See also:

• BONER (or BONERIUS), ULRICH (fl. 14th century)

BONER (or BONERIUS), See also:

• ULRICH

ULRICH (fl. 14th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German-Swiss writer of fables, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• BERN (Fr. Berne)

Bern . He was descended of an old Bernese See also:

• FAMILY

family, and, as far as can be ascertained, took clerical orders and became a See also:

• MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
• MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
• MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
• MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)

monk; yet as it appears that he subsequently married, it is certain that he received the " See also:

• TONSURE (Lat. tonsura, from tondere, to shave)

tonsure " only, and was thus entitled to the benefit of the clerici uxoriati, who, on divesting themselves of the clerical garb, could return to See also:

• SECULAR (Lat. saecularis, of or belonging to an age or generation, saeculum)

secular See also:

• LIFE

life . He is mentioned in records between 1324 and 1349, but neither before nor after these See also:

• DATES

dates . He wrote, in See also:

• MIDDLE

Middle High German, a collection of fables entitled Der Edelstein (c . 1349), one See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred in number, which were based principally on those of See also:

• AVIANUS

Avianus (4th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century) and the Anonymus (edited by I . Nevelet, 161o) . This See also:

• WORK

work he dedicated to the Bernese patrician and poet, Johann von Rinkenberg, advocatus (See also:

• VOGT, KARL CHRISTOPH (1817-1895)

Vogt) of See also:

• BRIENZ, LAKE OF

Brienz (d. c . 1350) . It was printed in 1461 at See also:

• BAMBERG

Bamberg; and it is claimed for it that it was the first See also:

• BOOK

book See also:

• BONE (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages, in many of which it is confined to the shank of the leg, as in the German Bein)
• BONE, HENRY (1755-1834)

Bone oil, also known as See also:

• DIPPEL, JOHANN KONRAD (1673-1734)

Dippel's oil, was originally produced by the See also:

• DISTILLATION (from the Lat. distillare, more correctly destillare, to drop or trickle down)

distillation of stags' horns; it is of See also:

• INTEREST

interest in the See also:

• HISTORY

history of See also:

• CHEMISTRY
• CHEMISTRY (formerly "chymistry"; Gr. xvµela; for derivation see ALCHEMY)

chemistry, since from it were isolated in 1846 by T . See also:

• ANDERSON
• ANDERSON, ADAM (1692—1765)
• ANDERSON, ALEXANDER (c. 1582-1620?)
• ANDERSON, ELIZABETH GARRETT (1836— )
• ANDERSON, JAMES (1662—1728)
• ANDERSON, JAMES (1739-1808)
• ANDERSON, JOHN (1726-1796)
• ANDERSON, MARY (1859– )
• ANDERSON, RICHARD HENRY (1821–1879)
• ANDERSON, ROBERT (1750–1830)
• ANDERSON, SIR EDMUND (1530-1605)

Anderson See also:

• PYRIDINE

pyridine and some of its homologues.printed in the German See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language . See also:

• BONER (or BONERIUS), ULRICH (fl. 14th century)

Boner treats his See also:

• SOURCES

sources with considerable freedom and originality; he writes a clear and See also:

• SIMPLE

simple See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style, and the necessarily didactic See also:

• TONE, THEOBALD WOLFE (1763-1798)

tone of the collection is relieved by touches of See also:

• HUMOUR (Latin humor)

humour . Der Edelstein has been edited by G .

F . Benecke (See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, 1816) and See also:

• FRANZ, ROBERT (1815-1892)

Franz See also:

• PFEIFFER
• PFEIFFER, FRANZ (1815—1868)

Pfeiffer (See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1844) ; a See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation into See also:

• MODERN

modern German by K . See also:

• PANNIER (Fr. panier, Lat. panarium, a basket for carrying bread, panis)

Pannier will be found , in Reclam's Universal-Bibliothek (Leipzig, 1895) . See also G . E . See also:

• LESSING, GOTTHOLD EPHRAIM (1729–1781)

Lessing in Zur Geschichte and Literatur (Werke, ix.); C . Waas, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Quellen der Beispiele Boners (See also:

• GIESSEN

Giessen, 1897) . BO'NESS, or BORROWSTOUNNESS, a municipal and See also:

• POLICE (Fr. police, government, civil administration, a police force, Gr. sroXumeia, constitution, condition of a state, roars, city, state)

police See also:

• BURGH [BOURKE, BURKE]
• BURGH, HUBERT DE (d. 1243)

burgh and seaport of See also:

• LINLITHGOWSHIRE, or WEST LOTHIAN

Linlithgowshire, See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland . Pop . (1891) 6295; (1901) 9306 . It lies on the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern See also:

• SHORE

shore of the See also:

• FIRTH, CHARLES HARDING (1857– )
• FIRTH, MARK (1819-1880)

Firth of Forth, 17 M . W. by N. of See also:

• EDINBURGH

Edinburgh, and 24 M. by See also:

• RAIL

rail, being the See also:

• TERMINUS

terminus of the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North See also:

• BRITISH

British railway's See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch See also:

• LINE

line from See also:

• MANUEL, EUGENE (1823–1901)
• MANUEL, JACQUES ANTOINE (1775-1827)
• MANUEL, LOUIS PIERRE (1751-1793)

Manuel .

In the 18th century it ranked next to See also:

• LEITH

Leith as a See also:

• PORT

port, but the growth of See also:

• GRANGEMOUTH

Grangemouth, higher up the firth, seriously affected its See also:

• SHIP

ship-ping See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade, which is, however, yet considerable, See also:

• COAL

coal and See also:

• PIG
• PIG (a word of obscure origin, connected with the Low Ger. and Dut. word of the same meaning, bigge)

pig-See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron forming the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal exports, and See also:

• PIT (O. E. pytt, cognate with Du. put, Ger. Pfutze, &c., all ultimately adaptations of Lat. puteus, well, formed from root pu-, to cleanse, whence gurus, clean, pure)

pit props from the Baltic the leading import . It has an extensive See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour (the See also:

• AREA

area of the See also:

• DOCK

dock being 74 acres) . The See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• INDUSTRIES

industries are coal-miningsome of the pits extending for a See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long distance beneath the firthiron-See also:

• FOUNDING (from Lat. fundere, to pour)

founding (with several blast furnaces) and See also:

• ENGINEERING

engineering, but it has also important manufactures of See also:

• SALT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch zout, Ger. Salz, Scand. salt; cognate with Gr. &Xs, Lat. sal)
• SALT, SIR TITUS, BART

salt, See also:

• SOAP

soap, See also:

• VITRIOL

vitriol and other chemicals . See also:

• SHIPBUILDING

Shipbuilding and whaling are See also:

• EXTINCT

extinct . Traces of the See also:

• WALL (O. Eng. weal, weall, Mid. Eng. wal, wane, adapted from Lat. vallum, rampart; the original O. Eng. word for a wall was wag or tenth)
• WALL, RICHARD (1694-1778)

wall of See also:

• ANTONINUS, SAINT ANTONIO PIEROZZI

Antoninus which ran through the See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish may still be made out, especially near Inveravon . Blackness, on the See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast farther See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east, was the seaport of See also:

• LINLITHGOW
• LINLITHGOW, JOHN ADRIAN LOUIS HOPE, 1ST MARQUESS

Linlithgow till the rise of Bo'ness, but its small export trade now mainly consists of coal, bricks, tiles and See also:

• LIME
• LIME (O. Eng. lim, Lat. limes, mud, from linere, to smear)

lime . Its See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

castle, See also:

• STANDING

standing on a promontory, is of unknown See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age . See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James III. of Scotland is stated to have consigned certain of the insurgent nobles to its cells; and later it was used as a See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison in which many of the See also:

• COVENANTERS

Covenanters were immured . It was one of the four castles that had to be maintained by the Articles of See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

Union, but when its uselessness for defensive purposes became apparent, it was converted into an See also:

• AMMUNITION

ammunition See also:

• DEPOT (from the Fr. depot, Lat. depositum, laid down; the French accent marks are usually dispensed with in English)

depot . Kinneil See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House, 1 m. See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south of Bo'ness, a seat of the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• HAMILTON
• HAMILTON (GRAND or ASHUANIPI)
• HAMILTON, ALEXANDER (1757-1804)
• HAMILTON, ANTHONY, or ANTOINE (1646-1720)
• HAMILTON, ELIZABETH (1758–1816)
• HAMILTON, EMMA, LADY (c. 1765-1815)
• HAMILTON, JAMES (1769-1831)
• HAMILTON, JAMES HAMILTON, 1ST DUKE OF (1606-1649)
• HAMILTON, JOHN (c. 1511–1571)
• HAMILTON, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• HAMILTON, PATRICK (1504-1528)
• HAMILTON, ROBERT (1743-1829)
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM (1730-1803)
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM ROWAN (1805-1865)
• HAMILTON, THOMAS (1789-1842)
• HAMILTON, WILLIAM (1704-1754)
• HAMILTON, WILLIAM GERARD (1729-1796)

Hamilton, formerly a keep, was fortified by the See also:

• REGENT (from Lat. regere, to rule)

regent See also:

• ARRAN
• ARRAN, EARLS OF

Arran, plundered by the rebels in See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary's reign, and reconstructed in the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles II . Dr See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John .See also:

• ROEBUCK, JOHN (1718-1794)
• ROEBUCK, JOHN ARTHUR (1801-1879)

Roebuck (1718-1794), founder of the Carron Iron See also:

• WORKS

Works, occupied it for several years from 1764 . It was here that, on his invitation, James See also:

• WATT, JAMES (1736-1819)

Watt constructed a See also:

• MODEL (0. Fr. modelle, mod. modele; It. modello, pattern, mould; from Lat. modus, measure, standard)

model of his See also:

• STEAM
• STEAM (0. Eng. steam, vapour, smoke, cf. Du. steam; the origin is unknown)

steam-See also:

• ENGINE
• ENGINE (Lat. ingenium)

engine, which was tested in a now disused colliery .

Though Roebuck lost all his See also:

• MONEY

money in the coal-mines and salt works which he established at Bo'ness, the development of the See also:

• MINERAL

mineral resources of the See also:

• DISTRICT

district may be regarded as due to him .