BARBOSA DE BOCAGE (1765-1805)

GIOVANNI BOCCACCIO (1313-1375)

TRAJANO BOCCALINI (1556-1613)

LUIGI BOCCHERINI (1743-1805)

SAMUEL BOCHART (1599-1667)

PHILIPP AUGUST BOCKH (1785-1867)

ARNOLD BOCKLIN (1827–1901)

BOCKLAND BOCLAND

STEPHEN [ISTVAN] BOCSKAY (1557–1606)

JOHANN ELERT BODE (1747–1826)

JEHAN BODEL (died c. 1210)

BODENBACH (Czech Podmokly)

FRIEDRICH MARTIN VON BODENSTEDT (1819–1892)

BARBARA LEIGH SMITH BODICHON (1827–1891)

JEAN BODIN (1530-1596)

BODKIN (Early Eng. boydekin, a dagger, a word of unknown origin, possibly connected with the Gaelic biodag, a short sword)

GEORGE FREDERICK BODLEY (1827-1907)

SIR THOMAS BODLEY (1545-1613)

JOHANN JAKOB BODMER (1698-1783)

GIAMBATTISTA BODONI (174o-1813)

BOECE (or BovcE), HECTOR (c. 1465 – c. 1536)

EUGEN BOEHM VON BAWERK (1851– )

SIR JOSEPH EDGAR BOEHM

BOEHME (or BEHMEN), JAKOB (1575-1624)

HERMANN BOERHAAVE (1668–1738)

BOETIUS (or BoETxlus), ANICIUS MANLIUS SEVERINUS (c. A.D. 480–524)

BOG (from Ir. and Gael. bogach, bog, soft)

KARL HEINRICH VON BOGATZKY (1690-1774)

BOGOTA, or SANTA FE DE BOGOTA

BOGRA, or BAGURA

DAVID BOGUE (1750-1825)

BOGUS (of uncertain origin, possibly connected with the Fr. bagasse, sugar-cane refuse)

BOHEA (a word derived from the Wu-i hills in the Fuhkien province of China, b being substituted for W or V)

BOHEMIA1 (Ger. Batmen, Czech Cechy, Lat. Bohemia)

JOHANN FRIEDRICH BOHMER (1795–1863)

HENRY GEORGE BOHN (1796-1884)

OTTO VON BOHTLINGK (18'5—1004)

COUNT MATTEO MARIA BOIARDO (1434-1494)

HEINRICH CHRISTIAN BOIE (1744-1806)

FRANCOIS ADRIEN BOIELDIEU (1775-1834)

COUNT BENOIT DE BOIGNE (1751-1830)

BOII (perhaps = " the terrible ")

BOILING TO DEATH

BOIS BRULES, or BRULES (a French translation of their Indian name SICHANGU)

FORTUNE DU BOISGOBEY (1824-1891)

SIEUR DE PIERRE LE PESANT BOISGUILBERT (1676—1714)

FRANCOIS LE METEL DE BOISROBERT (1592-1662)

JEAN JACQUES BOISSARD (1528-16oz)

MARIE LOUIS ANTOINE GASTON BOISSIER (1823—1908)

JEAN FRANCOIS BOISSONADE DE FONTARABIE (1774-1857)

ARRIGO BOITO (1842– )

FRANCOIS DE BOIVIN

OSBERN BOKENAM (1393?-1447?)

BOKHARA (Bokhara-i-Sherif)

BOKHARA, or BUKHARA (the common central Asian pronunciation is Bukhara)

BOLAS (plural of Span. bola, ball)

BOLEYN (or BULLEN), ANNE (c. 1507–1536)

BOLGARI, or BOLGARY

VISCOUNT HENRY ST JOHN BOLINGBROKE (1678-1751)

SIMON BOLIVAR (1783-1830)

GIOVANNI DA BOLOGNA (1524–1608)

BOLSENA (anc. Volsinii)

BOLTON (BOLTON-LE-MOORS)

BOLTON (or BOULTON), EDMUND (1S75?-1633?)

DUKES OF BOLTON

BERNHARD BOLZANO (1781-1848)

BOMA (properly Mboma)

BOMBARD (derived through Med. Lat. and Fr. forms from Gr. (3oµ(3eiv, to make a humming noise)

BOMBARDON IN E FLAT

BOMBARDON, or BASS TUBA

BOMBAY FURNITURE

BOMBAY PRESIDENCY

BOMBAZINE, or BOMBASINE

MARQUIS DE MARC MARIE BOMBELLES (1744-1822)

BONA FIDE (Lat. " in good faith ")

JOHN BONA (1609-1674)

VICOMTE DE LOUIS GABRIEL AMBROISE BONALD (1754-1840)

HORATIUS BONAR (1808-1889)

SAINT BONAVENTURA (JOHN OF FIDANZA)

MARQUIS DE CHARLES MELCHIOR ARTUS BONCHAMPS (c. 1760-1793)

SIR EDWARD AUGUSTUS BOND (1815-1898)

COUNT GUSTAF BONDE (162o-1667)

BONDED WAREHOUSE

BONE (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages, in many of which it is confined to the shank of the leg, as in the German Bein)

BONE DISEASES AND INJURIES

HENRY BONE (1755-1834)

BONER (or BONERIUS), ULRICH (fl. 14th century)

BENEDETTO BONFIGLI

BONFIRE (in Early English " bone-fire," Scottish " bane-fire ")

JACQUES BONGARS (1554-1612)

RUGGERO BONGHI (1828-1895)

BONGO (Boocercus eurycerus)

BONGO (Don or DERAN)

BONHEUR DU JOUR

ROSA BONHEUR [MARIE ROSALIE] (1822-1899)

BONIFACE (Bonifacius)

BONIFACE OF SAVOY (d. 1270)

SAINT BONIFACE (680-754)

BONIFACIUS (d. 432)

HERMANN BONITZ (1814–1888)

FRANCOIS BONIVARD (1493—1570)

EDMUND BONNER (1500?—1569)

CHARLES BONNET (172o–1793)

COMTE DE CLAUDE ALEXANDRE BONNEVAL (1675—1747)

BENJAMIN L BONNEVILLE

THOMAS GEORGE BONNEY (1833— )

ANGE ELISABETH LOUIS ANTOINE BONNIER (1749-1799)

SEIGNEUR DE GUILLAUME GOUFFIER BONNIVET (c. 1488—1525)

GIUSEPPI BONOMI (1739-1808)

BONONCINI (or BUONONCINI), GIOVANNI BATTISTA (1672?-1750?)

BONONIA (mod. Bologna)

AIMS JACQUES ALEXANDRE BONPLAND (1773-1858)

CHARLES VICTOR DE BONSTETTEN (1745-1832)

BONUS (a jocular application of the Lat. bonus, for bonum, " a good thing ")

BONZE (from Japanese bonzo, probably a mispronunciation of Chinese fan sung, " religious person ")

GEORGE BOOLE (1815-1864)

DANIEL BOONE (1734-1820)

BOORDE (or BoRnE), ANDREW (1490?-1549)

MARTIN BOOS (1762–1825)

BOOTES (Gr. 006M ?S, a ploughman, from /3oui, an ox)

BOOTH (connected with a Teutonic root meaning to dwell, whence also " bower ")

BARTON BOOTH (1681–1933)

CHARLES BOOTH (184o– )

EDWIN [THOMAS] BOOTH (1833–1893)

BOOTHIA (Boothia Felix)

BOOTY (apparently influenced by " boot," O. Eng. bot, ad-vantage or profit, through an adaptation from an earlier form cognate with Ger. Beute and Fr. butin)

FRANZ BOPP (1791-1867)

BORAGE (pronounced like " courage "; possibly from Lat. borra, rough hair)

BORAX (sodium pyroborate or sodium biborate)

JEAN CHARLES BORDA (1733-1799)

ROBERT LAIRD BORDEN (1854– )

SIR FREDERICK WILLIAM BORDEN (1847– )

PARIS BORDONE (1495-1570)

GIOVANNI ALFONSO BORELLI (1608-1679)

BORGA (Finnish Porvoo)

BARTOLOMMEO BORGHESI (1781-1860)

FRANCIS BORGIA (1510-1572)

LUCREZIA BORGIA (1480-1519)

SOLON HANNIBAL BORGLUM (1868– )

BORGO SAN DONNINO

AMBROGIO BORGOGNONE (fl. 1473–1524)

BORGU, or BARBA

BORIS FEDOROVICH GODUNOV

BORKU, or BORGU

WILLIAM BORLASE (1695–1772)

BORMIO (Ger. Worms)

EDLER VON IGNAZ BORN (1742–1791)

KARL LUDWIG BORNE (1786–1837)

VICOMTE DE HENRI BORNIER (1825-1901)

ALEXANDER PORFYRIEVICH BORODIN (1834–1889)

BORON (symbol B, atomic weight I I)

BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)

BOROUGH ENGLISH

STEVEN BORROWS] BURROWE BOROUGH [BURROUGH (1525–1584)

BORROMEAN ISLANDS

CARLO BORROMEO (1538–1584)

FRANCESCO BORROMINI (1599-1667)

GEORGE HENRY BORROW (18o3-1881)

BORSIPPA (Barsip in the Babylonian and Assyrian inscriptions; Borsif in the Talmud; mod. Birs or Birs-Nimrud)

LAMBERT BOS (1670—1717)

LOUIS AUGUSTIN GUILLAUME BOSC (1759-1828)

JUAN BOSCAN ALMOGAVER (1490?—1542)

EDWARD BOSCAWEN (1711-1761)

BOSCH (or Boa), JEROM (c. 1460-1518)

ROGER JOSEPH BOSCOVICH (1711?-1787)

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

BOSPORUS CIMMERIUS

BOSPORUS, or BOSPHORUS (Gr. Boo-iopos=ox-ford, tradition-ally connected with Io, daughter of Inachus, who, in the form of a heifer, crossed the Thracian Bosporus on her wanderings)