See also:

• FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )

FRIEDRICH See also:

• ARNOLD
• ARNOLD, BENEDICT (1741-1801)
• ARNOLD, GOTTFRIED (1666-1714)
• ARNOLD, MATTHEW (1822-1888)
• ARNOLD, SAMUEL (1740--18o2)
• ARNOLD, SIR EDWIN (1832-1904)
• ARNOLD, THOMAS (1745-1842)

ARNOLD See also:

• FRIEDRICH ARNOLD BROCKHAUS (1772-1823)

BROCKHAUS (1772-1823)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German publisher, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• DORTMUND

Dortmund, on the 4th of May 1772 . He was educated at the gymnasium of his native See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place, and from 1788 to 1793 served an See also:

• APPRENTICESHIP (from Fr. apprendre, to learn)

apprenticeship in a See also:

• MERCANTILE (or COMMERCIAL) AGENCIES

mercantile See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house at See also:

• DUSSELDORF

Dusseldorf . He then devoted two years at See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig to the study of modem See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages and literature, after which he set up at Dortmund an See also:

• EMPORIUM (a Latin adaptation of the Gr. Eµabpuov, from f)

emporium for See also:

• ENGLISH

English goods . In 18or he transferred this business to Arnheim, and in the following See also:

• YEAR

year to See also:

• AMSTERDAM
• AMSTERDAM (NEw AMSTERDAM)

Amsterdam . In 1805, having given up his first See also:

• LINE

line of See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade, he began business as a publisher . Two See also:

• JOURNALS

journals projected by him were not allowed by the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government to survive for any length of See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, and in 18io the complications in the affairs of See also:

• HOLLAND
• HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
• HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
• HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
• HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
• HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
• HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
• HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART

Holland induced him to return homewards . In 1811 he settled at See also:

• ALTENBURG

Altenburg . About three years previously he had See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased the See also:

• COPYRIGHT

copyright of the Konversations-Lexikon, started in 1796, and in 1810-1811 he completed the first edition of this celebrated See also:

• WORK

work (14th ed . 1901-4) . A second edition under his own editor-See also:

• SHIP

ship was begun in 1812, and was received with universal favour . His business extended rapidly, and in 1818 See also:

• BROCKHAUS, FRIEDRICH ARNOLD (1772-1823)

Brockhaus removed to Leipzig, where he established a large See also:

• PRINTING (from Lat. imprimere, O. Fr. empreindre)

printing-house . Among the more extensive of his many See also:

• LITERARY

literary undertakings were the See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical See also:

• PERIODICALS

periodicals—See also:

• HERMES
• HERMES, GEORG (1775-1831)

Hermes, the Literarisches Konversationsblalt (afterwards the Blatter filr literarische Unterhaltung), and the Zeitgenossen, and some large See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical and See also:

• BIBLIOGRAPHICAL

bibliographical See also:

• WORKS

works, such as See also:

• RAUMER, FRIEDRICH LUDWIG GEORG VON (1781–1873)

Raumer's Geschichte der See also:

• HOHENSTAUFEN

Hohenstaufen, and See also:

• EBERT, FRIEDRICH ADOLF (1791-1834)

Ebert's Allgemeines bibliographisches Lexikon .

F . A . Brockhaus died at Leipzig on the loth of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1823 . The business was carried on by his sons, See also:

• FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )

Friedrich Brockhaus (1800-i865) who retired in 185o, and Heinrich Brockhaus (1804-1874), under whom it was considerably extended . The latter especially rendered See also:

• GREAT

great services to literature and See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science, which the university of See also:

• JENA

Jena recognized by making him, in 1858, honorary See also:

• DOCTOR (Lat. for " teacher ")

doctor of See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy . In the years 1842-1848, Heinrich Brockhaus was member of the Saxon second chamber, as representative for Leipzig, was made honorary See also:

• CITIZEN (a form corrupted in Eng., apparently by analogy with " denizen," from O. Fr. citeain, mod. Fr. citoyen)

citizen of that See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city in 1872, and died there on the 15th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1874 . See H . E . Brockhaus, Friedrich A . Brockhaus, sein Leben and Wirken nach Briefen and andern Aufzeichnungen (3 vols., Leipzig . 1872—1881) ; also by the same author, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Firma F . A .

Brockhaus von der Begri ndung bis zum hundertjahrigen Jubildum (1805—1905, Leipzig, 1905) . Another of Friedrich's sons, See also:

• HERMANN, JOHANN GOTTFRIED JAKOB (1772–1848)
• HERMANN, KARL FRIEDRICH (1804–1855)

HERMANN BROCKHAUS (i8o6-1877), German Orientalist, was born at Amsterdam on the 28th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 18o6 . While his two See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

brothers carried on the business he devoted himself to an See also:

• ACADEMIC

academic career . He was appointed extraordinary See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor in Jena in 1838, and in 1841 received a See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call in a similar capacity to Leipzig, where in 1848 he was made See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary professor of See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient Semitic . He died at Leipzig on the 5th of January 1877 . Brockhaus was an See also:

• ORIENTAL

Oriental See also:

• SCHOLAR, SCHOLARSHIP

scholar in the old sense of the word, devoting his See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention, not to one See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language only, but to acquiring a familiarity with the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal languages and literature of the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East . He studied See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew, Arabic and See also:

• PERSIAN
• PERSIAN, SYRIAN, EGYPTIAN AND TURKISH

Persian, and was able to lecture on See also:

• SANSKRIT

Sanskrit, after-wards his specialty, See also:

• PALI

Pali, Zend and even on See also:

• CHINESE, JAPANESE AND

Chinese . His most important work was the editio princeps of the See also:

• KATHA

Katha-sarit-sagara, " The Ocean of the Streams of See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

Story," the large collection of Sanskrit stories made by See also:

• SOMA (Sanskrit for " pressed juice," from the root su, to press)

Soma See also:

• DEVA (mod. Chester)
• DEVA (Sanskrit " heavenly ")

Deva in the 12th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . By this publication he gave the first impetus to a really scientific study of the origin and spreading of popular tales, and enabled Prof . See also:

• BENFEY, THEODOR (1809-1881)

Benfey and others to trace the great bulk of Eastern and Western stories to an See also:

• INDIAN

Indian, and more especially to a Buddhistic source . Among Prof .