BEATING THE See also:

• BEATING THE BOUNDS

BOUNDS  , an See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom still observed in many See also:

• ENGLISH

English parishes . In former times when maps were rare it was usual to make a formal perambulation of the See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish boundaries on See also:

• ASCENSION
• ASCENSION, FEAST OF THE

Ascension See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day or during Rogation See also:

• WEEK (from A.S. wicu, Germanic *wikon, probably=change, turn)

week . The latter is in the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England still called " Gang Week "or " Ganging Days " from this " ganging " or procession . The See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest. of the parish with the churchwardens and the parochial officials headed a See also:

• CROWD, CROUTH, CROWTH

crowd of boys who, armed with See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green boughs, See also:

• BEAT (a word common in various forms to the Teutonic languages; it is connected with the similar Romanic words derived from the Late Lat. battere)

beat with them the parish border-stones . Sometimes the boys were themselves whipped or even violently bumped on the boundary-stones to make them remember . The See also:

• OBJECT

object of taking boys was obviously to ensure that witnesses to the boundaries should survive as See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long as possible . In England the custom is as old as Anglo-Saxon days, as it is mentioned in See also:

• LAWS

laws of See also:

• ALFRED

Alfred and EEthelstan . It is thought that it may have been derived from the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman Terminalia, a festival celebrated on the 22nd of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February in See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour of See also:

• TERMINUS

Terminus, the See also:

• GOD

god of landmarks, to whom cakes and See also:

• WINE (Lat. vinum, Gr. oivos)

wine were offered, See also:

• SPORTS
• SPORTS, THE BOOK OF

sports and dancing taking See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place at the boundaries . In England a parish-See also:

• ALE

ale or feast was always held of ter the perambulation, which assured its popularity, and in See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry VIII.'s reign the occasion had become an excuse for so much revelry that it attracted the condemnation of a preacher who declared " these solemne and accustomable processions and supplications be nowe growen into a right foule and detestable abuse." Beating the See also:

• BOUNDS, BEATING THE

bounds had a religious See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side in the practice which originated the See also:

• TERM

term Rogation, the accompanying See also:

• CLERGY (M.E. clergie, O. Fr. clergie, from Low Lat. form clericia [Skean, by assimilation with O. Fr. clergie, Fr. clerge,from Low Lat. clericatus)
• CLERGY, BENEFIT OF

clergy being supposed to beseech (rogare) the divine blessing upon the parish lands for the ensuing See also:

• HARVEST (A.S. hcerfest " autumn," O.H. Ger. herbist, possibly through an old Teutonic root representing Lat. car pere, " to pluck ")

harvest . This feature originated in the 5th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, when Mamercus, See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of See also:

• VIENNE
• VIENNE, COUNCIL OF

Vienne, instituted See also:

• SPECIAL

special prayers and See also:

• FASTING (from " fast," derived from old Teutonic fastejan; synonyms being the Gr. vnorebety, late Lat. jejunare)

fasting and processions on these days . This clerical side of the parish bounds-beating was one of the religious functions prohibited by the Injunctions of See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth; but it was then ordered that the perambulation should continue to be performed as a quasi-See also:

• SECULAR (Lat. saecularis, of or belonging to an age or generation, saeculum)

secular See also:

• FUNCTION

function, so that See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence of the boundaries of parishes, &c. might be preserved (See also:

• GIBSON, CHARLES DANA (1867- )
• GIBSON, EDMUND (1669-1748)
• GIBSON, JOHN (1790-1866)
• GIBSON, THOMAS MILNER (1806-1884)
• GIBSON, WILLIAM HAMILTON (1850-1896)

Gibson, Codex See also:

• JURIS

juris Ecclesiastici Anglicani (1761) pp . 213-214) .

Bequests were sometimes made in connexion with bounds-beating . Thus at See also:

• LEIGHTON, FREDERICK LEIGHTON, BARON (183o–1896)
• LEIGHTON, ROBERT (161x—1684)

Leighton See also:

• BUZZARD

Buzzard on Rogation See also:

• MONDAY (in O.E. Monandaeg, the moon's day, a translation of the Late Lat. Lunae dies, from which the French lundi is taken)

Monday, in accordance with the will of one See also:

• EDWARD

Edward Wilkes, a See also:

• LONDON

London See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant who died in 1646, the trustees of his almshouses accompanied the boys . The will was read and See also:

• BEER

beer and See also:

• PLUM

plum rolls distributed . A remarkable feature of the See also:

• BEQUEST (from 0. Eng. becwethan, to declare or express in words; cf. " quoth ")

bequest was that while the will is read one of the boys has to stand on his See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head .