BOYCOTT  , the refusal and incitement to refusal to have commercial or social dealings with any one on whom it is wished to bring pressure . As merely a See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of " sending to See also:

• COVENTRY, SIR JOHN (d. 1682)
• COVENTRY, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1628-1686)
• COVENTRY, THOMAS COVENTRY, 1ST BARON (2578–1640)

Coventry " or (in W . E . See also:

• GLADSTONE
• GLADSTONE, JOHN HALL (1827-1902)
• GLADSTONE, WILLIAM EWART (1809–1898)

Gladstone's phrase) " exclusive dealing," boycotting may be, from a legal point of view, unassailable, and as such has frequently been justified by its See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• POLITICAL

political inventors . But in practice it has usually taken the form of what is undoubtedly an illegal See also:

• CONSPIRACY (from Lat. conspirare, literally to breathe together, to agree, combine, and especially to form a secret plot)

conspiracy to injure the See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person, See also:

• PROPERTY

property or business of another by unwarrantably putting pressure on all and sundry to withdraw from him their social or business inter-course . The word was first used in See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland, and was derived from the name of See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

Captain See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles See also:

• CUNNINGHAM, ALEXANDER (c.1655-173o)
• CUNNINGHAM, ALLAN (1784-1842)
• CUNNINGHAM, WILLIAM (1805-1861)

Cunningham Boycott (1832-1897), See also:

• AGENT (from Lat. agere, to act)

agent for the estates of the See also:

• EARL

earl of See also:

• ERNE

Erne in Co . See also:

• MAYO
• MAYO, RICHARD SOUTHWELL BOURKE, 6TH EARL OF (1822-1872)

Mayo . For refusing in 188o to receive rents at figures fixed by the tenants, Captain Boycott had his See also:

• LIFE

life threatened, his servants compelled to leave him, his fences torn down, his letters intercepted and his See also:

• FOOD
• FOOD (like the verb " to feed," from a Teutonic root, whence O. Eng. foda; cf. " fodder "; connected with Gr. lrareicOae, to feed)

food supplies interfered with . It took a force of 900 soldiers to protect the See also:

• ULSTER
• ULSTER, EARLS OF

Ulster See also:

• ORANGEMEN

Orangemen (" Emergency Men ") who succeeded finally in getting in his crops . He wa.s hooted and mobbed in the streets, and hanged and burnt in effigy . The See also:

• SYSTEM

system of boycotting was an essential See also:

• PART

part of the Irish Nationalist " See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

Plan of See also:

• CAMPAIGN

Campaign," and was dealt with under the Crimes See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

Act of 1887 . The See also:

• TERM

term soon came into See also:

• COMMON

common See also:

• ENGLISH

English use, and was speedily adopted by the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French, Germans, Dutch and Russians .

In the See also:

• UNITED

United States this method of " persuasion " was taken up by the See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade unions about 1886, an employer who refused their demands being brought to terms by a See also:

• COMBINATION (Lat. combinare, to combine)

combination IV . I2to refuse to buy his product or do his See also:

• WORK

work, or to See also:

• DEAL

deal with any who did . Various cases have occurred in See also:

• AMERICA

America in which labour organizations have pronounced such a boycott against a See also:

• FIRM

firm; and its illegal nature has been established in the See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law-courts; notably in the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case of the Bucks See also:

• STOVE

Stove See also:

• COMPANY

Company v . The See also:

• AMERICAN

American Federation of Labor (1907) in the Supreme See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

Court of the See also:

• DISTRICT

district of See also:

• COLUMBIA

Columbia, and in a suit against the Hatters' See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

Union (See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1908) in the U.S . Supreme Court . A boycott has also been held by the U.S . Supreme Court to be a violation of the See also:

• SHERMAN
• SHERMAN, JOHN (x823-1900)
• SHERMAN, ROGER (1721–1793)

Sherman See also:

• ANTI, or CAMPA

Anti-See also:

• TRUST

Trust law .