See also:

• BRAGANZA (Braganca)

BRAGANZA (Braganca)  , the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of an administrative See also:

• DISTRICT

district formerly included in the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of Traz-os-Montes, See also:

• PORTUGAL

Portugal; situated in the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-eastern extremity of the See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom, on a See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch of the See also:

• RIVER

river Sabor, 8 m . S. of the See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish frontier . Pop . (1900) 5535 . See also:

• BRAGANZA (Braganca)

Braganza is an episcopal See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city . It consists of a walled upper See also:

• TOWN

town, containing the See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

college and See also:

• HOSPITAL (Lat. haspitalis, the adjective of hospes, host or guest)

hospital, and of a See also:

• LOWER

lower or See also:

• MODERN

modern town . Large tracts of the surrounding See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country are uncultivated, partly because railway communication is lacking and the roads are See also:

• BAD, BCD

bad . Except farming, the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• LOCAL

local See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry is silkworm-rearing and the manufacture of See also:

• SILK

silk . The administrative district of Braganza coincides with the eastern See also:

• PART

part of Traz-os-Montes (q.v.) . Pop . (1900) 185,162; See also:

• AREA

area, 2513 sq. m . The city gave its name to the See also:

• FAMILY

family of Braganza, members of which were rulers of Portugal from 164o to 1853, and emperors of See also:

• BRAZIL
• BRAZIL, or BRASIL

Brazil from 1822 to 1889 .

This family is descended from See also:

• ALPHONSO

Alphonso (d . 1461), a natural son of See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John I., See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of Portugal (d . 1433), who was a natural son of King See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter I., and consequently belonged to the Portuguese branch of the Capetian family . Alphonso was made See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of Braganza in 1442, and in 1483 his See also:

• GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson, Duke See also:

• FERDINAND
• FERDINAND (1577-1650)
• FERDINAND (COLOGNE)
• FERDINAND (Span. Fernando or Hernando; Ital. Ferdinando or Ferrante; in O. H. Ger. Herinand, i.e. " brave in the host," from O. H. G. Heri, "army," A. S. here, Mod. Ger. Heer, and the Goth. nan]jan, " to dare ")
• FERDINAND, MAXIMILIAN KARL LEOPOLD MARIA

Ferdinand II., lost his See also:

• LIFE

life through heading an insurrection against King John II . In spite of this Ferdinand's descendants acquired See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• WEALTH

wealth, and several of them held high See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office under the See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings of Portugal . Duke John I . (d . 1583) married into the royal family, and when King See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry II. died without See also:

• DIRECT

direct heirs in 1580, he claimed the See also:

• CROWN

crown of Portugal in opposition to See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip II. of See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain . John, however, was unsuccessful, but, when the Portuguese threw off the Spanish dominion in 164o, his grandson, John II., duke of Braganza, became king as John IV . In 1807, when See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon declared the See also:

• THRONE

throne of Portugal vacant, King John VI. fled to Brazil; but he regained his See also:

• INHERITANCE

inheritance after the fall of Napoleon in 1814, although he did not return to See also:

• EUROPE

Europe until 1821, when he See also:

• LEFT

left his See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

elder son Peter to govern Brazil . In 1822 a revolution established the See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

independence of Brazil with Peter as See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor . In 1826 Peter became king of Portugal on the See also:

• DEATH

death of his See also:

• FATHER

father; but he at once resigned the crown to his See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young daughter Maria, and appointed his See also:

• BROTHER

brother See also:

• MIGUEL, MARIA EVARIST (1802–1866)

Miguel to See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act as See also:

• REGENT (from Lat. regere, to rule)

regent .

Miguel soon declared himself king, but after a stubborn struggle was driven from the country in 1833, after which Maria became See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen . Maria married for her second See also:

• HUSBAND

husband Ferdinand (d . 1851), son of See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis, duke of See also:

• SAXE, JOHN GODFREY (1816-1887)
• SAXE, MAURICE, COMTE DE (1696-1750)

Saxe-See also:

• COBURG

Coburg; and when she died in 1853 the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main Portuguese branch of the family became See also:

• EXTINCT

extinct . Maria was succeeded by her son See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis I., father of See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles I., who ascended the throne of Portugal in 1889 . The See also:

• EMPIRE

empire of Brazil descended on the death of Peter I. to his son Peter II., who was expelled from the country in 1889 . When Peter died in 1891 this branch of the family also became extinctin the male See also:

• LINE

line . His only See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child, See also:

• ISABELLA (1451-15o4)
• ISABELLA, ISABEAU

Isabella, married Louis Gaston of See also:

• ORLEANS
• ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
• ORLEANS, DUKES OF
• ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
• ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
• ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
• ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
• ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
• ORLEANS, PHILIP I
• ORLEANS, PHILIP II

Orleans, See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of Eu . The exiled king, Miguel, founded a branch of the family of Braganza which settled in See also:

• BAVARIA (Ger. Bayern)

Bavaria, and various See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble families in Portugal are descended from cadets of this See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house . The See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of duke of Braganza is now See also:

• BORNE, KARL LUDWIG (1786–1837)

borne by the eldest son of the king of Portugal .