Online Encyclopedia

BLINDNESS

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 60 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BLINDNESS  , the

condition of being blind (a
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common Teutonic word), i.e. devoid of sight (see also Vlsiou; and EYE: Diseases) . The data furnished in various countries by the census of 1901 showed generally a decrease in blindness, due to the progress in medical science, use of antiseptics, better sanitation, control of infectious diseases, and better
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protection in shops and factories . Blindness is much more common in hot countries than in temperate and cold regions, but Finland and Iceland are exceptions to the general
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rule.' In hot countries the eyes are affected by the glaring sunlight, the dust and the dryness of the air, From
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statistics in Italy, France and Belgium, localities on the coast seem to have more blind persons than those at a distance from the sea . There are no
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late returns for Iceland, but the last available statistics gave 340o per million . A paper written in 1903 on blindness in
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Egypt stated that 1 in every 50 of the population was blind . The following table gives the number of blind persons as reported in the census of each country . Unless otherwise stated, it refers to the statistics of 1900 . Country .
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Total Number per Million Number. of Population . Austria 14,582 540 Belgium 3448 487
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Canada 3279 610 Denmark 1047 427 England 25,317 778 France 27,174 698 Finland' 3229 1191 Hungary 19,377 1006 Ireland 4263 954 Italy . 38",160 1175 Holland (1890) 2114 414 Norway 1879 838 .
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Portugal 5650 1040 Sweden 3413 664
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Switzerland (1895) 2107 722 Scotland 3253 727 Spain (1877) 24,608 1006 Russia about 2000
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United States (corrected census) .

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CORNELIUS NEWTON BLISS (1833– )

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