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FRANCOIS LOUIS BOURDON (d. 1797)

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 330 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FRANCOIS LOUIS BOURDON (d. 1797)  , known as BOURDON DE L'
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OISE, French revolutionist, was procureur at the parlement of Paris . He ardently embraced the revolutionary doctrines and took an active
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part in the insurrection of the loth of August 1792 . Representing the department of the Oise in the Convention, he voted for the immediate
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death of the king . He accused the Girondists of relations with the court, then turned against Robespierre, who had him expelled from the Jacobin club for his conduct as
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commissioner of the Convention with the army of La Rochelle . On the 9th Thermidor he was one of the deputies delegated to aid Barras to repress the insurrection made by the commune of Paris in favour of Robespierre . Bourbon then be-came a violent reactionary, attacking the former members of the Mountain and supporting rigorous
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measures against the rioters of the 12th Germinal and the 1st Prairial of the
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year III . In the council of Five
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Hundred, Bourdon belonged to the party of " Clichyens," composed of disguised royalists, against whom the
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directors made the coup d'etat of the 18th Fructidor . Bourdon was arrested and deported to French Guiana, where he died soon after his arrival . BOURG-EN-
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BRESSE, a
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town of eastern France, capital of the department of
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Ain, and formerly capital of the province of Bresse, 36 m . N.N.E. of Lyons by the Paris-Lyon railway . Pop . (1906) town, 13,916; commune, 20,045 .

Bourg is situated at the western

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base of the Jura, on the
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left
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bank of the Reyssouze, a tributary of the
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Saone . The chief of the older buildings is the church of Notre-Dame (16th century), of which the
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facade belongs to the Renaissance; other parts of the church are
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Gothic . In the interior there are stalls of the 16th century . The other public buildings, including a handsome prefecture, are
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modern . The hotel de ville contains a library and the Lorin museum with a collection of pictures, while another museum has a collection of the old costumes and ornaments characteristic of Bresse . Among the statues in the town there is one of Edgar Quinet (1803–1875), a native of Bourg . Bourg is the seat of a prefect and of a court of assizes, and has a tribunal of first instance, a tribunal and a chamber of commerce, and a branch of the Bank of France . Its educational establishments include lycees for boys and girls, and training colleges . The manufactures consist of iron goods,
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mineral waters, tallow,
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soap and earthenware, and there are
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flour mills and breweries; and there is considerable trade in grain, cattle and poultry . The church of Brou, a suburb of Bourg, is of
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great
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artistic
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interest .
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Marguerite of Bourbon, wife of Philibert II. of Savoy, had intended to found a monastery on the spot, but died before her intention could be carried into effect . The church was actually built early in the 16th century by her daughter-in-law Marguerite of Austria, wife of Philibert le Beau of Savoy, in memory of her
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husband .

The exterior, especially the facade, is richly ornamented, but the chief interest lies in the

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works of
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art in the interior, which date from 1532 . The most important are the three mausoleums with the marble effigies of Marguerite of Bourbon, Philibert le Beau, and Marguerite of Austria . All three are remarkable for perfection of sculpture and richness of ornamentation . The rood loft, the oak stalls, and the reredos in the
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chapel of the Virgin are masterpieces in a similar style .
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Roman remains have been discovered at Bourg, but little is known of its early
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history . Raised to the rank of a
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free town in 1250, it was at the beginning of the 15th century chosen by the dukes of Savoy as the chief city of the province of Bresse . In 1535 it passed to France, but was restored to Duke Philibert Emmanuel, who later built a strong citadel, which afterwards withstood a six months' siege by the soldiers of Henry IV . The town was finally ceded to France in 16or . In 1814 the in-habitants, in spite of the defenceless condition of their town, offered resistance to the Austrians, who put the place to pillage .

End of Article: FRANCOIS LOUIS BOURDON (d. 1797)
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