BRENNER  PASS 495 been See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• TRALEE

Tralee in See also:

• KERRY

Kerry in A.D . 484 . The Irish See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of his name is Brennain, the Latin Brendanus . See also:

• MEDIEVAL

Medieval historians usually See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call him See also:

• BRENDAN, BRANDON

Brendan of Clonfert, or Brendan son of Finnloga, to distinguish him from his contemporary, St Brendan of See also:

• BIRR, or PARSONSTOWN

Birr (573) . Little is known of the See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical Brendan, who died in 578 as See also:

• ABBOT (from the Hebrew ab, a father, through the Syriac abba, Lat. abbas, gen. abbatis, O.E. abbad, fr. late Lat. form abbad-em changed in 13th century under influence of the Lat. form to abbat, used alternatively till the end of the 17th century; Ger. Ab
• ABBOT, EZRA (1819-1884)
• ABBOT, GEORGE (1603-1648)
• ABBOT, ROBERT (1588?–1662?)
• ABBOT, WILLIAM (1798-1843)

abbot of a See also:

• BENEDICTINE

Benedictine monastery which he had founded twenty years previously at Clonfert in eastern See also:

• GALWAY

Galway . The See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

story of his voyage across the See also:

• ATLANTIC

Atlantic to the " Promised See also:

• LAND

Land of the See also:

• SAINTS, BATTLE OF THE

Saints," afterwards designated " St Brendan's See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

Island,'" ranks among the most celebrated of the medieval sagas of western See also:

• EUROPE

Europe . Its traditional date is 565–573 . The See also:

• LEGEND (through the French from the med. Lat. legenda, things to be read, from legere, to read)

legend is found, in See also:

• PROSE

prose or See also:

• VERSE (from Lat. versus, literally a line or furrow drawn by turning the plough, from vertere, and afterwards signifying an arrangement of syllables into feet)

verse and with many See also:

• VARIATIONS
• VARIATIONS, CALCULUS
• VARIATIONS, CALCULUS OF

variations, in Latin, See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French, See also:

• ENGLISH

English, Saxon, Flemish, Irish, Welsh, See also:

• BRETON, BRITTON
• BRETON, JULES ADOLPHE

Breton and Scottish Gaelic . Although it does not occur in the writings of any Arabian geographer, several of its incidents—such as the landing on a See also:

• WHALE

whale in See also:

• MISTAKE (i.e. take amiss)

mistake for an island—belong also to Arabic folk. literature . Many of Brendan's fabulous adventures seem to be borrowed from the See also:

• HALF

half-See also:

• PAGAN
• PAGAN (Lat. paganus, of or belonging to a pagus, a canton, county district, village, commune)

pagan Irish See also:

• SAGA (literally a story committed to writing)

saga of See also:

• MAELDUIN (or MAELDUNE)

Maelduin or Maeldune, and others belong also to Scandinavian See also:

• MYTHOLOGY

mythology . The See also:

• OLDEST

oldest extant version of the legend is the 11th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century Navigatio Brendani . St Brendan's island was See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long accepted as a reality by geographers .

In a Venetian See also:

• MAP
• MAP (or MAPES), WALTER (d. c. 1208/9)

map dated 1367, in the See also:

• ANONYMOUS

anonymous See also:

• WEIMAR

Weimar map of 1424, and in B . Beccario's map of 1435, it is identified with See also:

• MADEIRA
• MADEIRA, or THE MADE1RAS

Madeira . See also:

• COLUMBUS
• COLUMBUS, CHRISTOPHER [in Spanish CRISTOBAL COLON] (c. 1446, or perhaps rather 1451, -15o6)

Columbus, in his See also:

• JOURNAL
• JOURNAL (through Fr. from late Lat. diurnalis, daily)

journal for the 9th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1492, states that the inhabitants of See also:

• HIERRO, or FERRO

Hierro, See also:

• GOMERA

Gomera and Madeira had seen the island in the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west; and See also:

• MARTIN (Martinus)
• MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
• MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
• MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
• MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
• MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
• MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
• MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
• MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
• MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
• MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)

Martin See also:

• BEHAIM (or BE1?EM), MARTIN (1436?-1507)

Behaim, in the globe he made at See also:

• NUREMBERG (Ger. Nurnberg)

Nuremberg in the same See also:

• YEAR

year, places it west of the Canaries and near the See also:

• EQUATOR (Late Lat. aequator, from aequare, to make equal)

equator . During the 16th century the progress of exploration in these latitudes compelled many cartographers to locate the island elsewhere; and it was marked about roo m. west of See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland, or afterwards among the West Indies . But in See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain and See also:

• PORTUGAL

Portugal the older belief as to its situation was maintained . In 1526 an expedition under Fernando See also:

• ALVAREZ, DON JOSE (1768-1827)
• ALVAREZ, DON MANUEL (1727-1797)
• ALVAREZ, FRANCISCO (c. 1465-1541?)

Alvarez See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• GRAND

Grand See also:

• CANARY
• CANARY (Serinus canarius)

Canary in See also:

• SEARCH, or VISIT AND SEARCH

search of St Brendan's island, which had again been reported as seen by many See also:

• TRUST

trust-worthy witnesses . In 1570 an See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official inquiry was held, and a second expedition undertaken, by Fernando de Villalobos, See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of See also:

• PALMA, JACOPO (c. 1480-1528)
• PALMA, or PALMA DE MALLORCA
• PALMA, or SAN MIGUEL DE LA PALMA

Palma . Similar voyages of See also:

• DISCOVERY

discovery were made by the Canarians in 1604 and 1721; and only in 1759 was the apparition of St Brendan's island explained as an effect of See also:

• MIRAGE (a French word, from mirer, to look at, se mirer, to be reflected)

mirage . Among the numerous books which See also:

• DEAL

deal with the legend, the following are important: See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die altfranzosische Prosaubersetzung von Brendans Meerfahet, by C . Wahlund (See also:

• UPSALA, or UPPSALA

Upsala, 1900) ; La" Navigatio Sancti Brendani" in antico Veneziano, by F . Novati (See also:

• BERGAMO
• BERGAMO (anc. Bergomum)

Bergamo, 1892) ; Zur Brendanus-Legende, &c., by G . See also:

• SCHIRMER, FRIEDRICH WILHELM (1802—1866)
• SCHIRMER, JOHANN WILHELM (1807-1865)

Schirmer (See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1888); See also:

• LES

Les Voyages merveilleux de St .

Brendan, &c., by F . See also:

• MICHEL
• MICHEL, CLAUDE
• MICHEL, FRANCISQUE XAVIER (1809-1887)

Michel (See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1878); and Acta Sancti Brendani . . . . See also:

• ORIGINAL

Original Latin Documents connected with the See also:

• LIFE

Life of St Brendan, by P . F . See also:

• MORAN, EDWARD (1829–1901)
• MORAN, THOMAS (1837– )

Moran (See also:

• DUBLIN

Dublin, 1872) .