BRIVE  , or BRIVES-LA-GAILLARDE, a

town of south-central France, capital of an arrondissement in the department of Correze, 62 m . S.S.E. of Limoges on the main line of the Orleans railway from Paris to Montauban . Pop . (1906) town 14,954; commune 20,636 . It lies on the left bank of the Correze in an ample and fertile plain, which is the meeting-place of important roads and railways . The enceinte which formerly surrounded the town has been replaced by shady boulevards, and a few wide thoroughfares have been made, but many narrow winding streets and ancient houses still remain . Outside the boulevards lie the modern quarters, also the fine promenade planted with plane trees which stretches to the Correze and contains the chief restaurants and the theatre . Here also is the statue of Marshal Guillaume Marie Anne Brune, who was a native of Brive . A fine bridge leads over the river to suburbs on its right bank . The public buildings are of little interest apart from the church of St Martin, which stands in the heart of the old town . It is a building of the 12th century in the Romanesque style of Limousin, with three narrow naves of almost equal height . The ecclesiastical seminary occupies a graceful mansion of the 16th century, with a facade, a staircase and fireplaces of fine Renaissance workmanship .

Brive is the seat of a sub-

prefect and has a tribunal of first instance, a tribunal of commerce, a communal college and a school of industry . Its position makes it a market of importance, and it has a very large trade in the early vegetables and fruit of the valley of the Correze, and in grain, live-stock and truffles . Table-delicacies, paper, wooden shoes, hats, wax and earthenware are manufactured, and there are slate and millstone workings and dye-works . In the vicinity are numerous rock caves, many of them having been used as dwellings in prehistoric times . The best known are those of Lamouroux, excavated in stages in a vertical wall of rock, and four grotto-chapels resorted to by pilgrims in memory of St Anthony of Padua, who founded a Franciscan monastery at Brive in 1226 . Under the Romans Brive was known as Briva Curretiae (bridge of the Correze) . In the middle ages it was the capital of lower Limousin .